Ingeniería Civil

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/1911

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Mostrando 1 - 20 de 297

Desarrollo de un sistema inteligente de aforo vehicular en tiempo real mediante reconocimiento de imágenes y redes neuronales
Bravo Vallejos, Pedro Fernando; Sánchez Castellanos, Brandon Giovanny; Ladino Moreno, Edgar Orlando; Ladino Moreno, Edgar Orlando [0000-0002-7770-452X]
The acquisition of precise real-time vehicle flow data is essential for the management and optimization of transportation networks. Current methods in Bogotá, such as manual counting and fixed sensors, have significant limitations in coverage and accuracy. This project addresses these challenges by developing an intelligent real-time vehicle counting system using convolutional neural networks and computer vision. Utilizing the YOLOv8n model, vehicles were detected and classified into three categories: cars, motorcycles, and buses/trucks. High-resolution videos were captured at a strategic point in Bogotá, and the images were processed to train the model. Data processing techniques included labeling, augmentation, and normalization of images. Evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, mAP, F1 Score, and confusion matrix analysis demonstrated the model's high effectiveness in vehicle detection. Additionally, processing speeds and system efficiency, crucial for real-time applications, were discussed. The results show a high level of precision and recall, suggesting the system's feasibility for implementation in urban traffic management. This enhances traffic planning, reduces travel times and emissions, and provides reliable data for mobility decision-making.
Evaluación del comportamiento físico-mecánico de una mezcla asfáltica densa en caliente (MDC - 19) sustituyendo el llenante mineral con material seleccionado de barrido de calle
Martin Galeano, Jean Carlos; Ruiz Combita, Kely Tatiana; Sánchez Cotte, Edgar Humberto; Zambrano Urbano, Harold León; Sánchez Cotte, Edgar Humberto [0000-0001-7370-8745]; Zambrano Urbano, Harold León [0000-0002-7395-2286]
This research analyzes the physical-mechanical behavior of a hot-mix dense asphalt mixture (MDC-19), partially or totally replacing the mineral filler with street sweeping material. The objective is to propose a sustainable alternative in pavement construction, reducing the environmental impact of the use of mineral filler and taking advantage of street sweeping waste. The research seeks not only to evaluate the properties of this alternative material, but also to lay the foundations for future research on sustainable pavements. The document is structured in several chapters: Chapter 2 presents the research problem, Chapter 3 details the objectives, and Chapter 4 describes the methodology. Chapters 5 and 6 provide the theoretical framework and review previous research. Chapters 7, 8, and 9 focus on laboratory tests and the physical-mechanical results of the mixture. Finally, Chapter 10 presents the results, and Chapter 11 concludes with the relevance of the study and future lines of research.
Guía de Procedimiento para la optimización metodológica del diseño de plataformas de aerogeneradores para parques Eólicos y sus carreteras
(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Jiménez Cárdenas, Nicolás; Rodríguez Cortés, María Alejandra; Velandia Rodríguez, Carlos Herberty
The guide aims to optimize the design methodology of wind turbine platforms and their roads in wind farms in Colombia through the implementation of the BIM methodology. It is structured in three main chapters: the first focuses on the determination of location parameters for the construction of wind farms, analyzing the essential criteria and parameters to be considered by civil designers to evaluate the suitability of proposed locations in the country; the second chapter details the geospatial and initial data necessary for the design of wind turbine platforms and their roads, presenting the fundamental technical and geospatial data to be considered as a basis for moving forward to the design phase; the third chapter addresses the implementation of BIM methodology as a tool for terrain modeling and analysis, focusing on its use to develop an optimal and efficient design of wind projects using various specialized tools and software. In conclusion, this guide seeks to provide a comprehensive tool to support engineers, developers and planners in the efficient and sustainable development of wind turbine platforms and wind farm roads in Colombia. By optimizing design methodologies, it is expected to overcome current barriers and foster the growth of wind energy as a key component of the country's energy matrix.
Factibilidad para la creación de una empresa productora de materiales de construcción fabricados a partir de la reutilización de residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD's)
(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Quintero Moreno, Julianne Vanessa; Leon Molano, Juan Sebastián; Medina González, Magda Liliana
Sustainable management of construction and demolition waste has become a priority due to increasing environmental awareness and the need to reduce ecological footprint. The reuse of recycled materials from these wastes emerges as a promising strategy for sustainable construction. By recovering and processing materials such as concrete, wood, and metal, it reduces the demand for raw materials and minimizes the amount of waste sent to landfills. This practice not only benefits environmental sustainability but also meets the growing demand for solutions that promote circular economy principles and resource efficiency in construction projects.
