Impactos ambientales y socioeconómicos de proyectos de líneas de transmisión energética y propuestas de compensación o mitigación (Estudio de caso: segundo refuerzo de red en el área oriental: línea de transmisión La Virginia – Nueva Esperanza 500 kV, UPME 07-2016 - LAV0017-00-2019 - modificación No. 2)

Abstract

This study identifies and prioritizes the environmental and socioeconomic impacts generated in the pre-construction, construction and operation-maintenance stages of the investment project to be carried out by the company Transmisora ​​Colombiana de Energía SAS ESP (TCE) called “Segundo Refuerzo de Red en el Área Oriental: Línea de Transmisión La Virginia – Nueva Esperanza 500 kV, UPME 07-2016 - LAV0017-00-2019 - Modificación No. 2” between the municipalities of Soacha and San Antonio del Tequendama and which is in the evaluation stage by the Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales (ANLA) and in turn, possible compensation or mitigation measures are proposed to counteract its effects on the environment. For this purpose, the population affected directly and indirectly was characterized by means of interviews applied inside and outside the area of ​​influence of the project, to identify the most relevant impacts for the community in the abiotic, biotic and socioeconomic components according to the conditions of the region. Subsequently, the nature of each impact was evaluated and its prioritization was carried out using the Integrated Relevant Criteria Method (CRI), in which the extension, intensity, duration, reversibility and risk of each of the impacts are evaluated in order to propose four (4) compensation or mitigation alternatives associated with eleven (11) prioritized environmental impacts. This study is an alternative to identify possible errors or omissions in the Environmental Impact Study (EIA) presented by the company executing the project to ANLA, and encourages responsible decision-making in relation to the management of negative impacts generated during the stages of high voltage energy transmission projects in the country, in order to achieve effective management that contributes to a more sustainable and fair energy development, a more autonomous society and a healthy environment.