Maestría en Infraestructura Vial
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/33140
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Ítem Dimensiones de vehículos de carga tipo semirremolque vigentes en Colombia(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Vargas Echavarría, Ricardo Andrés; Soto Dueñas, José Luis; González Vergara, Carlos JavierThe study analyzed the actual dimensions of articulated cargo vehicles in Colombia, comparing them with those established in Resolution 4100 of 2004 and the 2008 Geometric Road Design Manual. Through an ANOVA analysis, significant differences were identified in total length and tractor dimensions, while width and semitrailer measurements remained consistent across configurations. It was determined that average dimensions are smaller than those in the regulations, with the 3S3 vehicle having an average length of 17.20 m compared to the normative 20.89 m. The findings suggest that current regulations oversize road infrastructure, potentially leading to inefficient designs and unnecessary costs. An adaptable approach based on actual measurements is recommended, along with further studies on turning radii and vehicle trajectories.Ítem Metodología para la clasificación funcional de carreteras primarias y secundarias de una calzada en Colombia(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Rubio Pachón, Rafa Enrique; Olivos Tunarosa, Jeisson Arnulfo; González Vergara, Carlos JavierThe road infrastructure in Colombia is currently functionally classified according to the guidelines contained in Resolution 411 of 2020, which establishes technical criteria for categorizing roads at the national level but lacks specific parameters that define their capacity. This study will propose a methodological approach that will allow the functional categorization of primary and secondary roads in the country, establishing a clear roadmap to ensure optimal design and operating conditions in Colombian two-lane highways, identifying deficiencies in the classification process based on information available internationally, as well as the guidelines contained in the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) of 2022, adjusting them to national conditions and evaluating technical criteria such as topography, traffic and layouts to subsequently analyze the influence of these on the final sizing of the road infrastructure. Concluding that the existing infrastructure at the national level is oversized or undersized with respect to the hourly volume of demand in terms of traffic, which requires adjustments in the geometry of the road corridors and therefore in their capacity.Ítem Factores que inciden en el comportamiento de los bici-usuarios que infringen el semáforo durante la luz roja, en la UPZ Ciudad Montes(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Mojica Vega, Laura Marcela; Vargas Vargas, Wilson ErnestoRed light violation is a typical behavior among cyclists that increases the risk of traffic incidents. In recent years, the use of bicycles as a mode of transport has increased in major cities worldwide. In Latin America, the modal share of bicycle use in the cities of Rosario (Argentina), Bogotá (Colombia), and Santiago (Chile) is 8.3%, 6.3%, and 3.7%, respectively, making them the most representative cities (Goel et al., 2022). Consequently, there has been an increase in the number of infractions related to crossing signalized intersections during the red light phase. This research analyzes the factors that most frequently influence the behavior of cyclists who violate the red light, taking into account the type of intersection. An observational study was conducted through video recordings, considering the type of cycling infrastructure in the Ciudad Montes UPZ (Bogotá). The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that most frequently influence the behavior of cyclists who violate the red light. This information will be a valuable resource for planners, designers, and those responsible for implementing public policies for safe and sustainable mobility.Ítem Propuesta metodológica para el desarrollo de proyectos de infraestructura vial mediante un modelo BIM.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Benavides Zambrano, Adriana Marcela; Gómez Guacaneme, Carlos alfonso; Vargas Vargas, Wilson Ernesto; Cañón Buitrago, Elkin Dario; CañÓn Buitrago, Elkin Dario; Cañón Buitrago, Elkin Dario [0000-0001-7899-5093]The use of collaborative tools has transformed the way roads are designed and built, optimizing processes and improving efficiency at every stage of the project. This evolution not only positively impacts the productivity of the sector but also has direct economic effects, reducing costs, minimizing waste, and enhancing resource management. In this context, the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in road infrastructure development has led to significant advancements in project planning and execution, fostering more structured workflows and facilitating data-driven decision-making. Currently, in Colombia, some public entities such as the ANI (Agencia Nacional de Infraestructura), INVIAS (Instituto Nacional de Vías), and UPIT (Unidad de Planeación de Infraestructura de Transporte) have developed technical annexes that guide and illustrate BIM concepts in road infrastructure projects. Additionally, academic studies and pilot experiences have explored the implementation of this methodology in certain design phases. These efforts have provided a preliminary understanding of its potential to improve information integration and optimize interdisciplinary coordination. However, there is currently no standardized methodology that allows the sequential development of an infrastructure project with established workflows for the different project phases. In this context, this research aims to define the minimum guidelines for BIM application in road infrastructure projects, establishing clear principles for its implementation and aligning them with current regulations and the requirements of the entities responsible for project structuring and execution. By adopting these guidelines, road infrastructure projects are expected to be managed in a more integrated manner, with more efficient workflows and better-structured deliverables, ensuring more effective and sustainable planning and execution.