Ingeniería Catastral y Geodesia
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/2018
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Ítem Estimación de un modelo micro-cuasigeoidal mediante el modelamiento del campo de gravedad local para la incorporación de la primera estación de Colombia en el IHRF(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Olarte Ramírez, Harold Steven; Melo Martínez, Carlos Eduardo; Melo Martínez, Carlos Eduardo [0000-0002-5598-1913]In this document, the refinement of the regional gravity field is developed using spherical radial basis functions and a combined extended Gauss–Markov model, with the objective of determining a regional quasigeoid model of high accuracy and spectral richness. For this purpose, a mixture of gravity measurements from different techniques is generated in order to capture and model different frequencies of the signal originating from the gravity field. Likewise, a regularization of the system of equations is carried out through the estimation of the variance components (VCE, for its acronym in English) and, subsequently, the estimation of the Tikhonov regularization parameter λ using the L-curve method. In particular, for the representation of long wavelengths, the global geopotential model XGM2019 is used, whereas short to very short wavelengths are represented by a spherical harmonic combination of the Earth2014 and ERTM2160 models. In parallel, the consistency of the model is validated by means of GNSS/Leveling data, considering this data set as independent. The materialization of the International Height Reference System (IHRS, for its acronym in English) requires a reference geopotential surface that conforms to high-resolution quasigeoid modeling; consequently, the QgeoidMEDE2025 model computed in the present project provides a surface that meets the aforementioned specification and offers a solution for computing the geopotential number C(IHRF) associated with the International Height Reference Frame (IHRF, for its acronym in English) at the permanent monitoring station MEDE, which is part of the SIRGAS-CON geodetic reference frame as well as being one of the IHRF stations. In this order of ideas, the solution provided by the surface computed in this project is compared with the solutions of the continental SAM model (quasigeoid for South America) and the national QgeoidCOL2023 model. In this way, the work is fundamental for addressing the request of SIRGAS Working Group 3 (GT-III), by having three different solutions for the IHRF stations and, furthermore, for showing, in an approximation, that the different quasigeoid modeling configurations have direct implications for the computation of the geopotential numbers for the IHRF, C(IHRF).Ítem Análisis multitemporal de la afectación a los ecosistemas estratégicos por el avance de la frontera agrícola en el municipio de tausa (cundinamarca)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Romero Melo, Steven Ricardo; Rojas Rincon, Claudia BereniceThe analysis of agricultural expansion in the municipality of Tausa, Cundinamarca, makes it possible to understand the significant effects derived from changes in land use on strategic ecosystems, particularly high Andean moors and forests, determinants for the regulation of the water cycle and the conservation of biological diversity. The purpose of this work is to examine the evolution of land cover during the period 2014-2024, as well as its correlation with socioeconomic indicators and the community's perspectives regarding territorial use. To achieve this, a mixed-methods approach was adopted, integrating quantitative analyses through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Corine Land Cover (CLC) methodology, along with qualitative techniques such as structured surveys and semi-structured interviews, supported by a thematic coding strategy. The results will include various charts, tables, and land cover change indicators, as well as a correlation analysis between environmental and social variables, enabling the proposal of mitigation and conservation strategies. This research seeks to contribute to territorial planning efforts by promoting a balance between sustainable agricultural development and environmental protection, which requires collaborative work with the local community.