Especialización en Avalúos
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Ítem Determinación de la minusvalía por ausencia de aplicación de instrumentos de planificación para el predio el Vergel con No. MI 236-37330 ubicado en zona expansión urbana del municipio de Granada MetaCasas Palacios, Jurany Alejandra; Duarte Ceballos, Lina María; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoIn the present work, a research problem focused on determining the value of Initial land for the El Vergel property before the illegal intervention; due to permitted action by the regulatory entity of the municipality, consequence of its lack of action and control over the use correct soil in accordance with the current regulations of the Land Management Plan. Currently, in order to legalize this action, a change was made in the land classification according to the Land Management Plan, calling it urban expansion; for the Therefore, it seeks to carry out a potential appraisal simulation to determine the possible development urban area of the property in question with the application of all the parameters of the standard, in order to establish the value of disability for the municipality, that is; the money foregone by not Use planning tools.Ítem Apoyo y soporte para la elaboración de avalúo de ascensores en conjuntos de propiedad horizontalContreras Robles, Julio Nelson; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThe elevator is an important means of transportation today designed to the movement of objects and people, this means of transportation is used in vertical transport. Elevators or elevators are made up of the following parts: Speed governor Electric motor Elevator rails Cabin Shock-absorbing doors Safety device In addition to the above, the elevator or elevator must be evaluated three factors essentials, which are speed, capacity and stops that clearly mark the size and in itself the price to be determined. The maintenance of elevators or elevators is subject to compliance with the Colombian regulations NTC 5926-1 Thus, to determine the value of an elevator, its characteristics must be taken into account. components the variables of speed, capacity, stops and finally the preventive and correctiveÍtem Guia técnica para avaluadores que incursionan en ventas inmobiliariasAlonso Perez, Fernando; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThis text aims to guide in Sales Technique and Real Estate Business Closing to Professional Men and Women in Appraisals as a complement to their important role in the Real Estate Market. There are marked differences and many similarities between the profession developed by a Real Estate Consultant and a Real Estate Appraiser, so much so that these players in the Real Estate market due to their skills are sometimes confused and sometimes they themselves tend to merge. In such a way that who is an Appraiser would like to venture later as a Real Estate Advisor or Real Estate Agent and who is a Real Estate Advisor would like to deepen their knowledge of the market by becoming a Real Estate Appraiser or Appraiser.Ítem Avalúo de referencia de terreno en el centro poblado Alto del Trigo - Guaduas CundinamarcaManrique Pardo, Juan Carlos; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThe announcement of projects, plans, programmes or works by governmental entities tends to have an impact on the value of real estate, which can be favourable or unfavourable. When it is favourable, it means that the value of the land is increased more than significantly with respect to the normal increase in value, generating an extraordinary benefit for the owners, which would have to be a generating fact for most of the benefit to be returned to the State. When it is unfavourable, what occurs is the impairment of the value of the land, with possible damages that are contrary to the dominion, use and enjoyment of private property, in which case it is up to the owner to yield to the reasons of public utility and/or social interest, having to repair the damage or damages caused by a fair and comprehensive compensation in favour of the owner or those affected. Therefore, reference appraisals are the tool that provides equity in the face of the favourable or unfavourable effects of the announcement of projects, plans, programmes or works by government entities. As an application of the reference appraisals, the case of the suburban village of “Alto del Trigo”, located on national road 5008 between PR50+180 and PR50+850, in the municipality of Guaduas Cundinamarca, was used.Ítem Tipificación y análisis de viviendas indígenas de las etnias, Arhuacos y Wiwas ubicadas en los municipios de Pueblo Bello y Valledupar departamentos del Cesar para determinar estimados de valores unitarios de construcciónJiménez Vargas, Jorge Eliecer; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThe following work talks about the context of heterogeneity characteristic of the analysis of dwellings and allows recognizing that this topic is intricate, so its understanding requires a transdisciplinary perspective which, for the purposes of this research, will make possible the typification of the indigenous dwellings of the Arhuacas and Wiwas ethnic groups and the way their different cosmovisions influence the definition, characteristics and particularities of their construction system.