Especialización en Gerencia de Recursos Naturales
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/2022
Examinar
Envíos recientes
Ítem Priorización de los servicios ecosistémicos y estrategias de potencialización de la Reserva Natural de la Sociedad Civil “ECOSARAVITA”, ubicada en el municipio de Puente Nacional Santander(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Duque Alzate, Natali; Villarraga Flórez, Liz; Villarraga Flórez, Liz [0000-0001-8992-4792]Civil Society Nature Reserves are private conservation strategies whose objective is to conserve a sample of a natural ecosystem present within them. With this in mind, these reserves provide a range of diverse ecosystem services that benefit both local communities and society at large. The objective of this research was to diagnose the ecosystem services provided by the Ecosaravita Civil Society Nature Reserve (RSN), located in the municipality of Puente Nacional, Santander, Colombia, and to prioritize these services. The ecosystem services identified include climate regulation, water provision, biodiversity conservation, and ecotourism. The study sought to diagnose and prioritize these benefits to generate evidence to support their conservation and sustainable management. The methodology used was based on the identification of ecosystem services, using secondary information and a semi-structured survey conducted among management, the surrounding community, and visitors from other sites within the Ecosaravita National Reserve. Based on these results, a prioritization matrix was proposed, which included two relevant aspects for evaluation: a theoretical assessment and an assessment based on community perceptions. Finally, based on the results obtained, an action plan was proposed as the main strategy to enhance the reserve's development. The results obtained included the identification of 14 ecosystem services provided by the reserve, as well as the prioritization of provisioning services (water provision), regulation and support services (climate regulation, biodiversity conservation), and cultural services (recreational services - ecotourism). It is also important to mention that the proposed action plan serves as the basis for public policies and conservation strategies.Ítem Evaluación del Parque Natural Chicaque - diagnóstico integral y estrategias para el fortalecimiento de su gestión ecoturística(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Huérfano Patiño, Paola Andrea; García López, Laura Sthefanny; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis study evaluates the functioning of Chicaque Natural Park (a Private Nature Reserve in Colombia) to ensure its sustainability by integrating conservation and ecotourism, while identifying regulatory gaps that hinder standardized management. Using a mixed-methods approach (documentary analysis, surveys of visitors, and METT-4 assessment), the findings reveal that although visitors appreciate the natural environment and trails, there are shortcomings in infrastructure, visitor services, and environmental education, as well as weaknesses in planning and tourism development. To address these issues, the study proposes optimizing ecotourism infrastructure and training staff to enhance management and improve the visitor experience.Ítem Diseño de un modelo de gestión y de negocio sostenible para la implementación y mantenimiento de jardines verticales y techos verdes en Bogotá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Márquez Gómez, Jennifer Lorena; Pineda Herrera, Juan Camilo; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis study proposes the design of a management model and a business model aimed at optimising the implementation and maintenance of green roofs and green walls as green infrastructure solutions in Bogotá. The management model centres on the standardisation of technical and operational processes to ensure efficient, sustainable, and replicable installations that deliver measurable environmental and social benefits in the short and medium term. To evaluate its applicability and scalability, the Fernando Barón Building at Pontificia Universidad Javeriana is selected as a case study, given its strategic location, technical suitability, and demonstrative potential. The business model outlines the establishment of a specialised entity dedicated to the design, installation, and maintenance of green roofs and green walls. Beyond consolidating an environmentally sustainable service, it seeks to assess financial feasibility through return-on-investment analysis, as well as the identification of market opportunities, strategic partnerships, and economic incentives. The methodological approach comprises three phases: (1) a literature and regulatory review to define technical, legal, and contextual requirements; (2) surveys with community members, authorities, and experts to capture perceptions, barriers, willingness, and expectations; and (3) the formulation of both models, accompanied by strategic guidelines for implementation, replication, and scaling. The management model is expected to function as a technical and strategic framework for standardising installation and maintenance processes, ensuring long-term sustainability and fostering wider adoption. Meanwhile, the business model aims to demonstrate financial viability, highlighting these solutions as strategic investments that enhance property value and generate new development opportunities in Bogotá.