Ítem Estimación de precios hedónicos de arrendamiento para apartamentos administrados por la sociedad de activos especiales (SAE) en estratos socioeconómicos 4, 5 y 6 ubicados en la localidad de Usaquén, Bogotá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Ruiz Rocha, Maria Camila; Vergara Hincapié, Jaime; Vergara Hincapié, Jaime [0000-0003-4734-9245]This study was conducted as part of an internship at the Special Assets Society (SAE), an entity responsible for the administration and management of real estate with economic and social purposes. The main objective of this research is to estimate the rental value of apartments located in the Usaquén neighborhood (Bogotá D.C.) by applying a hedonic pricing model, incorporating spatial econometric techniques to identify the influence of physical and location attributes on rental value. To build the database, web scraping techniques were implemented to collect information on the real estate market, which was then georeferenced and supplemented with spatial layers (shapefiles) that allowed for the integration of variables related to the urban environment, accessibility, and service provision. Initially, a multiple linear regression model (OLS) was estimated to establish a baseline, and then different spatial regression models (SAR, SEM, SDM, SARAR, and GNS) were evaluated, finally selecting the general spatial nesting model (GNS) for its better fit and explanatory power in the face of the spatial autocorrelation detected in the residuals. Finally, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model was applied to identify the spatial variability of local coefficients and understand the spatial heterogeneity of the rental market in the study area.Ítem Estudio del proceso de identificación y levantamiento de informalidades en el marco de la actualización catastral con enfoque multipropósito en el municipio de Manta, Cundinamarca(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Rozo Bravo, Sergio; Gutiérrez Martínez, David; Fuentes Lopez, HectorLand tenure informality in Colombia constitutes a structural problem that limits legal security, investment, and territorial planning. In the municipality of Manta, Cundinamarca, the recent multipurpose cadastre update revealed inconsistencies in records, a high proportion of properties without formal titles, and methodological differences that affect data quality. The objective of this study was to analyze the process of identifying and recording informalities during this update, in order to detect errors, classify types of informality, and propose recommendations to improve cadastral procedures. A mixed methodology was applied, integrating documentary review, spatial analysis through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), statistical evaluation, and surveys. The results showed that methodological differences directly affect data traceability and consistency, and that the quality of cadastral information depends not only on the capture method but also on the data model structure and available technological resources. Correlation and regression analyses revealed a low explanatory capacity of physical and spatial variables regarding informality, confirming its multidimensional nature. Furthermore, the legal component and the lack of institutional coordination were identified as significant limitations within the update process. An operational classification of informalities and a social-oriented dissemination strategy are proposed to strengthen public understanding and multipurpose cadastral management. This study provides technical and social inputs to improve land formalization and promote better territorial governance.Ítem Estudio de la variabilidad climática y análisis espacio-temporal de la temperatura del océano Pacifico en el departamento de Nariño : periodo de estudio 2018-2023(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Lozano Arias, Angie Paola; Cárdenas Contreras, Andres; Cárdenas Contreras, Andres [0000-0002-6033-4331]Climate variability and its influence on oceanic and atmospheric systems represent an increasingly relevant field of study, particularly in the Colombian Pacific, where large-scale phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña significantly alter environmental and socioeconomic dynamics. This research analyzes the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the department of Nariño over the period 2018–2023, integrating satellite data from Landsat 7 and 8 sensors with hydrometeorological records from local IDEAM stations. The methodological framework combines statistical and spatial approaches to characterize regional climatic variability. Data were processed and refined to ensure coherence and representativeness, incorporating both oceanic and atmospheric variables within a unified analytical scheme. After normalizing the datasets and verifying their statistical distributions, regression models were developed to explore the relationships between SST and geographical or hydrometeorological parameters, whose predictive accuracy was assessed through cross-validation. Subsequently, geostatistical methods were applied to describe the spatial dependence of the data, including anisotropy estimation, adjustment of experimental and theoretical variograms, and the generation of continuous surfaces through Kriging and Radial Basis Function (RBF) interpolation techniques. The study identified a defined spatial structure in SST distribution, showing significant correlations with latitude, longitude, wind speed, solar radiation, and evapotranspiration. The methodological approach adopted provides a robust framework for analyzing oceanic and climatic variability in the southern Colombian Pacific, contributing to a deeper understanding of ocean–atmosphere interactions at the regional scale.