Ingeniería Sanitaria
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/1988
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Ítem Apoyo en el diseño hidráulico del sistema de alcantarillado pluvial de Fusagasugá(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Elizalde Jimenez, Gina Paola; Tovar Romero, Edward Leonardo; Tovar Romero Edward Leonardo [0000-0002-0670-8611]This document presents the development of the hydraulic design support process for the storm sewer system of the municipality of Fusagasugá, carried out at MYR Ingeniería y Laboratorio S.A.S., through the application of hydraulic modeling and geospatial analysis methodologies aimed at validating and adjusting the technical design of the system’s complementary structures, with emphasis on storm drains. Specialized tools such as SewerGEMS, EPASWMM, AutoCAD, and QGIS were used to integrate topographic, hydraulic, and cadastral information, as well as to conduct regulatory review in accordance with RAS 2016, systematize georeferenced data, characterize road networks, and design new structures based on hydraulic capture criteria.Ítem Formulación del plan de prevención de factores de riesgo que afectan a la salud pública en la Plaza de Mercado de Las Flores de Bogotá D.C(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Chico Prada, Jaime Andres; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucía; Mojica Hernández Martha Lucía [0000-0001-8329-9033]The purpose of this report is to document the activities carried out at the Las Flores Market Plaza in Bogotá, D.C., with the goal of formulating a prevention plan for risk factors affecting public health. During this internship, the intern participated in various activities aimed at the comprehensive management of public health within the ACOPLAF facilities, within the framework of inspection, surveillance, and control (IVC) activities, with the support of professionals from the Department of Environmental Management and Public Health, as well as collaborators from the Integrated Subnetwork of Health Services of the Center East (ESE), which acts as the health authority. This has allowed us to gain a closer look at the functioning of inspection, surveillance, and control with a risk focus for market squares or central supplies and their potential weaknesses. The main outcome was the identification of risk factors associated with public health management, which allowed me to develop a prevention plan for the risk factors that affect public health in the Las Flores Market Square in Bogotá, D.C. This internship allowed me to apply the knowledge acquired during my academic training and demonstrated the importance of public health management in the Las Flores Market Square as a fundamental tool for the proper provision of services.Ítem Plan de negocios para la compra, recolección, acopio y venta de aceite de cocina usado por los establecimientos de comercio (comidas rápidas, restaurantes y cafeterías) en la Localidad de Puente Aranda(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Guillen Tovar, Luisa Fernanda; Martínez Abello, Jairo Miguel; Martínez Abello, Jairo Miguel [0000-0003-1791-408X]The document presents a business plan for the purchase, collection, and sale of used cooking oil (UCO) in Puente Aranda, Bogotá, where 405 tons are improperly disposed of annually. Through research with 100 establishments, a potential market of 420,000 liters per year was identified, where 85% are unaware of the regulations and 44% sell the oil for between $1,000 and $2,000 per liter. The model requires an initial investment of $294,458,000 for infrastructure, vehicles, and operations, with marketing aimed at the biodiesel industry. The project would generate significant environmental benefits, preventing the contamination of 93,000 m³ of water and reducing 120 tons of CO₂ annually, with financial viability through diversification of services, environmental subsidies, or geographic expansion.Ítem Análisis y fortalecimiento del Plan de Gestión Integral de Residuos Sólidos (PGIRS) en la Plaza de Mercado de Paloquemao(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Sotomayor Delgado, María Alejandra; Sánchez Blanco, DoribelThis internship was developed with the aim of raising awareness and strengthening the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (PGIRS), which has been redesigned since 2023 by intern Laura Lara. Improvements for proper waste collection have been implemented in the Plaza de Paloquemao, considered one of the most important squares in Bogotá. As one of the city's 44 market squares, it generates a wide variety of waste on a daily basis. The main objective was to improve waste management, focusing especially on raising awareness among operators and merchants about the proper separation of waste, observing how the waste collection service can be improved by organizing schedules and structuring a pilot plan to serve as a guide for the future implementation of schedules for garbage collection routes, which can be applied by another intern or person in charge of the market.Ítem Mapa temático de Número de Curva para Colombia(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Carreño Tarazona, Carol Daniela; Valero Fandiño, Jorge Alberto; Villamizar Hernández, AlexanderIn engineering, the accurate estimation of peak flows and the identification of extreme hydrological events are vital for infrastructure design. However, in countries like Colombia, the scarcity of hydrological information across much of the territory constitutes a significant challenge in obtaining such data. To address this problem, hydrology proposes the implementation of indirect methodologies that estimate flows based on the physical characteristics of watersheds. Among these, the Curve Number (CN) method of the SCS (Soil Conservation Service) stands out. In this research, the SCS methodology was rigorously applied and adapted, utilizing the collection and analysis of geospatial information on soils, vegetation cover, and terrain slopes. The result of this process is the generation of three thematic Curve Number (CN) maps for three antecedent wetness conditions at the national scale for Colombia.