Ingeniería Forestal
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Ítem Evaluación del crecimiento de las plántulas de 88 especies de hábito arbóreo, arbustivo, hierbas terrestres, escandecentes y palmas, presentes en el Vivero La Florida Del Jardín Botánico De Bogotá José Celestino MutisJiménez Núñez, Pablo Andrés; Vargas Pérez, John Alejandro; Carvajal Rojas, LyndonThe Nursery La Florida of the Bogotá Botanic Garden José Celestino Mutis has among its main objectives the production of plant material for ecological restoration, especially with respect to Andean forest and high Andean ecosystems, and other representative ecosystems of the sheet of Bogota. As part of the nursery work it is necessary to evaluate the growth of the species present in order to know its biology and physiology, also to know on average the production times, the time of delay in passing from one stage to another and the material requirements; which in turn help to standardize the processes of production and understanding of the physiological process of the plant. For this reason, all the species found in the restoration area of the Florida Nursery of the Bogotá Botanic Garden José Celestino Mutis are prioritized, since this area is the one with the highest priority for measurement within the nursery, to carry out this process was carried out to measure the growth (maximum height and stem diameter) of the 88 species prioritized during 4 for the development of initial growth curves. Similarly, the phytosanitary status was recorded in order to determine on a general scale the main diseases within the restoration area of the Florida nursery. Sampling of the leaves by species was also carried out to generate a descriptive and analytical analysis; based on three specific variables: Leaf area, specific leaf area and leaf content of dry matter, in order to determine the relationship between leaf traits and growth variables (height and diameter). Finally, with these results, we can arrive at some conclusions with which to make general recommendations to be carried out within the restoration area of the Florida Nursery of the Bogotá Botanical Garden José Celestino Mutis.Ítem Caracterización de propiedades físicas y químicas en suelos afectados por acción del incendio forestal Aguas Claras en los cerros orientales de BogotáRueda Enciso, Lady Johana; López Botia, FavioThe ecosystems present in the Eastern hills are very vulnerable to the disturbances that are generated there, be they anthropic or natural. At the beginning of 2016, a forest fire occurred in Los Cerros, affecting significantly the Cerro el Aguanoso, the Aguas Claras sector; This fire disturbed the high Andean ecosystem present in the area, symbolizing important losses in terms of biodiversity. In response to the above and with the objective of recovering the high Andean ecosystem of the area and the ecological functions that it fulfills, the Botanical Garden of Bogotá José Celestino Mutis, initiated actions aimed at reforestation of the area from the Pilot Research Area in Ecological Restoration (APIRE) - La Cascada. In the present study the level of affectation in the edaphic resource after the fire was analyzed, given that it fulfills vital functions for ecosystems, such as providing physical support, providing water and nutrients to plants, contributing to the cycling of matter and nutrients, among others; This analysis was carried out through a comparison of the physical and chemical properties of the soil with the non-affected zones.Ítem Aplicación de modelos matemáticos para la optimización del volumen de madera aprovechable dentro del plan operativo de corta en bosque húmedo tropical (San Pablo, Bolívar)Bermejo Cabrera, Leidy Tatiana; Garcia Higuera, Angela Bibiana; Leal Pulido, Robert OrlandoThe use of mathematical models for timber volume optimization in Colombia is a tool that has recently been explored, given the need to promote solutions that contribute to resource planning and management. It is estimated that 80% of the country's wood supply comes from natural forests. For this reason, it is considered essential to implement these tools in forest management areas, in order to provide information on native species of economic importance, assigning an efficient use of resources according to market requirements. The main objective is to optimize the harvestable volumetric yield of the species Clathrotropis brunnea from the data collected in the first unit of the operational cutting plan in Muribá - San Pablo (Bolívar). For this purpose, a quantification and characterization of the harvesting in the study area was carried out, determining variables such as diameter and height, before felling the tree and later in the cutting stages until the products were obtained, using the Smalian method for cubing. With the data obtained in the field, a taper model was adjusted to predict the diameter at any height of the trunk, which was the basis for generating a cutting simulator. Additionally, a