Ítem Determinantes espaciales y socioeconómicos de la percepción de la inseguridad en las UPZ de Bogotá (2021)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Cante Huertas, Cristhian Camilo; Rodríguez Ovalle, Juan Sebastián; Fuentes Lopez, Hector Javier; Fuentes Lopez, Hector Javier [0000-0001-6899-4564]Insecurity is a daily concern for Colombians, particularly in the capital city where cases of crime, murder, and theft are more frequent. Whether due to lack of opportunities, inequality, poor public policies, or displacement, a sense of danger has arisen that negatively affects the quality of life of residents. This study focused on identifying the factors that significantly determine the perception of insecurity in Bogotá in 2021 at the level of Urban Planning Zones (UPZ). Results and spatial analysis show that, through spatial econometric models, insecurity was significantly explained by a spatial lag model (SLX), using variables such as the percentage of drug use, socioeconomic stratum, education level, and households and individuals victimized by violence.Ítem Diagnóstico integral de la formalización de la propiedad privada para la mujer rural en el departamento de Boyacá dentro del marco del catastro multipropósito para la implementación del ordenamiento social de la propiedad(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Acevedo Rodríguez, María Camila; Piñeros Certuche, Laura Valentina; Ramírez Ramos, Carlos GermanThis monograph presents a comprehensive assessment of the formalization of private property for rural women in the department of Boyacá, within the framework of the implementation of the multipurpose cadastre and the social property arrangement in Colombia. The study begins by recognizing the gender gaps that have historically affected women’s access to land, a situation that limits their economic autonomy, social participation, and legal security. A mixed-methods approach was employed, based on documentary, regulatory, and statistical analysis of institutional databases, primarily from the National Land Agency (ANT). The analysis includes variables such as the number of properties formalized by gender, the distribution of land area, participation in joint titling processes, and differences across municipalities. Furthermore, these findings are contrasted with existing public policies to evaluate their effectiveness and territorial coverage. The results reveal persistent inequalities in land availability for rural women, despite normative advances and institutional strategies. Socioeconomic, cultural, and administrative barriers hinder the effective implementation of gender equality in land access programs. Finally, recommendations are proposed to improve program targeting and to strengthen the use of the multipurpose cadastre as a tool for promoting territorial equity.Ítem Estudio de viabilidad en la delimitación de coberturas con imágenes satelitales mediante el modelo Segment Anything: Comparación con la metodología CORINE Land Cover en el municipio de Guatavita(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Florez Macias, Cristian Stiven; Escobar Eslava, Sergio Andres; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo César; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo César [0000-0003-2980-2376]This research evaluates the viability of using the open-source tool SAM to delimit land cover at the municipal level in Guatavita, Cundinamarca, by assessing its performance against cartography generated using the CLC methodology for Colombia in 2018. Sentinel-2 satellite images with an L2A processing level, captured in 2018, were used as inputs. A set of tiles was constructed for each satellite image, along with its respective CLC reference. The methodology consisted of selecting and cropping the image according to the study area, executing SAM in automatic mode using the SamGeo package, and using the IoU, Dice, TPR, FPR, and pixel accuracy validation metrics, as well as guided instructions (points, boxes, and text). Results showed better performance on water surfaces (IoU: 0.72; Dice: 0.80), followed by agricultural areas (IoU: 0.41; Dice: 0.50), and forests/semi-natural areas (IoU: 0.37; Dice: 0.42). Performance was lowest on artificial areas (IoU: 0.25; Dice: 0.33). In this study, spatial instructions outperformed text and automatic mode. SAM is not viable under the automatic method. However, it showed great potential with georeferenced instructions, such as points and boxes. Further fine-tuning and evaluation of its use as support in supervised segmentation tasks is recommended.