Ítem Consultoría para el levantamiento técnico integral del sistema hidrosanitario de la Clínica la Colina(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Mendez Cortes, Derly Lizeth; Pulgarin Montoya, Diego AlejandroThis report presents the results of the internship developed under the project “Consulting for the Comprehensive Technical Survey of the Hydrosanitary and Fire Protection Systems of Clínica La Colina”, located in Bogotá, D.C. The main objective was to assess the current operational condition, functionality, and regulatory compliance of the water supply, sanitary, and fire protection systems, ensuring efficiency, safety, and water quality within the healthcare facility. The project involved stages of planning, field inspections, pressure and leak tests, water quality analysis, manual cartographic surveys, technical diagnosis, and the formulation of improvement proposals. The findings indicate that the systems are functionally operational but present critical deficiencies in documentation, preventive maintenance, component accessibility, and material uniformity. Detected issues include pressure drops, minor leaks, partial blockages, and insufficient cleaning routines, along with failures in the fire detection and alarm system. Preventive and corrective maintenance plans were designed, as well as recommendations for prioritized interventions, plan updates, technical staff training, and the implementation of a digital maintenance management system. The study concludes that the infrastructure partially meets current technical regulations (RAS 2017, NTC 1500, NFPA 13/25, NSR-10) and requires structured interventions to ensure continuous operation, hospital safety, and system sustainability.Ítem Apoyo en el diseño de sistemas hidrosanitarios, de gas y de protección contra incendio para el proyecto residencial “Santa Ana” (Bogotá)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Arias Rodríguez, Laura Mayerly; Valero Fandiño, Jorge AlbertoThis final report documents a professional internship focused on the design of water, sanitation, gas, and fire protection systems for the 'Santa Ana' residential project in Bogotá. The work served as a graduation requirement and was a key opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge of hydraulic engineering and installations in a real context, ensuring the habitability, safety, efficiency, and regulatory compliance of the project. The methodology implemented was mixed in nature, integrating a quantitative approach for the precise calculation of loads, consumption, and dimensions through the analysis of numerical data. This was complemented by three-dimensional modeling of the networks using Revit software for detailed visualization and coordination. The qualitative approach reinforced the design through the review of guides, best practices, and consultation with experts. The successful completion of the internship resulted in the complete preparation of essential technical documents, including calculation reports, equipment specifications, and detailed plans, as well as modeling in Revit, which validates the technical accuracy and constructive feasibility of the proposed systems.Ítem Apoyo en la actualización del diseño de redes de alcantarillado del municipio de Agua de Dios(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Torres Corredor, Brayan Steven; Pulgarín Montoya, Diego AlejandroThis thesis supported the update of the sanitary sewer network design of the municipality of Agua de Dios (Cundinamarca, Colombia), in accordance with the technical criteria established by Resolution 0330 of 2017. The existing system, originally conceived as a separate sanitary network, has been in operation for over fifty years and currently functions as a combined gravity system, limiting its hydraulic capacity and generating risks for efficient sanitation service delivery. The project was developed in three integrated phases: (i) collection and analysis of baseline information, including geographic, topographic, land-use, demographic and infrastructure data; (ii) population projection to the year 2050 using arithmetic, geometric and exponential methods, adopting 22,965 inhabitants as the design population to ensure safe and efficient sizing; and (iii) hydraulic updating and verification of the system, encompassing delineation of contributing areas in AutoCAD, calculation of domestic, commercial, institutional, industrial and infiltration flows, and verification of diameters, slopes and lengths with the PAVCO calculation tool, applying self-cleaning, shear stress and peak flow criteria. The outcome is an optimized design of main and secondary collectors, adapted to local topography and projected demand, ensuring hydraulic capacity, sustainability and operational efficiency. This work represents a key input for the modernization of the municipality’s sewer system, contributing to the strengthening of basic sanitation and the reduction of public health risks for the community.