matrix of cutting patterns (PC) was established for the different diameter classes (DC). To optimize the volume of wood, a prescriptive mathematical model was proposed based on the principles of linear programming using MATLAB version 9.3 software. In this way, the practical result is the generation of a log simulator that integrates in a program the calculation of the diameter at any height of the trunk, the user can define the length of the log and in an automated way the program assigns the PCs according to the CD. In addition, it allows setting variations in the mathematical modeling, either with or without demand requirements, maximization of the commercial volume according to the PC or the economic income it can generate. It was possible to identify that the proposed model is susceptible to changes, since it generates a large amount of output data for interpretation by the user; that is, from the moment the data is entered, the initial conditions that modify the cutting plan to be executed can be defined. The results of this research are remarkable, they provide methodological and practical elements in the use of mathematical models as planning tools in harvesting; in addition, they can be constantly adjusted and modified providing solutions for the study area. It is recommended to promote research and application of this area of knowledge in the forestry sector of the country.Ítem Despeje forestal bajo corredores en redes de conducción de energía en el departamento de BoyacáCáceres Flórez, Fernando; López Botía, FavioElectrical energy is relevant to the communities, it represents development to the humanity, economy, health and wellness depend on it. The supply quality of this essential resource is metered by the number of interruptions. External issues affect the supplying of electricity causing energy supply losses. One of them is directly related with trees, because of that the maintenance of the electrical grid call for high levels of forest growth controls. This will allow to be a step forward taking actions such as, tree trimming, cutting and removing small or medium size trees according to the needs, this way letting improving the electricity company’s management indicators. In this project it will be required a clearing forest along the low voltage electrical grid. A proper forest maintenance involves many activities running in the safest way, developing technical processes and then, an excellence wasting management process, all of that next to the suitable equipment and experienced people to execute all the activities successfully.Ítem Incidencia de las características anatómicas en las propiedades físico-mecánicas de Pseudolmedia Laevis (Ruiz & Pav.) j.f. macbr. proveniente del municipio el Retorno, departamento del GuaviareRodríguez Figueroa, Daniela Alejandra; Martínez Guevara, Carolina; Leal, Robert OrlandoThe relationships of the anatomical structures and physical-mechanical properties of the wood were established to determine the potential uses of Pseudolmedia laevis from the municipality of El Retorno (Guaviare). Three individuals were selected at the Estación Experimental El Trueno of the Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHI. This material was processed under the methodology established by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) and the Panamerican Committee for Technical Standards (COPANT) and the parameters established by the IAWA (International Association of Wood Anatomists). The structure-property relationship was determined from a Spearman correlation and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to express the strength values as a function of the anatomical characters expressing a significant pattern. P. laevis presented a basic density and high volumetric shrinkage of 0,69 g/cm3and 15,82%, respectively. The strength values for perpendicular compression (RLP: 107,90 kg/cm2), end hardness (898,87 kg) and sides (817,61 kg) and shear (EUM: 155,08 kg/cm2) were classified as high; while radial bending (RLP: 494,40 kg/cm2, MOE: 101511,01 kg/cm) and tangential (RLP: 590.48 kg/cm2; MOE 124271.91: kg/cm2) were medium. At the anatomical level, it is characterized by septate fibers and contents of gums, silica, laticiferous tubes and crystals in radial parenchyma. Fiber thickness presented significant relationships (p < 0.05) with basic (r: 0.310) and anhydrous (r: 0.310) density, which in turn determine the high values of mechanical resistance. The length of the fibers had an influence on radial shear (r: -0.350) and hardness at their ends (r: 0.350) and radial direction (r: 0.400). The width of the rays had an influence on radial bending (r -0.390) and the lumen diameter on tangential bending (r: 0.340)Ítem Influencia de la topografía en la severidad de un incendio forestal de bosque seco tropical en la Cuenca Alta del Río Magdalena.Alfonso Martínez, María Fernanda; Montealegre Ramírez, Manuel Felipe; Parrado Roselli, Angela; Fernández Gómez, Wilmar DarioIn the last