Ítem Estimación de precios hedónicos de arrendamiento para apartamentos administrados por la sociedad de activos especiales (SAE) en estratos socioeconómicos 4, 5 y 6 ubicados en la localidad de Usaquén, Bogotá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Ruiz Rocha, Maria Camila; Vergara Hincapié, Jaime; Vergara Hincapié Jaime [0000-0003-4734-9245]This study was conducted as part of an internship at the Special Assets Society (SAE), an entity responsible for the administration and management of real estate with economic and social purposes. The main objective of this research is to estimate the rental value of apartments located in the Usaquén neighborhood (Bogotá D.C.) by applying a hedonic pricing model, incorporating spatial econometric techniques to identify the influence of physical and location attributes on rental value. To build the database, web scraping techniques were implemented to collect information on the real estate market, which was then georeferenced and supplemented with spatial layers (shapefiles) that allowed for the integration of variables related to the urban environment, accessibility, and service provision. Initially, a multiple linear regression model (OLS) was estimated to establish a baseline, and then different spatial regression models (SAR, SEM, SDM, SARAR, and GNS) were evaluated, finally selecting the general spatial nesting model (GNS) for its better fit and explanatory power in the face of the spatial autocorrelation detected in the residuals. Finally, a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model was applied to identify the spatial variability of local coefficients and understand the spatial heterogeneity of the rental market in the study area.Ítem Propuesta metodológica basada en regresión espacial kriging para estimar el valor por metro cuadrado de área privada en apartamentos sometidos a propiedad horizontal con fines de avalúo hipotecario (2023– 2025): Caso UPL Britalia, Bogotá D.C.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Huaman Pineda, Meylin Sofia; Forero Silva, Kevin Santiago; Melo Martinez, Carlos Eduardo; Melo Martinez, Carlos Eduardo [0000-0002-5598-1913]This project proposes a methodological approach for estimating the square meter value of private area in apartments under condominium ownership, focusing on the Local Planning Unit (UPL) Britalia in Bogotá D.C. during the 2023–2025 period. The proposal arises from the need to overcome the limitations of traditional urban valuation methods, which often rely on direct comparisons or zonal averages that fail to adequately capture spatial heterogeneity and contextual conditions influencing real estate market behavior. To address this, a georeferenced database is constructed by integrating technical appraisal records from the study period with real estate listings systematically collected through web scraping from specialized portals, ensuring a consistent and up-to-date input for analysis. On this basis, regression models and spatial econometrics are applied to evaluate the impact of physical, socioeconomic, and territorial variables on unit values. Additionally, geostatistical techniques, particularly residual kriging, are considered to capture spatial dependence not explained by econometric models, allowing the generation of estimation surfaces and cartographic representations consistent with the territorial distribution of property values. The outcomes of this approach are projected as a replicable methodological tool that broadens the technical alternatives available for urban valuation, supporting the validation of appraisals, the interpretation of spatial market structures, and the strengthening of traceability in real estate management processes. Furthermore, the scalable nature of the methodology opens the possibility of adapting it to other urban contexts characterized by high heterogeneity and partial data availability, provided that georeferenced information is available to support model structuring.Ítem Sistema Integrado de Información Catastral para los Proyectos de “Catastro de Infraestructura y Saneamiento de los bienes inmuebles con Depósitos Judiciales de Ecopetrol”(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Muñoz Marroquin , Noath Mateo; Fernández Castiblanco , Fabián Andrés; Torres Colmenares , Oscar FernandoCadastral management in Colombia has significantly evolved with the implementation of the Multipurpose Cadastre, promoting more efficient processes and better-informed decision making. In this context, Ecopetrol S.A. faces major challenges related to the administration of cadastral information for its real estate assets, particularly those associated with judicial deposits, due to the lack of standardization and organization in existing records.To improve the quality, accuracy, and availability of this information, the development of the Integrated Cadastral Information System (SIICA) is proposed. SIICA is a geovisualization tool that combines a desktop application for managing alphanumeric and spatial databases with a web interface focused on the visualization and validation of cadastral data. The system has been designed in collaboration with the contractor company INGICAT S.A.S., which specializes in land and cadastral management.As a case study, the municipality of Tibú was selected, a region of particular interest to Ecopetrol due to its high concentration of judicial proceedings involving real estate. The development of SIICA not only aims to address current issues in the administration of these assets but also proposes a replicable technological solution with