Ítem Propuesta de estrategias de manejo sostenible a partir del análisis multitemporal y diagnóstico ecológico del humedal Santa María del Lago(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Consuegra Barragán, María Daniela; López Carrero, Jeimy Vanessa; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroA land cover change analysis was conducted for the Santa María del Lago Wetland between 1950 and 2025, complemented by the characterization of predominant ecosystems based on their floristic and faunal composition. From this analysis, sustainable management strategies were proposed, grounded in both ecological diagnosis and local perceptions. The methodology combined spatial analysis tools with field-based ecological studies. Aerial photographs from IGAC and satellite imagery (Landsat and Sentinel) were interpreted using spectral indices (NDVI, NDWI, and EVI) to determine land cover change trends. Additionally, floristic and faunal surveys were carried out following Gentry’s RAP methodology and direct observation. Surveys were also administered to residents and experts to assess perceptions regarding changes in the wetland. The results revealed a critical degradation phase between 1960 and 1980, during which much of the water body and vegetation cover were lost, followed by a progressive recovery beginning in 1991. By 2025, the wetland had reached a late successional stage, with over 50% vegetation cover, though it remains vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures. The vegetation survey recorded 108 species across 96 genera and 53 botanical families. Six main functional biotypes were identified: herbaceous (dominant), shrubby, arboreal, aquatic, lianoid, and epiphytic—reflecting processes of secondary succession, anthropogenic disturbance, and ecological regeneration. Functionally, the ecosystem exhibits a transitional structure with resilient components that could support ecological restoration under appropriate management strategies. The faunal inventory documented 58 bird species across 21 families and 9 orders, with a predominance of insectivorous and generalist species (omnivores, frugivores) typical of disturbed ecosystems. Six endemic species and one endemic subspecies were recorded, associated with structurally intact habitat patches. Additionally, at least 13 migratory species and 5 listed in CITES Appendix II were identified. Survey responses revealed divided perceptions—some residents believed the wetland had improved, while others perceived further degradation—highlighting the need to strengthen environmental governance and institutional-community communication. Based on these perceptions, a SWOT matrix was developed to prioritize issues and design intervention strategies within a structured program comprising three strategic lines or specific projects. This analysis enabled the identification of internal and external factors influencing the wetland’s sustainability and guided integrated and targeted management actions.Ítem Propuesta metodológica de criterios e indicadores socioambientales de clasificación de umbrales de pobreza con base en un diagnóstico de sistemas productivos en viviendas rurales dispersas en la vereda Potrero Grande - municipio de Choachí(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Ángel Arango, Jeisson Honrio; Jiménez Palomo, Gabriel Stefan; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroA bibliographic review is conducted on the concept of family farming, family agricultural unit, unmet basic needs, poverty, extreme poverty, and minimum vital, as well as a characterization of the rural family, their land, and economic activities is carried out through a sampling of families settled in the Potrero Grande neighborhood in the municipality of Choachí, Cundinamarca. A semi-structured interview methodology is used to determine the composition of the rural family, types of crops and production animals, which will allow establishing the water demand associated with subsistence activities, with the purpose of identifying the maximum productive units to be considered as subsistence activities. Twenty people were interviewed, representing an equal number of families, and the following results were obtained: the gender of the respondents was 50% male and 50% female. The average family composition is 3.6 people. 79% of the members are aged between 15 and 65 years, and the gender composition of the members is 44% women and 56% men. The properties where the rural families are located are distributed along an altitudinal gradient of 2,055 to 2,437 meters above sea level. The area is classified as having a cold thermal floor and a humid climate. The average area of the properties corresponds to 2 hectares, with a total population of 72 people, a total cultivated area of 2.103 hectares, and a total livestock inventory of 18,376 individuals. The designation of the properties for livestock activities corresponds to 65%, agricultural activities to 15%, mixed agricultural activities to 15%, and no economic activity to 5%, The average per capita income reported by respondents for agricultural systems is $443,333, for agro-livestock systems $418,524, and for livestock systems $920,292. A total of 4 farms do not exceed the Extreme Poverty Line with their per capita income. The destination of rural production is for sale, self-consumption, and mixed; in the case of agricultural systems, while for livestock systems there is 0% allocated for self-consumption, agro-livestock systems allocate 33% for self-consumption, while agricultural systems allocate 67% of production to self-consumption. The total water demand in the study area for agricultural use corresponds to a flow of 0.535 l/s, for livestock use 0.380 l/s, and for domestic use and human consumption, a flow of 0.103 l/s is required. Based on these findings, a methodological proposal was designed in five phases: (1) expanded diagnosis of the territory, (2) definition and weighting of socio-environmental indicators, (3) categorization of productive units by levels of subsistence, (4) technical estimation of differentiated water demand, and (5) participatory validation and construction of operational guidelines. This methodology proposes a multidimensional approach, integrating economic, social, technical, environmental, and territorial variables, overcoming the limitations of the purely traditional monetary approach. New indicators are incorporated into the proposal, such as: level of self-consumption, food security, state of the water source, distance to basic services, land tenure, and community organization. Through a vulnerability and subsistence index, households are classified into critical subsistence, vulnerable transition, or productive-commercial. The application of the extreme poverty line and poverty line overcoming model is recommended under different environmental conditions in order to evaluate its use as a classification instrument for subsistence activities in rural families. It is also recommended to implement the public land adjustment service for the purpose of constructing infrastructure works aimed at providing a specific area with irrigation, drainage, or flood protection, with the purpose of increasing the productivity of the agricultural sector, thereby allowing for the development of the Colombian countryside.Ítem Estrategias de emprendimiento sostenible de agroecología periurbana y seguridad alimentaria a partir de diagnósticos socioambientales. Estudio de caso: proyecto Terraza Verde en la localidad de Usme – Bogotá D.C.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Narváez Quintero , Zulma Sareth; Suárez Bastidas, Karen Yuliana; Copete Perdomo , AlejandroSustainable ventures aim to generate a positive impact on the environment and society, while also being economically profitable for communities. This is the case of the La Esmeralda community, which, under a context of vulnerability as an informal settlement, seeks to develop strategies around agroecology to improve food security. Subsequently, the goal is to promote entrepreneurship initiatives that generate income and serve as a foundation for household economies. This process is supported by international cooperation from Switzerland, specifically the Skat Foundation, which provides resources and inputs for training and capacity-building. To develop these strategies, a qualitative methodology was applied through interviews with various stakeholders—both internal and external—who are connected to La Esmeralda: a community leader, a social manager from Skat Foundation, local residents participating in the project, and a representative from the Usme Local Mayor’s Office. Following this, a SWOT analysis and a problem prioritization matrix were conducted to diagnose the challenges hindering the successful development of entrepreneurship within the community. As for the results, two major strategies are proposed, derived both from the findings and from successful cases in contexts similar to that of La Esmeralda. The first is the creation of an agroecology association within the community, and the second is the development of community enterprises that produce value-added products derived from the crops they cultivate themselves.Ítem Programa de mejoramiento para la producción de arándano con reducción de huella hídrica a partir de un diagnóstico del cultivo en la provincia de Ubaté(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Casallas Melo, Jency Lorena; Basto Ardila, Darío Fernando; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThe objective of this project is to formulate an improvement program for blueberry production, using alternatives to reduce the water footprint of blueberry crops in the municipality of Lenguazaque (Cundinamarca). Using a quantitative and descriptive methodology, a technical and environmental assessment of five crops was carried out, which allowed for the identification of the main variables associated with water consumption in the crop. This assessment is aimed at formulating strategies to reduce the water footprint, promoting a more efficient and sustainable use of water resources in the production system. The study addressed the use of agrochemicals, irrigation systems, and soil and climate conditions, and proposed sustainable alternatives such as drip irrigation and efficient agricultural practices. Through interviews, climate analysis, and agricultural water balance calculations, the main factors influencing crop water consumption were identified. The results show that blueberries are highly dependent on irrigation due to their shallow root system and high water demand, with the largest crop, covering an area of 8,000 m2 in the village of Estancia (17.4 L/kg), consuming more water than the smallest crop, covering an area of 750 m2 in the village of La Cuba (190.6 L/kg). showing an inverse correlation between crop size and water footprint magnitude, indicating that as the planted area decreases, water consumption per kilogram of blueberry produced increases. The other crops located in Resguardo (131.62 L/kg) and La Glorieta (88.84 L/kg) allowed us to identify the actual water consumption per kilogram of blueberries produced in each production unit. On the other hand, determining potential evapotranspiration and water footprint allowed us to ascertain the current state of water consumption for each crop according to its size, so it can be said that the smaller the scale of cultivation, the greater the water consumption will be. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen technical assistance, implement environmental requirements with optimal areas, and promote efficient irrigation systems to improve water use among small producers.Ítem Zonificación socioecológica para el diseño de un sistema agroforestal en Armero Guayabal. Estudio de caso: finca El Paraíso(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Ramírez Morales, Brigitte Dayana; Rodríguez Duarte, William Andrés; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis thesis presents a proposal for agroforestry designs for the Finca El Paraíso, located in the municipality of Armero Guayabal, with the aim of diversifying income, optimizing land use, and restoring ecosystem services. The research was carried out through a socio-environmental diagnosis that included an interviews with local producers, and a technical-productive evaluation of the property and its surroundings. Armero Guayabal is a municipality in the department of Tolima, located in the Andean region of Colombia. Its average altitude is 1,300 meters above sea level, which contributes to the fertility of its soils. This characteristic makes agriculture and livestock the main economic activities in the area. Among the most prominent temporary crops are rice, corn, and plantains (Universidad de Ibagué,2024). However, the degradation of natural resources associated with production systems has become a priority issue in Latin America since the 1980s (Jiménez & Muschler, 2001). In this context, agroforestry systems represent an alternative that brings together two important actors in the dynamics of society: sustainable production and the protection of biodiversity (Saborío, 2016), generating economic benefits for producers and contributing to environmental sustainability. Based on the socio-environmental assessment carried out, the predominant production dynamics in the area were identified, characterized by livestock farming in a context of limited technification. Based on this information, four agroforestry systems were designed: multipurpose living fences, fodder trees, a silvopastoral system with commercial fruit trees, and ecological restoration. The selection of these models took into account criteria such as the adaptability characteristics of the property, its technical feasibility, and projected profitability.Ítem Evaluación de impactos socioambientales y propuesta de medidas de prevención y control a la comunidad afectada por incendios forestales en el Parque Ecológico Distrital Entrenubes(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Moreno Torres, Norely Ernesto; Parias Villalba, Christian Henrique; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis document addresses and presents the activities conducted to assess the socio-environmental and health impacts caused by the wildfires that occurred in January 2024 in the Entre Nubes District Ecological Mountain Park. These fires, combined with others across Bogotá's eastern hills, triggered an emergency requiring intervention by multiple public risk management entities. They also caused environmental damage and health impacts for residents near these ecological structures. For this project, the Nueva Esperanza neighborhood in the Rafael Uribe district was selected due to its proximity to one of the park’s wildfire zones and its vulnerable socio-environmental conditions, warranting impact assessment on the community. The methodological objectives outlined in the document were developed by compiling data from entities—primarily the District Secretary of Environment—enabling diagnosis of vegetation and wildlife conditions before and after the events. Additionally, air quality behavior (PM10 and PM2.5 parameters) was analyzed using data from the USME air quality station nearest to Nueva Esperanza. The second objective involved compiling acute respiratory disease records from the local health authority and administering a community survey to gauge environmental and health perceptions regarding the wildfires and the park. The third objective integrated prior data to develop a prioritization matrix, defining three projects aimed at improving community perception and mitigating health/environmental risks. Key findings reveal that the fires affected 46% of frailejón ecosystems and 54% of shrublands/grasslands, revealing both damage and opportunity: native species showed natural regeneration, but urgent intervention was needed. The post-fire response, structured as a "Restoration Trajectory" (immediate to long-term phases), prioritizes: 1) Invasive species control and soil protection via trenches; 2) Reintroduction of key native species in high-Andean forests; 3) Frailejón restoration with invasive fern management; and 4) Stream bank stabilization using riparian species. This approach aims to restore 7.13 hectares of degraded land while enhancing future resilience through microclimate creation, structural diversification, and adaptive monitoring. Furthermore, PM10 levels exceeded the 100 ppm permissible limit hours after the fires. A rise in acute respiratory infection diagnoses and hospitalizations was observed in the Diana Turbay Territorial Unit (UPZ), confirming direct health impacts on nearby communities. Residents perceive the park as a threat to habitability, citing unstable settlements in risk zones, eviction risks, and socio-economic vulnerabilities that foster negative perceptions of the territory. Based on the prioritization matrix, the document defines three projects: Sectoral Management, Air Quality Improvement, and Community Emergency Network.