Ítem Correlaciones fisicoquímicas del agua con imágenes específicas preliminares(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Castelblanco Martínez, Michell Andres; Terrier, Carolina; Cárdenas León, Jorge Alonso; Cárdenas León, Jorge Alonso [0000-0001-6061-9612]The present work consolidates a visual-physicochemical repository of nine types of water (waste, natural and drinking) sampled for four weeks, with the purpose of evaluating the relationship between visual characteristics and water quality parameters. The capture of optical images, photographs of nitrocellulose membranes, and UV–Vis spectra (250–600 nm) was standardized, along with measurements of pH, conductivity, chlorides, chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and apparent color. The results showed very high correlations between the area under the spectral curve and color (r = 0.995) and between the area under the curve and COD (r = 0.965), which demonstrates the correspondence between visual patterns and the organic load of the water. The comparative analysis made it possible to accurately differentiate wastewater, natural and drinking water, validating the use of the image as an exploratory indicator. The generated repository constitutes a robust and reproducible database that could feed future artificial intelligence models aimed at the preliminary estimation of water quality parameters using photographs. This study contributes to the development of accessible and low-cost monitoring tools, useful for communities without access to specialized laboratories, as long as their limitations are recognized and they are complemented with conventional analyses.Ítem Evaluación y seguimiento a la ruta interna de residuos hospitalarios en la Clínica Nueva el Lago(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Sativa Garibello, Elieen Tatiana; Tovar Romero , Edward Leonardo; Tovar Romero, Edward Leonardo [0000-0002-0670-8611]Hospital waste represents a serious problem in healthcare institutions due to the risk of infection associated with its improper handling. Currently, there are significant difficulties related to the generation of hazardous waste, which can spread infectious diseases and cause environmental damage, especially due to the treatment and final disposal methods used. The management of this waste is regulated by Resolution 591 of 2024, which establishes a Manual for the Comprehensive Management of Waste Generated in Healthcare and Other Activities (PGIRASA), with guidelines on segregation, collection, internal transportation, and final disposal. Within this regulatory context, an internship was conducted at the Clinica Nueva el Lago, where segregation rounds were implemented using a color-coded system to classify the different types of waste, thus ensuring its proper handling and final disposal.Ítem Apoyo técnico para el diseño y construcción del banco de pruebas para bombas centrifugas – AUTOMEX SAS.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Rodríguez Velásquez, Samuel Nicolás; Pulgarin, Diego AlejandroAutomex specializes in providing comprehensive solutions for unit control, pumping systems, water treatment plants, automated industrial process control systems, and other applications requiring the use of an electrical panel or system. To make the pump operation process even more efficient, technical resources are required. For this reason, this internship proposes to support the construction component by monitoring the execution of the centrifugal pump test bench.Ítem Desarrollo de memorias de cálculo estandarizadas para un tren de tratamiento convencional en una planta compacta de agua potable y residual(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Daza Prieto, Jhonatan Andrés; Tovar Romero, Edward Leonardo; Tovar Romero, Edward Leonardo [0000-0002-0670-8611]This project, developed at the engineering consulting firm Profesional Hidráulico SAS, was driven by a deep interest in applied treatment hydraulics and originated from the firm's critical need to standardize and optimize its design processes for compact treatment plants. The central problem addressed was the absence of standardized calculation reports that simultaneously complied with current regulations, significantly streamlined the design process, and facilitated internal knowledge management. Consequently, the project focused on developing these standardized reports in Microsoft Excel for conventional potable water treatment (PTAP) and wastewater treatment (PTAR) trains. The methodology involved an exhaustive review of Colombian regulations (RAS, RES 0330, RES 799) to create user-friendly formats that simplify design, include normative validation, and specifically tackle the challenge of adapting large-population-oriented regulations to compact plants—which required justifying efficient, non-conventional technologies. The reports have been successfully implemented in real projects, proving their functionality and incorporating a coding system to improve the company's documentary management.Ítem Diagnóstico a la planta de tratamiento de agua potable del municipio de Chipaque (Cundinamarca)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Mejia Serrano, Victor Alfonso; Agualimpia Dualiby, Yolima Del Carmen; Agualimpia Dualiby Yolima Del Carmen [0000-0002-4262-954X]This study was conducted with the aim of diagnosing the drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) of the municipality of Chipaque, Cundinamarca, across each component of the treatment train, starting from the point of resource entry into the plant. Performing a technical diagnosis of the DWTP's current status is crucial for several reasons. Primarily, the periodic review of the current state of structures and equipment is of vital importance for maintaining the optimal operating parameters established in its initial design. The proper functioning of the various pieces of equipment (valves, meters, instruments, and controllers) and treatment units (flocculators, sedimenters, filters, storage