Ítem Aplicativo web para la administración, gestión y publicación de las ofertas de mercado en la función valuatoria de inmuebles urbanosCardozo Nuñez, Luis Carlos; Acuña, HernandoThe following work develops and makes available to the appraisers a technological tool that allows to have an administration and management of the offers used in the market methodology, which are found in the field work and are a fundamental source for the development of the appraisal profession. One of the main characteristics of this development is to be able to make that from the web the appraiser can store the data found in the field and generating a first impression of the quality of these, making a work allows to speed up the office work at the time of making the corresponding statistical treatment in order to find a market value that is according to reality. For this purpose, a dashboard type web application is presented in which the user, after registration and confirmation, can visualize the stored records and their geographic location on a web map. The technologies proposed for this development are the MERN stack, which is a combination of technologies widely used for web development. Each letter of the MERN acronym represents a specific technology, MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js, the MERN stack offers a complete solution for modern web development. MongoDB provides a flexible and scalable database, Express.js allows you to build APIs and handle HTTP requests, React facilitates the creation of interactive user interfaces and Node.js is the runtime environment that ties the entire stack together on the server side, By combining these technologies, you can create complete web applications with a component-based architecture, efficient communication between the frontend and backend, and a seamless user experience.Ítem Desarrollo de zonas homogéneas físicas y zonas homogéneas geoeconómicas en el municipio de Fuentedeoro- Meta, implementado el proceso analítico jerárquico (AHP)López Salazar, Cristhian Camilo; Silva Matiz, Nicolás; Pérez Carvajal, Edwin RobertThe present work aims to study, analyze and apply the technical procedures to update the Physical Homogeneous Zones and elaborate the Geoeconomic Homogeneous Zones in the Municipality of Fuentedeoro, located in the department of Meta (Parra Pérez et al.,2019). The above, in order to provide a base information at the time of the realization of the valuation reports by the appraisers of the area and the region; these zones would be carried out in the second half of the year 2023, considering variables such as: land use regulations, current uses, among others. For this purpose, all the normative and technical procedures will be applied as set forth in the methodology used by the Agustín Codazzi Geographic Institute, which is regulated under the technical parameters for this type of mass appraisal. It should be emphasized that the study and elaboration of the Physical Homogeneous Zones (ZHF) and Geoeconomic Zones (ZHG) is performed in the areas of property intervention, to define sectors of similar commercial value and with them determine the unit values of the land areas, these values will be taken as a reference to make a budget projection in the acquisition of the land areas required in the development of the Municipality.Ítem Cálculo indemnizatorio por consolidación de servidumbre de tránsitoLozano Marroquin, Gina de los Angeles; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoIn terms of real right, as defined in the Colombian Civil Code, easements represent a limitation to the ownership of a property, where obligations and restrictions are imposed for the benefit of another property, called "dominant". However, the imposition of an easement may hurt the servient estate. In this document, we will develop the procedure and analysis for the determination of the compensation for the consolidation of a transit easement in a rural property located in the municipality of Guaduas in the department of Cundinamarca, following the provisions of Article 14 of Decree 1092 of 2022, which stipulates the procedure for the determination of the value for each unit of compensation area for overhead infrastructure partially affected by specialized calculations, from which an analogy will be made to be applied in transit easements and the contents of Resolution 620 of 2008. In Colombia most of the easements in the rural territory of the country are de facto, which means that there is no legal instrument to establish and regulate the access through the servient estates; this implies conflicts in the use and tenure of the land. Legality allows the creation of a legal instrument that authorizes access through private property, limits use and prevents the modification of the easement strip.Ítem Estudio multitemporal de la dinámica inmobiliaria de predios comerciales en el sector de Veracruz de la localidad de Santa Fe, Bogotá D.C. (2017-2023)Escobar Marquez, Viviana Andrea; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoIt corresponds to a technical report that allows us to analyze the behavior of the sales prices of commercial premises and offices in the Veracruz sector in Santa Fe, during the period from 2017 to 2023. It seeks to provide confidence and security about the commercial panorama of the sector to future investors in the capital. It is noted that this historically important sector has experienced a significant decrease in commercial values, which motivates the need for a detailed study to understand the reasons behind this phenomenon, especially considering the development of residential projects in the area.