Desarrollo de la plataforma web para el sistema de información meteorológica en tiempo real - Proyecto de estación meteorológica inteligente CIDC
Flores Alvis, Anderson Julian; Cruz Osorio, Mateo Alejandro; Ladino Moreno, Edgar Orlando; Saby Beltran, Jorge Enrique
This research proposal is one of the documents obtained from the CIDC Intelligent Meteorological Station Project. The project led to the development of a meteorological station prototype using low-cost devices to measure variables such as humidity and temperature. Based on this prototype, a web service was created, integrating the two components of the project. The communication between the prototype and the web service is wireless, using internet protocols to establish a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). This sensor network collects data within a specified geographic area, which is then transmitted to the web service platform. On this platform, the data is processed and analyzed in real time using descriptive statistics. This analysis enables the creation of intelligent and automated models of atmospheric variables, facilitating precipitation estimates through dew point calculations. The results are used to conduct evaluations in civil engineering projects, providing recommendations for real-time decision-making, particularly in predicting potential rain conditions.
Diseño de optimización de la red matriz del acueducto del municipio de Albán Cundinamarca, mediante métodos metaheurísticos.
Guiza Ojeda, Bryan; Pacanchique Pérez, Daniel Ricardo; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo; Zamudio Huertas Eduardo [0000-0002-9698-5419]
In this study, the design of an optimization method for the main aqueduct network in the municipality of Albán has been addressed. The approach was based on the implementation of metaheuristic algorithms in the C# software environment. The specific objectives of the study included the selection of a suitable approach to 5 optimize the aqueduct network, taking into account its particularities and restrictions. The implementation of this approach was achieved through the C# programming language, which allowed to accurately model and analyze the complexity of the water distribution network in the municipality. The metaheuristic algorithm was run on the Albán aqueduct network, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach in improving efficiency and reducing energy losses in the system. The comparison between the existing aqueduct network and the optimized one revealed significant differences in terms of costs and efficiency, supporting the feasibility of the proposed solution. In the context of engineering, this study provides an innovative perspective to address optimization challenges in municipal aqueduct systems. The successful application of metaheuristic algorithms programmed in the C# software language to solve design and efficiency problems in water distribution shows a promising path for more effective management of water resources in other locations with similar characteristics to Albán. Regarding recommendations, it is suggested to consider the practical implementation of the optimal solution in the Albán aqueduct network, in coordination with local authorities and engineering experts. Furthermore, keeping a constant update of the relevant data is essential to maintain the efficiency of the optimized system. Given the success of this approach in Albán, it would be beneficial to explore the possibility of applying similar methods in other municipalities facing similar challenges in managing their aqueduct network.
Influencia del suelo blando en la vibraciones mecánicas en puente peatonales de Bogotá D.C
Aya Castaño, Juan Camilo; López Palomino, Paulo Marcelo
In recent decades, the analysis of the dynamic response of pedestrian bridges has acquired increasing importance in structural engineering. Bridges, as crucial elements of infrastructure, must be designed to withstand not only static loads but also dynamic loads generated by pedestrians during their daily use. One of the key considerations is the soil-structure interaction (SSI), which refers to the influence resulting from the inertial interaction between the bridge structure and the properties of the soil on which it is built. This study focuses on the evaluation of the dynamic response of 3 pedestrian bridges in Bogotá considering the SSI on soft soils (SSI-SS) that make up the north-central geology of the City. To achieve this, the SAP2000 structural analysis software was used, with which detailed numerical simulations were carried out using SSI methodologies called impedance functions and direct analysis method for three types of dynamic loads. typical pedestrians. The main objective was to investigate how SSI in soft soil affects the properties and dynamic response of bridges to different pedestrian loads, in terms of fundamental frequencies, accelerations and displacements. This study points out that, for the sample structures, the SSI in the soft soils of the sample has a direct influence on the dynamic response and modifies the characteristics of the mode shapes without considering the SSI; This influence has greater relevance for the first modes of vibration.