Ítem Lineamientos estratégicos de gestión con base en la valoración económica de los servicios ecosistémicos socialmente identificados en la Serranía del Peligro - Moniquirá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Noy Suárez, Brayam Alejandro; Sánchez Lizarazo, María José; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroSerranía El Peligro is a strategic ecosystem known by its high biodiversity and for providing multiple essential environmental services to nearby communities, such as water supply, climate regulation, and scenic beauty. However, these services have historically been undervalued in territorial decision-making processes. This paper aims to estimate the economic value of the socially identified ecosystem services in the Serranía El Peligro Regional Natural Park, in order to propose technical and participatory tools to strengthen its environmental management and promote sustainable development models.Ítem Estrategias para el manejo sostenible de la palma de cera a partir de un diagnóstico socioambiental en el municipio de Chaguaní -Cundinamarca(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Macana Tuta, Ederson; Pachón Ángel, Diana Jazgleidy; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThe formulation of awareness-raising and sustainable management programs for the conservation of the wax palm (Ceroxylon alpinum) in the municipality of Chaguaní, Cundinamarca, is proposed in response to the need to protect this emblematic and threatened species. The project is structured around a socio-environmental assessment that integrates ecological, social, and cultural aspects, allowing for an understanding of the current state of conservation of the palm in the territory and the dynamics that affect its use, perception, and preservation. The methodology employed was based on a qualitative and participatory approach, combining direct observation in the field, semi-structured interviews with key local stakeholders (teachers, biologists, institutional technicians, guides, and environmental engineers), and documentary analysis of regulations, management plans, and technical background information. This process made it possible to characterize the ecological conditions of the species (such as habitat fragmentation and poor regeneration), the cultural practices that threaten its survival (such as its use during Holy Week), and the community's perceptions of its ecological and symbolic value. As a result, a program was designed consisting of two central strategies: one focused on community environmental education, and the other aimed at cultural transformation through the symbolic replacement of palm trees in religious celebrations. These strategies were developed in the form of specific programs, with clear activities, timelines, and indicators, ensuring their applicability and territorial relevance. The proposal seeks to strengthen the link between the community and its natural environment, promote shared responsibility for the protection of the wax palm, and contribute to the construction of a sustainable environmental culture in Chaguaní.Ítem Diagnóstico socioambiental y formulación de un progrma para la recuperación de la subcuenca El Tirque - Boyacá con base en un análisis multitemporal de coberturas y percepción social de la comunidad(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Castro Ortiz, Joquín Ernesto; García Rodríguez, John Poul Andersson; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis study addresses the environmental deterioration of the El Tirque stream watershed, the main water source for Socha (Boyacá), affected by deforestation, erosion, inappropriate land use, and unregulated mining. A comprehensive assessment combining multi-temporal analysis, social perception, and participatory tools identified critical factors such as mining pollution, loss of riparian vegetation, water scarcity during the dry season, and weak environmental governance. In response, three environmental management programs were developed: sediment control, riparian ecosystem restoration, and water infrastructure improvement, using a participatory and ecosystem-based approach. These programs are aimed at restoring the quality and quantity of water resources and strengthening community ownership of the territory.Ítem Estudio de viabilidad del biciturismo como estrategia de desarrollo local en la vereda El Verjón Bajo – reserva forestal protectora Cerros Orientales de Bogotá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Morales, Sharon Vanessa; Rincón Ponguta, Ingrid Jasmin; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis project evaluated the feasibility of biketourism as a local development strategy in the village of El Verjón Bajo, using a mixed-methods approach that combined participatory diagnosis and program formulation. Through surveys and interviews, perceptions, needs, and opportunities were identified across environmental, social, cultural, economic, and institutional dimensions, demonstrating that biketourism can stimulate the local economy, strengthen the social fabric, and promote sustainable practices—provided it is developed with community participation and institutional coordination. As a result, an integrated program was designed based on analytical tools, serving as an input for future planning processes and decision-making regarding its implementation in the territory.