Ítem Análisis de algoritmos de inteligencia artificial para la determinación del avalúo catastral en inmuebles rurales agrícolas mayores a 1 hectárea del municipio de la Peña - CundinamarcaHernández Parrado, Carlos Adrián; Dávila Martínez, Juan Pablo; Pérez Carvajal, Edwin Robert; Torres Colmenares, OscarThis article, aimed at obtaining the title of Specialist in Appraisals with a Rural Approach, focused on the investigation of cadastral valuation processes through the implementation of key variables and artificial intelligence algorithms. Through an exhaustive analysis, various variables that affect the determination of appraisals for rural real estate in the municipality of La Peña - Cundinamarca were explored. The results revealed that the inclusion of a broad set of variables, such as geographical location, land size, type of right over the property, among others, was essential to improve the accuracy of the prediction models. Particularly, the RANDOM FOREST model stood out as the most robust, yielding favorable results in the tests carried out. The ability of this algorithm to handle different situations and data sets suggests that it is a valuable tool for cadastral valuation. In addition, the importance of the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in cadastral update processes was highlighted, highlighting the opportunity to optimize the automation of the valuation of rural real estate. These findings not only contribute as degree work, but can also have significant implications for the development of the country. The modernization of cadastral valuation processes through the integration of technologies can represent a before and after in the current work, it also lays the foundations for a more solid and updated framework in the valuation field. The research and application of these methods not only benefit the work of appraisal specialists, but also support the progress and competitiveness of the country in the economic and territorial context.Ítem Valoración del cultivo de pera variedad triunfo de Viena (Pyrus communis) en el municipio de Nuevo Colón-BoyacáMontaña, Jorge Armando; Benavides Cuta, Diego Fernando; Torres Colmenares, Oscar FernandoThis study addressed the collection of statistical and financial data related to the cultivation of Triumph of Vienna pear variety in the municipality of Nuevo Colón, Boyacá. The information included aspects such as crop establishment, maintenance expenses, harvest yields, inputs used, and total production obtained. Additionally, a detailed analysis of the environmental and soil factors influencing crop production was conducted, focusing particularly on climatic conditions and soil quality in the specific study location. In terms of economic valuation, a rent analysis was employed to determine the value of the crop. This analysis evaluated various economic aspects related to the income and costs associated with Triumph of Vienna pear cultivation in the studied region. Furthermore, a specific analysis of the crop's value on a particular property within the municipality was carried out, allowing for a more precise understanding of the crop's economic impact in that specific area.Ítem Determinación de lucro cesante en la indemnización por daños de semovientes para cría en el sector petroleroSierra Ramírez, José David; Sossa Rodríguez, Meybes Diana; Torres Colmenares, Oscar FernandoThis work seeks to propose a tool to determine the correct liquidation of the loss of profit of the livestock to be compensated, taking into account the characteristics of the animal and its environment, so that the payments for damages and loss of profit are fixed in the fairest way for both parties. The results of this work will provide greater rigor and homogeneity in the appraisal of these values, so that they coincide with the real situation in the area where the incident occurred.Ítem Elaboración de zonas homogéneas físicas rurales por medio de inteligencia artificial en la vereda El Carmelo, corregimiento San Cristobal, Medellín AntioquiaCantor Vija, Natalia; Bernal López, Natalia; Pérez Carvajal, Edwin RobertThe following document focuses on the implementation of artificial intelligence using the Random Forest algorithm through code in RStudio for the creation of Rural Physically Homogeneous Zones. Firstly, with the help of the Medellin Geoportal page, the database containing the 15 digits composing the zones of El Carmelo rural area was collected. Once the 15 digits have been concatenated, the algorithm construction begins. Subsequently, after adjustments and validations are made, the classifications produced by the program are compared with those of the web portal to determine the accuracy of the model in reflecting reality. This is done to ascertain whether it is a viable option in terms of time, money, and resources for generating Rural Physically Homogeneous Zones.Ítem QField como herramienta para facilitar el cálculo del costo de reposición a nuevo de construcciones rurales en el municipio de Fusagasugá - Cundinamarca empleando tipologías constructivasMoreno Aponte, Mateo; González Rodríguez, Laura Camila; Pérez Carvajal, Edwin RobertCartography has undergone a significant digital transformation, impacting communication and various sectors. Analog limitations in map creation have been replaced by advanced technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) like QGIS and tools like QField for streamlined fieldwork. Ongoing research focuses on creating a user-friendly form in QField to efficiently collect and analyze construction data in rural areas, particularly in Fusagasugá. This initiative supports on-site valuation, contributing to improved territorial management and socio-economic development. The work highlights the transformative potential of GIS in enhancing decision-making and fostering growth.