fifty decades, multiple fires have been registered in the Colombian tropical dry forest, this ecosystem is one of the most vulnerable to these continuous disturbances. However, the studies of these fires are based on the climatic characteristics and the types of coverage, ignoring the topographic which affects the occurrence and behavior of the fires. Therefore, this study evaluated the severity of a fire that occurred in a tropical dry forest in the municipality of Honda - Tolima and the order of importance of the topographic variables (Slope, Aspect, TPI and TWI) was determined. Decision Trees and Random Forests machine learning models were used to model the probability of severity prediction based on topography. The results of the present study concluded that the influence of the topography largely defines the different severities of the fire, showing that the slope, the aspect and the topographic position are variables with the greatest influence on the classification of fire severities, while the Topographic humidity was not relevant in this determination. Therefore, it is important to take into account topographic variables when evaluating severity in order to generate mitigation and management actions before fire in highly vulnerable areas.Ítem Análisis estadístico comparativo de la estructura, fisionomía, diversidad y factores ambientales del transecto parque los nevados(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Hernández Silva, Nicolas; Cantillo Higuera, Edgard ErnestoColombia es reconocida como uno de los países de mayor diversidad biológica o biodiversidad a nivel mundial. Con una superficie continental menor al 1 % de la extensión global, en el país se encuentran en promedio el 14 % de las especies de vertebrados y de plantas vasculares conocidas (MMA, 1997). El conocimiento de la biodiversidad es incipiente, a pesar de los esfuerzos que se han realizado, así como de los aspectos ecológicos que conforman el bosque natural tropical, como por ejemplo su función, estructura, grado de recuperabilidad a las perturbaciones naturales o causadas por el hombre (resiliencia). La necesidad de comprender el comportamiento de la vegetación para utilizar esta información en posteriores investigaciones, proyectos y ensayos en el campo de la restauración, manejo sostenible y otros, requiere estudios que permitan contar con este tipo de información que se encuentra hasta ahora en desarrollo, faltando mucho por investigar. Este trabajo busca generar conocimientos investigativos que permitan avanzar en la comprensión de la dinámica de la vegetación de la cordillera central colombiana con el estudio del transecto parque los nevados de la expedición Ecoandes 1.980, tratando de aprovechar el inmenso esfuerzo que ya se ha realizado y entendiendo que la información secundaria tiene gran importancia y puede ser utilizada, en este caso, herramientas estadísticas que permiten disgregar y concluir en favor de dicha comprensión.Ítem Apoyo en la elaboración del plan de manejo silvicultural para el arbolado del Club Los LagartosOjeda Pérez, Angélica María; Polanco Tapia, César; Saavedra, PaolaThe current document presents the state of the trees found in the Club los Lagartos, where the physical and health status of 6,000 arboreal individuals was evaluated in four (4) sectors of the club known as Corea Golf Course, David Gutiérrez Golf Course , around the main lake and the Racket. The silvicultural treatments proposed for the evaluation of the trees were: felling, pruning, transfer, integral treatment, conservation and felled individuals, this last item was evaluated taking into account those individuals that were used between the years 2016 to 2019.Ítem Modelación de las principales operaciones de la empresa reforestadora Cumare a través de dinámica de sistemasLorenzana Velosa, Wendy Katherin; Montaño Hernández, Valentina; Leal Pulido, Robert Orlando; Mesa Reyes, José AntonioAnalyses through systems dynamics allow reaching a reliable solution to a problem defined within a company based on the structural recognition of the process to be improved. This study carried out a quantitative and qualitative analysis of a Cumare reforestation company in Colombia in order to determine bottlenecks processes susceptible to improvement and alternatives that would allow the increase of performance and productivity of the four main operations (Elaboration of boxes, fertilization, plantation and re-plantation). In the research, the forrester model of the studied operations was designed, where the variables of each one were identified, the interactions between these and the performance with their statistical distribution in the main variable. All this was obtained from the study of methods, times and yields. Each procedure was valued based on the differentiation of three contractor companies whose applied methods varied among themselves.