Implementación y evaluación de la viruta del cuero generada en el proceso de rebajado, para el diseño de un concreto hidráulico de f'c 210 kg/cm²
Delgado ordoñez, Juan Paulo; Perilla Ibarra, Kevin Aldemar; Sánchez Cotte, Edgar Humberto
This project investigates the feasibility of using leather shavings, a by-product of the leather trimming process, as a partial substitute for stone aggregates in hydraulic concrete production. The central problem it addresses is related to the improper management of leather waste and the search for sustainable solutions in concrete manufacturing, considering that leather shavings are discarded as waste, generating costs and environmental problems. The general objective of the project is to evaluate the mechanical properties and behavior of concrete with leather shavings, setting specific objectives that include the characterization of the material, the design of mixtures, the preparation and testing of specimens, economic and statistical analysis, and the discussion of results. The rationale lies in the need to address the environmental impact of concrete production and promote more sustainable practices, while encouraging knowledge generation and technological development in the field of construction and civil engineering. Ultimately, the project seeks to answer how the incorporation of leather shavings affects the mechanical properties of hydraulic concrete.
Desarrollo de una aplicación móvil de carácter académico en dispositivos Android para realizar el cálculo de las estructuras para bocatoma lateral y bocatoma de fondo
Chivata Mendez, Mónica Marcela; González Rueda, Carlos Iván; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo [0000-0002-9698-5419]
This document details the process to develop a mobile application in the Android operating system, which calculates the design of water intake through lateral intake and bottom intake, based on input data entered by the user. It is important to clarify that data such as the design population, maximum net endowment, bar thickness, spacing between bars, among other data, will be requested. The process to design the application, first of all, consists of researching and collecting the necessary information to formulate the corresponding equations in an Excel workbook, and then creating a detailed flowchart of the application, in which the process can be appreciated. algorithm and process to be executed in a visual, structured and organized manner. Subsequently, we proceed to design the graphical and algorithmic interface through the use of the MIT App Inventor platform, through block programming. On the other hand, a user manual for the application will be provided, in order to provide the user with a support document where information is provided about the input data, calculated data, tables and illustrations. Finally, with the operation of this application, it seeks to solve the need of students and professionals to have a tool that saves time in calculations for this type of problem.
Diseño y elaboración de un canal hidráulico a flujo libre monitoreado por sensores
Gonzaléz Ramos, Brayan Hernán; Santos Rios, Andrés Felipe; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo; 0000-0002-9698-5419
This document summarizes both the feasibility in the design for the realization of a free-flow hydraulic channel with variable slope, and its subsequent manufacture in the laboratory, in order to strengthen the theoretical knowledge seen in subjects such as design and construction of channels, channel hydraulics, fluid mechanics, pipes and pumps, among others; allowing the student in a theoretical and experimental way, to visualize the phenomena and variable or measurable characteristics such as, for example, flow, pressure, velocity, flow height, friction and others, while, its installation in the laboratory is offered so that it can be used as a pedagogical and didactic tool in the learning of the line of channel hydraulics, allowing the teacher to have a tool that allows him to develop his teaching in a more dynamic way and to complement the theory explained in the classrooms. Regarding the physical characteristics of the experimental flume assembly: the support structure is composed of longitudinal metal profiles with metal crosspieces that stiffen its base and a rectangular flume of 2.50 meters long with a cross section of 2.50 meters. 50 meters long with a cross section of 0.30 meters wide and 0.25 meters high in 6 mm acrylic, including real-time measurement prototypes such as pressure sensors, which determine with a high degree of accuracy parameters required for the calculation of channels, and finally, acetate or acrylic accessories that alter the natural course of the fluid to study its properties.
Análisis comparativo del flujo de agua en sistemas de tuberías a presión y del flujo de corriente eléctrica "desarrollo de modelos equivalentes para comprender su comportamiento"
Beltrán Rodríguez, Wilmer Camilo; Ladino Moreno, Edgar Orlando; 0000-0002-7770-452X
The electric and hydraulic flow can be considered similar, so much so that through the hydraulic-electric analogy, the behavior of electric flow can be easily understood through examples or analogies of hydraulic systems. That is, electric flow is similar to hydraulic flow, voltage differential is akin to pressure difference between two tanks connected by a pipe, and electric resistance resembles a partially closed valve. However, while this analogy simplifies the understanding of electric flow behavior, the nature of these systems differs, and despite electric and hydraulic flow being considered similar by way of example, there are fundamental differences causing electric flow behavior not to be identical to hydraulic flow. Nevertheless, equivalent electric and hydraulic circuits have been successfully modeled using Microsoft Excel and Matlab's Simulink, yielding an expression facilitating the modeling of equivalent circuits.