Ítem Propuesta de Observatorio del Sistema Nacional Ambiental - SINA como herramienta para la transparencia y acceso a la información ambiental(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Quintero Salamanca, Yamith Samuel; Pulido Álvarez, Claudia Milena; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis undergraduate thesis aims to design a proposal for the creation of an observatory for the National Environmental System (SINA), as a tool to collect and disseminate information on the management carried out by environmental entities in the country, in order to contribute to transparency and access to environmental information. To achieve this, the first step involves identifying the information dissemination needs related to the environmental management of these authorities through the collection and analysis of both primary and secondary information, which in turn helps to establish the importance of creating a SINA observatory. Subsequently, a conceptualization of the proposed observatory is carried out, based on the definition of thematic categories, data sources, identification of stakeholders, among other aspects, to promote the dissemination and accessibility of information to different audiences. The methodology employed is qualitative with a descriptive scope and includes eight activities in total. These include collecting information to understand the general state of current environmental information systems, and developing SWOT, IFE, and EFE matrices to extract key aspects to consider in the conceptualization of the observatory. Based on this information, a structured interview is designed and applied to non-institutional actors that are part of the SINA and make use of environmental information. The data obtained is processed and organized into thematic categories using the qualitative research software NVIVO for further analysis. Finally, the primary information obtained through dialogue with academic actors, NGOs, watchdog groups, and public entities, together with the review of available secondary information, served as the main input for the conceptualization of the proposed SINA Observatory. The proposal includes the thematic areas of the tool, information sources, target audiences, potential partnerships, sustainability strategy, and a schematic model of the tool.Ítem Programa de mejoramiento de la distribución de áreas verdes y coberturas vegetales a partir del análisis y correlación de estratos socioeconómicos de la localidad de Usaquén(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Páez Bertiery, Giselly; Robayo Borda, Juan Pablo; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis research proposes measures to improve the inequitable distribution of green areas and vegetation covers in the socioeconomic strata with the lowest proportion of these areas in the locality of Usaquén. It considers the fact that, generally, there is a low culture of appropriation and care for green areas in the city of Bogotá, which leads to these spaces being perceived as security risks that foster crime. As a starting point, an analysis was conducted on the availability of green areas and vegetation covers and their correlation with socioeconomic strata through a detailed cartographic analysis at the block level to identify the distribution of areas by socioeconomic strata. The methodology includes a descriptive analysis to visualize the spatial distribution of the variables, an exploratory analysis to detect possible associations or correlations between them, and an inferential analysis to test hypotheses using statistical tests or spatial models. ArcGIS Pro software was used to perform a cartographic analysis that allows the comparison of green areas and vegetation covers with economic indicators of the locality, identifying correlations and spatial patterns. Additionally, a proximity analysis was conducted to determine the distance between parks and households of different socioeconomic strata. Following this, a diagnosis of the well-being perception of Usaquén’s residents regarding the enjoyment of green areas and vegetation covers was carried out by applying a survey with open-ended questions to 100 people aged between 28 and 60 years. Based on the collected information, the study: i) characterized the target population, ii) identified different opinions related to the sense of well-being, mood improvement, stress level reduction, tranquility, and satisfaction from the enjoyment of green areas and vegetation covers, and iii) analyzed opportunities for social interaction. The results show that Stratum 1 has 5 parks, but they are small, averaging 0.5 hectares each, limiting their ability to offer significant ecosystem benefits to the population of 11,000 inhabitants. In Stratum 2, there are 11 parks, also small, averaging 0.6 hectares, serving a population of approximately 13,000 people. As one moves toward Stratum 3, the situation slightly improves, with 12 parks averaging 0.8 hectares, serving a population of 24,000 inhabitants. However, the density of parks is still insufficient to meet the population’s needs. Stratum 4 has 10 parks, with an average size of 1.2 hectares, serving a population of 16,000 people, indicating a slight improvement in the availability of green spaces. In Stratum 5, although there are only 3 parks, their average size is 5 hectares, providing better access to green areas for a population of 17,000 inhabitants. Finally, Stratum 6, which has 9 parks, also has an average size of 1.5 hectares, serving a population of 19,000 people. Therefore, it is concluded that, although the lower strata have a greater number of parks, these are smaller in size and quality, limiting their effectiveness in providing ecosystem services. In contrast, the higher strata, although they have fewer parks, enjoy larger and better-maintained spaces, contributing to a better quality of life for their inhabitants. This disparity highlights the inequality in access to green areas in the locality of Usaquén. Subsequently, the collected data were analyzed to assess the internal and external characteristics of the respondents' perceptions through a SWOT matrix (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats), which evaluated Usaquén's capacity to define projects that counteract threats and weaknesses and enhance the identified strengths and opportunities. Finally, it was concluded that the social and environmental appropriation of the territory, as well as the greening and adaptation of green areas and vegetation covers, can consolidate impactful strategies that maximize the enjoyment of these areas. This contributes to mitigating unequal distribution, improving the quality of green areas and vegetation covers, and increasing community participation in the care and preservation of Usaquén’s natural resources.