Ítem Procedimiento para la valoración de bienes comunes de propiedad horizontal para seguros de incendio y terremoto en edificios de 5 pisos en estrato 5 en el sector de Nicolás de Federman de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.Rico Montañez, Julian David; Ceballos Ceballos, Oscar Javier; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThis research work establishes the procedures for the valuation of common areas of five-story buildings in stratum 5 of the city of Bogotá D.C., specifically in the Nicolás de Federman neighborhood, with the aim of obtaining relevant and coherent information for the owners. , co-ownership administrators and insurers. The method established for the valuation of the reconstruction of common goods is based on the replacement cost without depreciation, it is the method that seeks to establish the commercial value of a good from estimating the total cost of construction with today's prices, without depreciation, since the value to be insured is that of a new construction in the event of an accident such as an earthquake or fire. For the application of the procedures, the horizontal property Balcones de Federman located in the Nicolas de Federman neighborhood of the city of Bogotá D.C. is taken as a sample, which is in stratum five because the finishes and finishes have special characteristics and require a punctual procedure.Ítem Cálculo de presupuestos estimativos para las áreas estándar que componen los establecimientos de hoteleríaMontaña Betancourt, Jair Arturo; Acuña, HernandoThe objective is to develop a parameterized office automation tool that allows calculating estimated budgets for the areas that make up a hotel, taking into account the standard of each one of them, to generate a correct real estate appraisal. This means that by being able to correctly assess the elements that make up the hotel, the appraisal will be more accurate and thereby ensures the transparency of the negotiations that derive from it. Its development is part of the analysis process on the applications and instruments from which the calculation processes of approximate work budgets are carried out for the basic areas of the hotels, in such a way that the development of an office automation tool that facilitates these calculations and improve the times and precision with which these budgets are estimated and executed. In this sense, the study focuses on analyzing a series of reference budgets for these standard areas at the national level, making calculations from these references based on construction standards, parameterizing an office tool using Microsoft Office Excel, verifying the calculated budgets against to the references and apply the residual methodology for the elaboration of an appraisal of the hotel establishment. This from a proposal for quantitative and qualitative analysis located within the framework of an analytical and descriptive methodology applied to research that provides for the development of technological devices that support the appraisal process. In this way, for the application of the technological tool from the office suite, the general document is designed using the Microsoft Excel program, being formulated in accordance with the need chosen by the standards of the hotels to be referenced, specifying that the Sonesta brands, Collection, Sheraton, were chosen as the object of study, for which, the calculation processes of approximate work budgets are carried out for the basic areas of the hotels, under parameters of construction typology areas, two analyzes are carried out: Analysis 1: The three related brands are calculated, from the initial phase of construction: Hotel Brand (Hotel brand, type of building, city, year and TRM) and Operation Data (King Room, Twin Room, Club Suite Room, Junior Suite Room, Meeting rooms and hotel equipment) and Analysis 2: The conditions of the built building of the three selected brands are analyzed: Parameter (Hotel brand, type of building) ion, city, year and TRM) and operation data (Building construction area and direct cost Hotel M2 construction area), in order to incorporate these quantifications into the model and carry out the calculation, according to the variable of each hotel brand, yielding results for each model, therefore, it is concluded that there is a variation for each hotel standard, according to the brand parameters of each hotel, city, type of room, number of rooms and additional support areas: lounges, among others. . Similarly, an increase in the cost of construction of the Sonesta brand over GHL Collection of 10% and 13% of Sheraton over the GHL Collection brand is identified; that is, there is a variation in construction cost according to the brand, given this, the cost of construction cannot be unified or generalized for different hotel brands. Finally, when developing the office automation tool, the parameterization that allows calculating estimated budgets for the areas that make up the hotels under study is established, taking into account the standard of each one of them, generating a correct real estate appraisal.