highpotential to impact cadastral modernization and infrastructure management at the national levelÍtem Análisis exploratorio de Patrones Puntuales para la identificación de la vulnerabilidad sísmica en el departamento del Quindío - Colombia entre los años 1993 a 2023(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Torres Bernal, Angie Lorena; Cota Torres, David Nicolás; Cárdenas Contreras, Andrés; Cárdenas Contreras, Andrés [0000-0002-6033-4331]This document presents an exploratory analysis of spatial point patterns, which allows examining seismic vulnerability in the department of Quindío between 1993 and 2023. This was made possible through the seismic catalogs of the Colombian Geological Service (SGC) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS), in which more than 1,300 recorded seismic events were analyzed using geostatistical and geospatial techniques. The methodology included data cleaning, descriptive analysis, cartographic visualization produced by the authors, and point pattern estimation through Kernel Density calculation, Ripley’s K-function, among others. The results show that seismicity in the department does not follow a random distribution; rather, it occurs in clustered patterns associated with active faults such as those of the Romeral System and the Armenia fault. The analysis revealed that most earthquakes were shallow and of low magnitude, with some exceptions such as the January 1999 event, which highlights the high seismic vulnerability of the territory. These findings demonstrate the great importance of integrating geostatistical tools and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) into risk management, as they provide essential information and inputs for planning aimed at prevention and resilience in each municipality of this departmentÍtem Modelo de análisis de expansión urbana con software libre: caso de estudio con la extensión molusce de Qgis e imágenes satelitales de la regisión de los cerros orientales de la localidad de Usaquén(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) López Correa, Julián Santiago; Muñoz Rueda, Ludy Gabriela; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo César; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo César [0000-0003-2980-2376]This project presents a model that allows for the analysis and prediction of urban growth using open-source software tools, specifically the MOLUSCE plugin for the QGIS system, applied to the Usaquén district in Bogotá, D.C. Based on satellite images taken between 2017 and 2020, and with the support of Artificial Neural Networks and Cellular Automata, a model was built capable of recognizing real patterns of urban growth and projecting how the territory might continue to transform by 2023. The model identifies areas where urbanization is most likely to expand and analyzes how these transformations relate to social and environmental issues, such as inequality in access to services, pressure on protected areas, and the guidelines of the Territorial Planning Plan (Decree 555 of 2021). In this way, the simulation becomes a tool that helps anticipate problems and support more informed decisions regarding land use and territorial planning.Ítem Plataforma tecnológica de visualización y recolección de datos geográficos para la toma de decisiones en la gestión territorial(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Arias Torres, Paula; Rodríguez Martínez, Camila; Ávila Ángulo, Miguel Antonio; Fajardo Tapias, Carlos; Ávila Ángulo, Miguel Antonio [0000-0002-9104-0280]The purpose of this project is the development and implementation of an application for the capture, management and analysis of geographic data, integrated into the institutional geovisor of the company CTGlobal. This tool responds to the urgent need to optimize territorial management in Colombian municipalities, through the strengthening of spatial data infrastructures aligned with the country's normative frameworks, especially Resolution ANM 371 of 2024. The application was designed based on a modular architecture with open source technologies, using PostgreSQL, Node.js, Prisma ORM and JWT, and structured in methodological phases that allow for bringability, scalability and continued validation. The functionalities range from the configuration of the environment to the implementation of security, authentication, dynamic forms, CRUD operations and report generation. The system guarantees interoperability, version control and secure storage, and represents a replicable solution that contributes to informed decision making, operational efficiency, institutional transparency and regulatory compliance in mining supervision and territorial administration.