Ítem Modelación del Efecto del Cambio de Uso del Suelo en la Cuenca del Rio Coello, Bajo Escenario de Cambio Climático, A Través De La Aplicación Del Modelo Hidrológico SWAT (Soil And Water Assessment Tool)Castañeda Morales, Yeraldine; Franco, Helvar RodolfoIt is important to consider the current dynamics such as climate change and land use change, in order to evaluate the possible effects on water resources. In this context, the present research aims to determine and evaluate the effect of land use change under ideal conditions under a scenario of climate change in the Coello River basin, which is located in the department of Tolima in Colombia, through of the application of the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) hydrological model. The watershed occupies 7.8% of the department and is important because it is a source of supply of different municipalities including the departmental capital, in addition it is the largest irrigation district in the country, where electricity is also generated. For the hydrological modeling, data from the periods 1988-2007 and 2011-2030 were used, the climatic data were calculated from general circulation models (GCM) and regional circulation models (RCM), in this case was used PRECIS model applying the HadCM3 model with the A1B scenario proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The methodology for the recommended use map of Zúñiga 2010 was used for the land use change scenario, where the uses are determined according to the characteristics of the territory. The SWAT model was manually calibrated according to the observed monthly flow data for the period 1988 - 2007 in the Payandé station, obtaining goodness of fit of the model rated as very good (COE: 0.64, R2: 0.82). The SWAT model estimated the flows for the period 2011-2030 with and without land use change. For the scenario without land use change, a reduction of 3.45% of the average annual flow was obtained in comparison with the reference period (1988-2007), while for the scenario with land use change there was an increase of the average annual flow of 19.33%, compared to the reference period. It was also compared the estimation of the flow between the scenarios with and without land use change in the period 2011-2030, where the scenario with land use change presents an increase of 23.59% of the mean annual flow with respect to the scenario without land use change. The high degree of uncertainty in global circulation models should be taken into account in assessing potential future climate impacts to make decisions on actions to adapt to climate change in the area. However, this is a good starting point for planning and integrated management basin.Ítem Ecología química y su aplicación potencial en el manejo forestal sostenibleDaza Fandiño, David Camilo; López Botía, FavioChemical ecology (CE) is a relatively recent discipline that began to be studied in the middle of the 20th century, obtaining promising results for the management of natural resources. Its main objective is the study of secondary metabolites (SM) and the interactions mediated by these compounds synthesized by all living organisms. SM condition behaviors such as growth, productivity, allelopathy, biological synergies, defense, resistance to pests and diseases, wood lignification, pollination, and the production of exudates such as latex, among others. In general, SM synthesis is mainly determined by the gene pool; however, different studies have confirmed that the interaction of the organism with the environment, both biotic and abiotic, significantly affects the quantity, quality and presence or absence of these compounds, generating changes in the behavior of organisms even within the same species. The forestry sector has several aspects that could be optimized to achieve greater competitiveness and environmental, social and economic benefits. One of these aspects is the management of the ecological component, which involves reducing the impact of pests and diseases, improving productivity, obtaining higher quality and value-added products, enhancing the ecosystem services of forests, increasing the effectiveness of rehabilitation and assisted restoration of degraded areas, among others. However, ecological studies and their application to forest management have neglected the CE approach, which has shown great potential in agricultural sciences, becoming a key tool for the management of important crops worldwide. The main objective of this monograph is to identify the potential application of CE in sustainable forest management in order to increase its effectiveness and enhance the competitiveness of the sector. To this end, an extensive literature review is carried out to establish a conceptual framework for understanding the theoretical scope of CE and its main concepts, methods and tools. This is followed by a research framework to show the application potential of this discipline in different areas of agricultural and forestry management. Then, we describe how CE can be implemented in multiple areas of forest engineering. Finally, three lines of applied research are proposed in which CE can contribute important techniques that could be incorporated into forestry activities, thus generating a document that allows students and foresters to establish a starting point for future applied research that, in the medium term, will be a significant and highly effective advance to solve and/or improve multiple problems still unresolved in sustainable forest management.