Ítem Propuesta de recuperación de bosques nativos mediante procesos de participación ciudadana Vereda Chipuelo Oriente Guamo – Tolima(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Velásquez Otavo, William Esteban; Villagrán Chavarro, Daira Ximena; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroEnvironmental projects aim to reforest native plants, which is a strategy that allows to initiate and consolidate participatory processes of local communities and, in turn, constitute a productive and economic alternative for the region, in the same way it is a process of seed recovery, identity and governance of the territory. The main objective of this study is to develop a proposal for the recovery of native forests through citizen participation processes for the purposes of protection, conservation and reforestation of native plants of the Tropical Dry Forest in the Chipuelo Oriente area of the municipality of Guamo, department of Tolima. In the applied method, the perception of the community was used, understood as a qualitative technique used in research and development projects, especially in the environmental and social field, to collect and analyze information through the active participation of the communities. Another method was social cartography, a participatory technique in which communities create maps to represent their environment, identifying their needs, it is a recognition of territory where aspects such as natural resources, social problems, and areas of interest or conflict are evident. This process allows the reality to be seen from the perspective of the inhabitants, facilitating planning and decision-making in local projects. Finally, a program with two projects was proposed: one of a technical nature and the other of a social nature. After consulting with the community, reviewing the land and carrying out a process of recognition of the territory, the following actions were determined: implement a program with two projects. The first, of a technical nature, focused on identifying, locating and characterizing the different native plants of importance to the local community in the Chipuelo Oriente area, in the municipality of Guamo, through the realization of a social diagnosis. The second, of a social nature, focused on environmental education and reforestation in areas suitable for reforestation, with the participation of the local community, with the objective of preserving the tropical dry forest.Ítem Impactos ambientales y socioeconómicos de proyectos de líneas de transmisión energética y propuestas de compensación o mitigación (Estudio de caso: segundo refuerzo de red en el área oriental: línea de transmisión La Virginia – Nueva Esperanza 500 kV, UPME 07-2016 - LAV0017-00-2019 - modificación No. 2)Zambrano Hurtado, Laura Andrea; Ussa Usaquén , Juan Nicolás; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis study identifies and prioritizes the environmental and socioeconomic impacts generated in the pre-construction, construction and operation-maintenance stages of the investment project to be carried out by the company Transmisora Colombiana de Energía SAS ESP (TCE) called “Segundo Refuerzo de Red en el Área Oriental: Línea de Transmisión La Virginia – Nueva Esperanza 500 kV, UPME 07-2016 - LAV0017-00-2019 - Modificación No. 2” between the municipalities of Soacha and San Antonio del Tequendama and which is in the evaluation stage by the Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales (ANLA) and in turn, possible compensation or mitigation measures are proposed to counteract its effects on the environment. For this purpose, the population affected directly and indirectly was characterized by means of interviews applied inside and outside the area of influence of the project, to identify the most relevant impacts for the community in the abiotic, biotic and socioeconomic components according to the conditions of the region. Subsequently, the nature of each impact was evaluated and its prioritization was carried out using the Integrated Relevant Criteria Method (CRI), in which the extension, intensity, duration, reversibility and risk of each of the impacts are evaluated in order to propose four (4) compensation or mitigation alternatives associated with eleven (11) prioritized environmental impacts. This study is an alternative to identify possible errors or omissions in the Environmental Impact Study (EIA) presented by the company executing the project to ANLA, and encourages responsible decision-making in relation to the management of negative impacts generated during the stages of high voltage energy transmission projects in the country, in order to achieve effective management that contributes to a more sustainable and fair energy development, a more autonomous society and a healthy environment.