tanks) guarantees that there are no service interruptions or deterioration in the quality of the water provided. Furthermore, this review also involves assessing the application of preventive maintenance protocols stipulated in the treatment plant's operation manuals.Each of the treatment plant's units and processes was sequentially addressed, evaluating the base design criteria stipulated by Colombian regulations for their optimal performance, and also reviewing the operational activities necessary for resource treatment.The research benefits the proper functioning of the Chipaque Cundinamarca drinking water treatment plant, with the objective of offering a quality service to the municipality's inhabitants and preventing public health problems. This internship work proposes diagnosing the plant's operation to reduce negative impact and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants, which translates into progress and well-being, aligning with the institutional mission of the university and the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources. Based on the diagnosis obtained, critical points in the operation and design of some units, as well as operational deficiencies in the treatment activity, are identified with a view to establishing improvement alternatives and reinforcing good work practices for the optimal functioning of the plant.Ítem Optimización del manejo de residuos sólidos orgánicos en la IPS PROSEGUIR mediante compostaje(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Pacheco Páez, Laura Melisa; Rodríguez Miranda , Juan Pablo; Rodríguez Miranda, Juan Pablo [0000-0002-3761-8221]This undergraduate thesis aims to optimize the management of organic solid waste generated in the kitchen of IPS Proseguir through the theoretical proposal of a composting model adapted to the healthcare environment. Currently, waste is segregated at the source but lacks a recovery process that reduces the burden on sanitary landfills and enables resource valorization. The proposal introduces a controlled composting system with biosafety, collection, and treatment protocols, capable of producing high-quality organic fertilizer for use in institutional green areas or community projects. It concludes that composting in healthcare facilities is feasible if clear technical guidelines, strict sanitary measures, and training programs are established, thus becoming a sustainable and replicable environmental strategy.Ítem Impacto del programa de vigías ambientales en el proceso de recertificación del nivel central de prosperidad social en la norma basura cero Internacional V5(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Peña Pico, Nicolle Vanessa; Sanchez Blanco , DoribelThis thesis analyzes the impact of the Environmental Monitors Program on the recertification process of the Central Level of the Administrative Department for Social Prosperity under the International Zero Waste Standard V5. During the internship, actions aimed at strengthening the Zero Waste Management System were developed, such as awareness-raising sessions, training sessions, recycling activities, and strategies to promote the circular economy. The results showed a significant improvement in waste management, achieving an actual recycling rate of 83%, exceeding the minimum required by the standard, and consolidating an institutional environmental culture based on proper source separation and responsible waste disposal. The study highlights the importance of the Environmental Monitors Program as a pedagogical tool that promotes sustainability and environmental co-responsibility at the institutional level.Ítem Diseño e implementación del plan de saneamiento básico en Outsourcing S.A.S BIC(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Montes Contreras, Laura Valentina; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucia; Mojica Hernández Martha Lucia [0000-0001-8329-9033]This report describes the development of the Basic Sanitation Plan at Outsourcing S.A.S BIC, focusing on the continuous improvement of sanitary, environmental, and workplace well-being conditions. The project included the structuring of cleaning and disinfection programs, water supply, comprehensive waste management, and pest control. As part of the process, a verification system was designed to periodically evaluate the compliance of each program and record the progress made. Additionally, a monitoring indicator was established to facilitate the tracking of the overall performance of the Basic Sanitation Plan and to support data-driven decision-making. The results showed significant improvements in the organization of cleaning activities, proper waste disposal, the frequency of tank cleaning, and preventive pest management. Overall, these actions strengthen the company's environmental management and consolidate an institutional culture oriented towards sustainability and occupational health.Ítem Apoyo en el fortalecimiento de la gestión ambiental en PROENFAR: inspección, control y sensibilización(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Giraldo Pantevez, Jeidy Tatiana; Garzón Jiménez, Sandra PatriciaThe degree project entitled Strengthening Environmental Management at Proenfar: Inspection, Control and Awareness was carried out at PROENFAR S.A.S., within the HSE area with a focus on environmental management, with the purpose of supporting the maintenance of international certifications (ISO 14001, ISO 45001, OHSAS 18001, ISO 15378) and the Zero Waste Global program. The activities included environmental inspections at the Bogotá plant, supervision of waste and chemical management, verification of emergency equipment, environmental awareness campaigns, and document management, organized methodologically in phases of diagnosis, technical and administrative intervention, and evaluation. As a result, operational environmental control was strengthened, organizational environmental culture was promoted, documentation traceability was improved, and the proper functioning of emergency response equipment was ensured, contributing to the continuous improvement of the company’s environmental management system and enabling the application of sanitary engineering knowledge in a business context.