Ítem Análisis del valor del suelo del Plan Parcial Algarra en el municipio de ZipaquiráLeón Gómez, Nelson Esteban; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThe analysis of the value of the land in the Algarra Partial Plan in the municipality of Zipaquirá is carried out, taking as a reference the appraisal before and after the surplus value, in order to establish land values for the following years up to the present. For this, the calculation of the values that the land can offer from its POT normative part and the possible constructions that generate salable units within urban projects are carried out.Ítem Análisis del valor del suelo y valores integrales de construcción mediante la elaboración de Zonas Homogéneas Físicas y Geoeconómicas en la anterior UPZ 72 – Bolivia, hoy parte de la UPL 10 - EngativáPuerto Mahecha, Liliana Andrea; Sequera, Miguel Ángel; Acuña, HernandoThe locality of Engativá (10) located in the UPZ 72 Bolivia, today is part of the new UPL 10 Engativá (Ordinance Plan 555 of 2021), is formed by the neighborhoods El Cortijo, Ciudadela Colsubsidio, Bolivia, Bochica and Compartir. It is characterized for being a locality that houses a large number of inhabitants, is in consolidation treatment and most of the sector is in horizontal property, so this work is intended to make an analysis of the economic behavior of the properties located in the UPZ 72 through the application and development of physical and geoeconomic homogeneous zones, following the guidelines of the IGAC (Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi), the methodologies proposed by Resolution 620 of 2008 and all this under the parameters of the new POT of Bogota decree 555 of 2021; The above in order to obtain reference values of the area for possible appraisals developed under the framework of Law 388 of 1997.Ítem Validación y análisis del uso del método Gradient Boosting en la estimación del valor de terreno para predios con áreas superiores a una (1) hectárea, en zona rural del municipio La Mesa, CundinamarcaMendoza Cañon, Angie Shirley; Rodríguez León, Kevin Santiago; Perez Carvajal, Edwin RobertThe study entitled "Validation and analysis of the use of the Gradient Boosting method in the estimation of land value for properties with areas greater than one (1) hectare, in rural area of La Mesa municipality, Cundinamarca" focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the Gradient Boosting method in the estimation of land value in rural areas for properties with agricultural characteristics. The Gradient Boosting method is a machine learning technique that has proven to be effective in solving complex problems in various fields, including the estimation of real estate value. The work was developed from information obtained from the La Mesa municipality, Cundinamarca and focused on properties with areas greater than one hectare. Based on the available information, some variables were defined that formed the model, including: water availability, road influence, economic destination, class of homogeneous land area, land area, slope, climate unit, potential value and agricultural class. The Gradient Boosting method was applied using the R studio software to this data to estimate the land value of these properties and was compared to the actual values. The results of the study showed that the Gradient Boosting method is an effective tool for the estimation of land value in rural areas, with high accuracy in estimation. Additionally, the variables that have a significant impact on the value of agricultural properties were identified.Ítem Elaboración de las zonas homogéneas físicas y obtención del valor de las zonas económicas propiedad horizontal residencial en la Unidad de Planeamiento Zonal N° 109 Ciudad Salitre OrientalGonzáles Camacho, Duván Alejandro; Soto Castro, María Liliana; Acuña Carvajal, HernandoThe objective of this degree work is to apply the concepts acquired in the Appraisal Specialization in terms of appraisal, cadastre and geographic information systems GIS methodologies, Taking as an appraisal reference the provisions of resolution 620 of September 23, 2008, which establishes the procedures for appraisals ordered within the framework of Law 388 of 1997 with regard to the incorporation of specific regulatory policies and mechanisms. of the land market and the increase in the price of land generated by the urban development processes given the need of the communities and the incorporation of new regulations according to the current regulations. Our study focused on UPZ 109, as it is an urban development that was projected to be a center of great agglomeration, with a population stratified at level 4 and 5, in addition to two low-income housing projects. Today it is a highly valued sector, with a great offer of commercial services, with institutional or government services, a five-star hotel sector, with shopping centers for consumers and a minimum purchasing level, preferably corresponding to stratum four and five. For the planning of UPZ 109 and to solve the problems of the city, Decree 324 of October 11, 2004 was issued, where it can be seen that it is the most effective way that the District Administration has found to issue decrees, where the city is organized by urban sectors to be developed; administrative mechanism that gives continuity to the development of the city, tied to an Authorization in the law that is given to the Mayor and that can sometimes be a little detrimental by not generating a "Culture of Planning", pg. 21 (José, 2018) as a system that contains a common thread and that is based on achieving development as a country.