Ítem Determinación de zonas homogéneas físicas y geoeconómicas para la prefactibilidad del tramo Soacha-Tocancipá de la conexión férrea entre la región metropolitana Bogotá - Cundinamarca y el corredor férreo central(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Palencia González, María Isabel; Del Rio Ariza, Jenny Alejandra; Ávila Angulo, Miguel Antonio; Ávila Angulo, Miguel Antonio [0000-0002-9104-0280]; García Barreto, Germán Alberto (Catalogador)This paper presents the study for determining Physical and Geoeconomic Homogeneous Zones (PHZ-HZ) for the pre-feasibility of the Soacha–Tocancipá railway section, within the framework of the project to connect the Bogotá–Cundinamarca Metropolitan Region and the Central Railway Corridor. Using the IGAC methodology, the physical, regulatory, and economic conditions of the territory were analyzed to establish unit land values and characterize its potential for structuring the railway corridor. The study integrates territorial diagnosis, real estate market analysis, and the generation of thematic maps, providing technical input for decision-making in land acquisition processes and railway transport planning.Ítem Implementación del estudio de zonas homogéneas geoeconómicas para la estimación de valores de referencia predial en el proyecto del consorcio PYE corredor férreo central, tramo La Dorada – Coello(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Piña Gonzalez, Diego alejandro; Ramírez Ramos , Carlos German; García Barreto, Germán Alberto (Catalogador)This document corresponds to the implementation of the study of homogeneous geoeconomic zones for the estimation of property reference values in the La Dorada section – Coello section of the central railway corridor, which was developed during the consulting contract of the PYE Central Railway Corridor Consortium, which sought to determine the property reference values in the areas required for the construction of the project works in the municipalities of La Dorada, Honda, Mariquita, Armero, Ambalema, Venadillo, Alvarado, Piedras, and Coello, through the application of Physical Homogeneous Zones (ZHF) and Geoeconomic Homogeneous Zones (ZHG) using IGAC methodology and ANI guidelines, integrating physical variables, land use, road infrastructure, and real estate market conditions. Based on field data collection and analysis of supply data and commercial appraisals, unit land values were established to serve as a reference for the project's propertyÍtem Modelo de unidades operativas para analizar la accesibilidad territorial en zonas de conflicto: el caso de San Jacinto, Bolívar(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) González Orjuela , María Alejandra; Diaz Sierra, Karen Sofia; Rojas Jiménez, Cesar Augusto; Rojas Jiménez, Cesar Augusto [0000-0001-8955-7427]The armed conflict has affected the territorial development of the municipality of San Jacinto, Bolívar. Security restrictions, lack of road infrastructure, environmental conditions, topography, and social situations have limited accessibility and planning in the municipality. These conditions have generated inequalities in access to goods and services, which has hindered the processes of organization and use of the territory. To address these issues, a territorial analysis model was developed based on operational units that evaluate geographical accessibility by integrating physical, social, environmental, and security variables in a Geographic Information Systems environment. Multi-criteria analysis techniques were used to construct the model, which involved assigning weights to each variable, taking into account its influence on accessibility to the territory, and processing this data using raster analysis, which allowed for a spatial representation of the information. During the development of the project, various challenges were identified related to the availability, updating, and timeliness of data, mainly in the security layers and the rural property structure layer of the municipality. However, the results obtained made it possible to generate a map of operational units, classifying the territory according to the level of difficulty of access, showing that the greatest restrictions are concentrated in areas with unstable security conditions, areas with steep topography, and low road density. The results obtained confirm the usefulness of multi criteria analysis as a tool for territorial management in post-conflict areas, as it serves as a technical input for the formulation of public policies based on prioritizing investments or areas of intervention.Ítem Exploración de las capacidades del modelo Segment Anything Model v2 (SAM 2) para la segmentación de fachadas en el entorno urbano de Bogotá a partir de imágenes de Google Street View(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Pantano Mojica, Juan David; Acuña Valderrama, Sergio Stiven; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo Cesar; Coronado Sánchez, Paulo Cesar [0000-0003-2980-2376]This undergraduate project addresses the problem of cadastral obsolescence in Colombia and its impact on urban planning, tax equity, and territorial management. Within this framework, it explores the capabilities of the foundation model Segment Anything Model v2 (SAM-2) for the automatic segmentation of urban façades using Google Street View imagery, considering façades as key elements in the estimation of real estate market value. The methodological approach