Ítem Comportamiento diferencial de las especies lafoensia acuminata y syzygium paniculatum en diversas densidades del paisaje urbano de BogotáCharry Orjuela, Juan Sebastián; León Perez, David Alejandro; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThis research analyzed the carbon capture capacity of Lafoensia acuminata (Guayacán de Manizales) and Syzygium paniculatum (Eugenia) tree species, both of which are abundant, with the latter having been extensively planted in recent years in Bogotá. The study was conducted across the six distinct urban landscape zones or climatic areas of the city, as categorized by the José Celestino Mutis Botanical Garden of Bogotá. The aim was to provide a complementary analysis that highlights the importance of urban landscape diversity and climatic variability in urban tree planning. The research focused on measuring biomass and converting it to carbon terms, using a representative sample of individuals from each of Bogotá's climatic zones to ensure the validity of the results.Ítem Formulación de estrategias y acciones para la recuperación del manglar con base en la valoración económica de impactos ambientales en el consejo comunitario Gualmar(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Arias Urriago, Evelin Dayana; Canaria Cotacio, Nicolas Andres; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThe main objective of this degree work is to analyze the dynamics of deforestation present in the Gualmar Community Council, this in order to economically value the impacts generated by the phenomenon, in that order of ideas the importance of mangroves is highlighted as carbon sinks, the amount of m3 of wood available and the ecosystem services provided by the ecosystem. To carry out this research, systematic sampling methods were used in different areas of the mangrove, to cover both the above-ground biomass (trees, shrubs and lianas) and the underground biomass (roots). The data were collected using standard forest inventory techniques, and carbon stock calculations and estimation of the m3 of available wood were subsequently carried out following protocols established by the scientific community. The results obtained revealed that the representative mangrove species are Rhizophora mangle and Mora oleifera since they have a significant carbon storage capacity, with an average stock of 3.26 tCO2e/ha/individual and 2.46 tCO2e/ha/ year/individual. In addition, variations in the carbon stock will be observed depending on factors such as the age of the mangroves, the density of the vegetation and the characteristics of the soil. Furthermore, it is important to highlight that there is a total of 139.22 m3/ha of wood available. In addition, an economic valuation of the stored carbon was carried out, estimating a value of 243 million pesos, based on current carbon market prices. In the case of wood, it is estimated that the losses per m3 of wood are estimated at 840 million pesos. This economic valuation highlights not only the ecological value of mangroves, but also their economic potential in terms of ecosystem services. In conclusion, the quantification of the carbon stock and its economic valuation in the mangroves of the Gualmar Community Council, not only evidences its ecological and environmental value, but also offered essential information to formulate the restoration initiative under the improvement approach proposed by Lamprecht. . in 1990.Ítem Valoración sociocultural de servicios ecosistémicos del Bosque San Carlos, Bogotá (estudio de caso)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Pérez Verano, Giovanny Antonio; Tovar Londoño, Aura Ivonne; Copete Perdomo, AlejandroThe present research aims to assess the sociocultural value of the cultural ecosystem services of the Urban Forest "Bosque de San Carlos," as well as the main socio-environmental issues it faces that may affect the provision of these services. From this assessment, the most important ecosystem services were identified and prioritized based on their demographic and socioeconomic characterization, considering the perception and motivation values expressed by the population in the context of this park. Based on this, an action plan is proposed for the integral management of the natural space, ensuring the provision of ecosystem services. This was determined through the application of two semi-structured surveys. The first was a pilot survey administered to 10 people to verify the consistency and coherence of the proposed questions. The definitive survey was then applied to a population of 90 people in some way related to the Bosque de San Carlos park. The information collected from the surveys was processed using descriptive statistical analysis, establishing the motivation and perception values of the cultural ecosystem services. With these results, a double-entry causality matrix was applied to prioritize and identify the main issues mentioned by the surveyed population. An action plan was proposed to address the global issues from a sustainable perspective. In general terms, it was identified that the most important evaluated cultural ecosystem services are recreation, accounting for 35.5% of the total, followed by physical health at 24.4%, and mental health at 17.8%. The most frequently identified environmental issues in the Bosque de San Carlos were insecurity and civic culture, each with a participation rate of 30% and 26.6%, respectively. From this, the causality matrix determined that the central problem in the study area is inadequate maintenance and management of the space, which results in all the mentioned issues. To address this problem, two programs were formulated, each with its respective projects, related to environmental education and the improvement of maintenance and management regarding physical security and users' perception of safety.