Ítem Evaluación de la resistencia mecánica de una mezcla densa en caliente MDC-19 fabricada con un cemento asfáltico (CA) modificado con biocarbón (BC)Romero Patiño, Nicolas Enrique; Rondón-Quintana, Hugo Alexander; Rondón-Quintana, Hugo Alexander [0000-0003-2946-9411]Population growth in the world has increased the generation of waste or biomass from agroindustrial activities. To reduce negative impacts on the environment, these biomasses can be treated and thermally decomposed through pyrolysis to convert them into Biochar (BC), which is a material that shows interesting properties and is compatible with asphalt binders. In the present study, an Asphalt Cement CA (Asphalt Cement - AC) reference 60-70 (due to its degree of penetration) was initially modified with a BC obtained from oil palm shell – PKS (BC-PKS). This modified asphalt binder was named CA-BC. For the modification, 10% of BC-PKS was used with respect to the total mass of the binder. Conventional physical characterization tests were carried out on CA 60-70 and CA-BC (penetration, viscosity, softening point, ductility, among others). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) visualizations were performed on the BC-PKS and the CA-BC. In a second phase of the study, a Hot Dense Mixture MDC-19 (HMA-19) was manufactured using the CA-BC (called HMA-BC mixture) and its performance was evaluated by carrying out tests under monotonic loading (Marshall and tensile strength indirect – ITS in dry condition – ITSD and wet – ITSW) and cyclical (Resilient Modulus – RM, permanent deformation and fatigue under controlled stress). The Cantabro test was also performed and the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) was calculated. The results were compared with those obtained on a Control mixture (HMA made with unmodified CA 60-70). ANOVA analyzes of variance were performed to evaluate whether BC-PSK generated significant changes in the properties of HMA-BC. As a general conclusion, it is reported that BC-PKS is a promising modifier of asphalt binders that tends to increase their rigidity. Likewise, the CA-BC generated a HMA-BC with greater stiffness under cyclic loading (RM) and greater resistance to permanent deformation, moisture damage, abrasive wear and fatigue compared to the Control mixture. This better performance was achieved without the need to: i) increase the optimal asphalt binder content (OAC), ii) change the volumetric composition of the HMA, iii) increase the mixing and compaction temperatures.Ítem Valoración económica de la afectación de flujos vehiculares por el estado de la malla vial en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.Rodríguez, Julián Steven; Niño, John Alexander; Vargas, Wilson ErnestoThis project assesses the influence that the poor condition of the mixed roads in the capital of Colombia brings in time and cost to the users who travel on them; carried out through the collection of primary information in the field, its processing, analysis of the collected sections and its projection in delays and costs at the city level to identify the marginal costs caused by the poor condition of the mixed carriageways of Bogotá.Ítem Estudio de aplicabilidad del óxido de zinc como modificador del cemento asfáltico en una mezcla densa en calienteAntonio Galeano, William Mauricio; Parra López, Anderson Steven; Rondón Quintana, Hugo Alexander; Bastidas Martínez, Juan Gabriel; Rondón Quintana Hugo Alexander [0000-0003-2946-9411]In this study, the applicability of zinc oxide as a modifier for asphalt cement (AC 60-70) and its behavior in a hot mix asphalt of type MDC-19 were evaluated. Penetration, softening point, viscosity, and ductility tests were conducted on the modified asphalt binder (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7.5, and 10% ZnO by weight of AC) and the unmodified binder. The temperature and mixing time of AC with ZnO were primarily considered with environmental criteria. The MDC-19 mixture design, manufactured with and without binder modification, was performed using the Marshall method. Characterization tests, including indirect tension, Cantabro, resilient modulus, and permanent deformation, were conducted on the asphalt mixtures.Ítem Determinación del vehículo de diseño y su trayectoria en proyectos urbanos de la malla vial y sus intersecciones en la ciudad de Bogotá D.CMontezuma Vallejos, Carlos Augusto; González Vergara, Carlos JavierThe dimensions of the design vehicle selected in geometric road projects, directly impact the trajectories, turning radii and overwidth of the intersections and corners of the roads that make up the corridors of a road project. The national regulations found in the INVIAS 2008 Geometric Design Manual for Highways, and the district road design parameters found in the Guide for the Design of Urban Roads for Bogotá D.C, (Guide that does not have regulatory support issued by the city of Bogotá), determine that the largest design vehicle is the WB-19 tractor, a dimension that goes against that expressed in National Resolution 4100 of 2004, this being an inconsistency for the determination of the type of design vehicle 3S2.Ítem Parámetros y metodología para el diseño de rampas de escape en ColombiaGonzález Hernández, Laura Tatiana; Pineda Vargas, Hector Daniel; Vargas Vargas, Wilson ErnestoRoad traffic incidents cause 1.3 million deaths worldwide each year. Most of these occur in mountainous terrain and some are caused by brake failure due to wear and tear on long slopes; This problem has a possible solution in the implementation of escape ramps, on which emergency braking can be carried out on the vehicle that presents the failure. However, Colombia does not have a methodology or regulations that recommend the construction of these structures. Therefore, an analysis of the variables used in 2 regulations of countries that have topographic and cultural conditions similar to Colombia and a regulation of a developed country is carried out and, in turn, these are contextualized to our nation. The objective of this work is to establish the necessary parameters to propose a focused methodology for Colombia, in which the location site is recommended and the way in which the escape ramp should be designed is explained. It is expected that this methodology will be applicable to different regions of the country with mountainous terrain and, in this way, reduce the number of accidents with damage and/or fatalities on mountainous terrain roads.