Ítem Apoyo en la actualización del plan de gestión integral de residuos generados en la atención odontológica en Dentix Colombia SAS(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Solano Indabur, Laura Tatiana; Sánchez Blanco, DoribelThis undergraduate thesis aimed to support the updating of the Comprehensive Waste Management Plan Generated in Dental Care (PGIRASA) at Dentix Colombia SAS, in compliance with Resolution 591 of 2024, which adopts the new Manual for the Comprehensive Management of Waste Generated in Health Care and Other Activities and repeals Resolution 1164 of 2002. The research included diagnosis, regulatory analysis, and the design of management tools to identify and classify hazardous and non-hazardous waste generated in dental clinics, establish segregation guidelines, as well as training strategies, contingency plans, and monitoring mechanisms. As a result, a PGIRASA was consolidated in line with the new legal and technical requirements, strengthening waste traceability, contributing to prevention in generation, improving hygienic–sanitary and environmental management, and providing a practical guide for regulatory compliance and the implementation of sustainable practices in the dental sector.Ítem Gestión para el desarrollo del plan de difusión del Proyecto Curricular de Ingeniería Sanitaria de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, focalizado en estudiantes de bachillerato y recién graduados(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Fernández Ramírez, Stefania; Valero Fandiño, Jorge AlbertoThe Sanitary Engineering Program at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas implemented an outreach plan aimed at high school seniors and recent graduates, with the objective of promoting the program and highlighting its relevance in addressing environmental and public health challenges. Through the distribution of over 200 brochures, informational talks, hands-on workshops, and guided laboratory visits, the initiative sought to bring young students closer to the field of sanitary engineering and demonstrate its importance for sustainable development. More than 100 students, teachers, and school administrators participated in these activities, valuing the clarity of the information and the practical experiences offered, which reflected the growing interest in the program. The project also helped to establish strong partnerships with schools in the localities of Bosa and Kennedy, strengthening the relationship between the university and the educational community. The outcomes were highly significant: 85% of participants found the information clear and relevant, while 60% expressed genuine interest in pursuing the program as a professional option. These results reaffirm the importance of continuing such initiatives, recommending the organization of central events and strategically scheduled visits aligned with the university’s academic calendar, in order to position Sanitary Engineering as both an attractive career path and a key discipline for the country’s environmental and social future.Ítem Implementación de un sistema de compostaje y agricultura urbana, para el aprovechamiento de los residuos sólidos generados en la unidad de protección integral “La Florida”(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Rosas Urbina, Claudia Alejandra; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucía; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucía [0000-0001-8329-9033]The present work has the general objective of implementing a composting and urban agriculture system at the Integral Protection Unit (UPI) La Florida, aimed at young people between 18 and 28 years old who have experienced homelessness or are at risk of it. The project arises as an option to make use of the solid waste generated in the facility and to promote environmentally friendly practices that strengthen environmental education, circular economy, and food sovereignty. The methodology used began with an initial diagnosis through basic information gathering and the application of surveys. This was followed by educational workshops to train the young participants and the implementation of the most viable composting technique: the Silva digester bale, selected for its low cost, odor control, and adaptability to the available space. Over four weeks, the waste generated was weighed and recorded, with the main types identified being organic waste, paper, cardboard, plastic, and aluminum. The results showed an increase in the participants' technical knowledge about urban agriculture and composting, as well as better utilization of organic waste for fertilizer production. This process not only contributed to reducing the volume of waste sent to final disposal but also strengthened the participants’ sense of belonging and community leadership. In conclusion, composting represents a key strategy for sustainably managing degradable solid waste in vulnerable urban contexts, and its implementation can be replicated in other Integral Protection Units of IDIPRON. It is also recommended to continue environmental education processes, establish strategic partnerships, and carry out follow-up actions to ensure the sustainability of the initiative.