Diseño de aplicación web para el cálculo del tirante crítico en canales de sección compuesta utilizando el algoritmo de Blalock y Sturm
Nieto Gallo, Sebastian Yesid; Vallejo Largo, Natalia; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo
In summary, this project is based on the creation of a web application that allows the user to calculate the critical depth in channels with a section composed of a specific geometry, considering a simplified use dynamic, where the user will be asked to enter hydraulic characteristics. and geometric such as the transported flow, the Manning roughness coefficient, the energy coefficient and the parameters related to the measurements of the channel sections: Base, slope, height from the bottom of the channel. The result calculated through the application using the Blalock & Sturm algorithm will mainly be the critical depth associated with a given flow (considering that there may be more than one critical depth for an intermediate flow in a compound channel). In addition, the program will also be able to calculate geometric and hydraulic parameters specific to the channel in question. All of the above in order to simplify the laborious calculations that involve the calculation of critical tension for a composite section, also providing the results of the calculation process and in this way generating significant help for professionals and those interested in the area of engineering and hydraulics.
Seguimiento a tramos de vía de bajos volúmenes con mezclas elaboradas con RAP provenientes de la UMV en la ciudad de Bogotá
Rodríguez Orozco, Kevin Dailuber; Vargas Forero, Cristian Leonardo; Fernández-Gómez, Wilmar Darío; 0000-0001-6339-8050
In the last twenty years, the study and use of Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in the construction and rehabilitation of pavements have grown due to its economic and environmental benefits. RAP contributes to waste reduction and decreases the demand for virgin materials. The focus of this thesis was the performance evaluation of RAP on a low-traffic volume road in the rural area of Bogotá. This road was treated with RAP sourced from the La Esmeralda production site of the Road Maintenance Unit (UMV). The recycled material underwent various tests, and a working formula was developed for its application on different roads. This phase was carried out in the initial stage of the research program. For the performance evaluation stage of the pavement under study, a road inventory system was employed, incorporating GPS receivers and high-definition cameras developed by the District University. During the evaluation, parameters such as pathologies, material quality, and construction processes were measured. The inspection compared these data with design standards, gathering information on construction and associated costs. The results contribute to understanding the behavior of RAP on low-traffic volume roads, providing a foundation for future decisions in the design and construction of sustainable pavements that promote the use of recycled materials in the road infrastructure of Bogotá.
Validación y optimización de modelo CFD para canaleta Parshall a escala: enfoque experimental y numérico.
Fuentes Ortegón, Henry David; Ardila Cruz, Ivan Mauricio; Ladino Moreno, Edgar Orlando; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7770-452X
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has had a great growth in recent years and has become an essential tool to solve complex engineering problems. One of the most important hydraulic structures is the Parshall flume, which functions as a gauging flume, used to measure flow rates in open channels. The general objective of this work is to perform a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model applied to a scaled Parshall flume, studying the flow behavior before the hydraulic surge originated in the flume. Different models will be established and compared with the data observed in the laboratory.
Análisis de la iluminación y plan de mejoramiento con base en las normas Retilap en las edificaciones de la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
Prieto Suárez, Ashly Natalia; Macias Gonzalez, Jesús Mauricio; Mena Serna, Milton
In the current project, an analysis of the lighting will be carried out in the classrooms and laboratories located in the buildings of the technological headquarters of the Francisco José de Caldas District University. The main objective is to evaluate if the existing internal lighting satisfies the requirements established in the technical regulation of lighting and public lighting (RETILAP). The purpose of this evaluation is to identify possible areas for improvement in the spaces under inspection, in order to create more comfortable environments for users and ensure compliance with the lighting standards established by RETILAP.