included two phases: binary segmentation (façade vs. non-façade) and multiclass segmentation (façade, doors, windows, and meters), assessed through quantitative metrics such as IoU, Dice, precision, recall, and accuracy, complemented with qualitative expert validation. Results show that SAM-2 performs well in general façade identification, although it faces limitations with small or less represented elements in the images. The study concludes that foundation computer vision models provide valuable support for mass appraisal processes within the Multipurpose Cadastre framework, enhancing objectivity, scalability, and cost-efficiency in data collection. Finally, recommendations and future research lines are proposed, aiming to scale these techniques towards material classification, conservation state analysis, and the extraction of geometric metrics relevant for property valuation.Ítem Asistencia al análisis y vigilancia fiscal de los procesos catastrales con criterio multifinalitario para la U.A.E.C.D.- de las auditorías de la Contraloría de Bogotá 2025(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Afanador Bolívar, Daniel Alejandro; Ruiz Guzmán, Andrés Felipe; Ramírez Ramos, Carlos Germán; Sánchez Gaitán , ÓscarThis document presents the results of an academic internship conducted at the Bogotá Comptroller’s Office in 2025, aimed at supporting the fiscal oversight of cadastral processes carried out by the Special Administrative Unit of District Cadastre (U.A.E.C.D.). The internship focused on ensuring the proper management of public resources and the accuracy of cadastral information, which serves as the basis for territorial planning and the taxation of real estate in Bogotá. The work involved contractual review, assessment of technical cadastral procedures, and analysis of integrated cadastral databases. The findings revealed significant weaknesses, including limited system interoperability, inaccurate property valuation, lack of quality control mechanisms, and insufficient risk management—especially concerning failures in technological infrastructure and cartographic errors affecting land classification. These issues resulted in administrative findings, potential disciplinary or criminal implications, and substantial financial losses for the District. The internship contributed to the formulation of improvement strategies and highlighted the relevance of cadastral engineering in fiscal oversight. The study concludes that strengthening internal processes, improving information quality, and enhancing technical planning in U.A.E.C.D. are essential to reinforce transparency, efficiency, and tax equity in Bogotá.Ítem Determinación de asentamientos informales en zonas de alta vulnerabilidad por movimientos de remoción en masa en la localidad de Ciudad Bolivar mediante un modelo de inteligencia artificialMasciullo Rubiano, Caterina; Reina Nossa, Jhoseph Manuel; Rocha Salamanca, Luz Angela; Rocha Salamanca Luz Angela [0000-0001-5274-4819]The current research aims to locate buildings located in areas with a high probability of landslides in Ciudad Bolívar, Bogotá, using artificial intelligence and Geographic Information Systems methodologies. This study was initiated as a response to the growing proliferation of informal housing in at-risk areas, a phenomenon that has complicated rapid government intervention due to the lack of formal records. To address this problem, two automated building detection models were developed and compared: one trained with local orthoimages and another pre-trained model from ESRI, called Building Footprints USA. Both models were applied to a high-resolution orthomosaic obtained by drone and analyzed based on their detection effectiveness and geographic coverage. The findings showed that the pre-trained model performed remarkably well, identifying 2,396 buildings, compared to the 464 recognized by the local model, which led to its incorporation into an automated geoprocessing workflow in ModelBuilder. Through the spatial superposition of the structures found and the official landslide risk map (Decree 555 of 2021), homes located in high-risk areas are identified. These results provide essential information for decision-making in urban risk management and territorial planning, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals, especially Goals 1, 3, 11, and 13. Furthermore, this research seeks to demonstrate the integration of artificial intelligence in today's world, which has enabled significant reductions in the time and resources required to identify informal settlements, highlighting the potential of these technologies in vulnerable urban environments. As a result of this research, a map of informal settlements in the study area was obtained, which seeks to guide decision-making through the created model, facilitating the capture of said settlements, which, being in a high-risk zone for mass displacement, represent a danger to the human lives that live there. It must be a priority for the entities in charge to protect those lives and guarantee the well-being of all families.