Desarrollo e implementación de un prototipo de estación hidrometeorológica automatizada con intervalos personalizados de toma de datos
Galeano Reyes, Jeniffer Vanesa; Torres Rodríguez, Erick Camilo; Zamudio Huertas, Eduardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9698-5419
This monograph describes the development process of a prototype of an automated hydrometeorological station, which provides information on precipitation detection, air quality (CO2 in ppm), ambient temperature (°C), relative humidity (%) and wind speed (m/s). The sensors used in the prototype are properly calibrated. The elements and components follow the considerations of the Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM), which follows the recommendations of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The language used to create the programming of the prototype was Processing, from Arduino. Through the interface, users enter the time in seconds, with an interval from one (1) second to 36000 seconds, to measure climatic data. This is achieved through the prototype interface with which the user will interact, allowing him to adjust the time interval according to his specific needs, to expand the data acquisition possibilities. The information is visible on the prototype's screen and is transferred to the web platform via telemetry. The prototype's web page provides convenient access to hydrometeorological data and simplifies monitoring, eliminating human error by manually transcribing the data. This prototype drives the development of expertise in civil engineering fields such as hydrology and interdisciplinary disciplines such as electronics, fostering a broad and diverse approach to understanding climate and its measurements.
Evaluación de la Adición de Escoria de Alto Horno en una Mezcla de Concreto de Peso Normal
Velandia Comesaquira, Monica Fernanda; Amaya Clavijo, Jorge Andres; López Palomino, Paulo Marcelo
Concrete technology in civil engineering has led companies and professionals to investigate the properties of concrete, focusing on optimizing the mix. In this context, the addition of blast furnace slag in normal weight concrete will be evaluated, studying its compressive strength with replacements of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of fine granular material by blast furnace slag. This research seeks to mitigate the consumption of natural resources and the environmental deterioration caused by the excessive production of concrete. Methodologically, it includes the characterization of materials, petrography studies, mix design and compression tests, showing that the addition of slag does not significantly affect the compressive strength, except for a 10% replacement, where the strength increases by 10%. In addition, it was found that concrete density decreases with greater slag participation, affirming the convenience of using this industrial waste as fine aggregate and providing a basis for studying other concrete properties, such as durability.
Estudio del comportamiento de una muestra de suelo arcilloso para el uso en sub-rasantes por medio del ensayo cbr utilizando caucho molido de neumático en diferentes porcentajes y distintos diámetros
Ospina García, Michael Jefrey; Suarez García, Oswaldo; Rondón Quintana, Hugo Alexander; Rondón Quintana, Hugo Alexander [0000-0003-2946-9411]
The study focuses on the evaluation of the behavior of a clayey soil sample when incorporating recycled polymer (recycled tire rubber grains - GCR) at three different dosages (5%, 10%, and 15% by mass). The soil samples were classified as CL (low-plasticity clay) under the Unified Soil Classification System (SUCS) and A-6 under the AASHTO system. These soils are composed of inorganic clays with low to medium plasticity and have a maximum CBR of 7.4%. The research aimed to assess the potential for using GCR as a soil improvement material for road construction. The study revealed that the addition of both fine and coarse GCR did not significantly improve the CBR results, with a decrease in percentages observed at various addition levels. Consequently, it was concluded that GCR may not be suitable for enhancing the performance of this type of expansive soil.
Plan de negocios para DP Diseño & Consultoría S.A.S
Salamanca Fuquen, Paola Andrea; Villota Posso, Hernando Antonio
The main objective of this document is the execution of a business plan for a company oriented to the provision of integral design and consulting services in the areas of Structural, Hydrosanitary, Architectural, Budgeting, Geotechnical and BIM in construction projects in the city of Bogotá, which will be named DP Diseño&Consultoría S.A.S. The business idea will be analyzed through the study of information corresponding to the service to be offered, how the market will be entered in competition, what will be the plan to sell to future customers, why use the services to be offered, how much financing is required. Similarly, this document will develop a set of studies to determine the feasibility of the creation of the business idea, through which we will seek to find the feasibility and break-even point at which economic growth will occur.
Prototipo de máquina para realizar ensayos de flexión en vigas a escala
Beltran Martinez, Angie Michell; Lagos Bolivar, Yeison Mauricio; López Palomino, Paulo Marcelo
This document outlines the description, justification, and proposal for a project aimed at designing and constructing a prototype of a machine for conducting bending tests. The prototype will consist of a metallic structure capable of withstanding the loads and stresses generated during the test. It will operate on the principle of a hydraulic press, similar to that used by a hydraulic jack, to apply pressure to the beam under test

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