Ítem Relación entre la severidad de quemado y la recuperación de la vegetación post-incendio en un bosque altoandino en el cerro Aguanoso, cerros orientales, BogotáPinilla Castañeda, Carlos Andrés; Rodríguez Carlos, Paula Andrea; Parrado Roselli, Angela; Ocampo Zuleta, Korina; Ocampo Zuleta, Korina [0000-0001-7380-7751]Burn severity which is defined as the level of damage and ecosystem perturbation. Can be clasified into different levels depending of the magnitude of damage that is generated, it depends of the coverage type and its sensitivity or tolerance to fire. Therefore, knowing the burn severity after a wildfire is essential to understand the fire effect and management of the area. The severity´s assesment was performed in the forest reserve Cerros Orientales of Bogotá, specifically for Cerro Aguanoso and surroundings, also there are exotic species plantations (pine and eucalyptus), shrubberyn among others. Satellite images were used and an atmospheric correction was made to establish the burn severity, recovery and changes of those areas starting from a pre-fire scenario and five years of evaluation after the disturbance. Using vegetation indices (NDVI and NBR) and additionally performing the Corine Land Cover methodology adapted for Colombia. Also, the change in cover after the fire and during five years in the affected area was identified, by taking a picture each year starting in 2016 before the fire and continuing from 2018 to 2021 in which the greatest changes were presented for secondary vegetation cover, ´´herbazal´´ and ´´ latifoliadas´´ plantation, while the ´´coníferas´´ did not show any considerable changes. The burn severity for most of the area showed moderated levels (high-moderated) and the most affected areas were the secondary vegetation and ´´latifoliadas´´ plantation, followed by ´´ herbazal´´, while ´´ coníferas´´ plantation showed moderate to low severity. The condition (NDVI) allowed to identify a general recovery in the area evaluated five years after the fire, highlighting médium and high increase of the condition, as well as uniformity conditions by 2021, decreasing the patches in which low conditions were present by 2016, therefore, it is concluded that satellite images were very useful to identify the effect of the forest fire that occurred in 2016, and the recovery capacity of some vegetation covers.Ítem Apoyo en la actualización del inventario e indicadores de techos verdes y jardines verticales y establecimiento de parcelas demostrativas para evaluar la adaptabilidad de especies como coberturas en este tipo de tecnologías en la ciudad de BogotáAcevedo Romero, Juan Camilo; Palacios Palacios, Olga IsabelA Technical Report is presented updating the district inventory of green roofs and vertical gardens and indicators with a description of the demonstration plots installed to evaluate the suitability of different species in this type of technology for the city of Bogota.Ítem Apoyo al análisis de la deforestación tras la firma de los acuerdos de paz en la amazonia baja del departamento del Putumayo, utilizando la metodología MapBiomasRestrepo Galvis, Miguel Ángel; Rojas Suárez, Adriana; Rivas, Mariam; Rivas, Mariam [0000-0002-6792-3630]Given the multiple problems that arise from the presence of the FARC in the Colombian territory, especially in the department of Putumayo, the development of this document seeks to identify whether there is any relationship between their presence and deforestation in the region, through multitemporal spatial analysis from 1985 to 2020 (general change of coverage), Similarly, the temporality is evaluated from 2013 to 2016 (pre-agreement) and from 2016 to 2020 (post-agreement), taking as a break point the date of the signing of the peace agreements in Colombia, in order to compare the trends of deforestation behavior in the area. In this sense, data processed through the MapBiomas methodology are taken, from which, it can be concluded that in the areas where there was FARC presence (documented) there is a correlation of this variable and the change in coverage, where the places with presence have a significant decrease in forest cover, compared to the areas where there was no record of it.Ítem Diseño de un plan de monitoreo de restauración ecológica para la Reserva Biológica Encenillo en Guasca, CundinamarcaReyes Hernández, Miguel Leonardo; Mora Medina, Laura Andrea; Avella Muñoz, Edgar AndrésThe Encenillo Biological Reserve is a private protected area of civil society, which is located in the municipality of Guasca (Cundinamarca), was established in 2007 with the purpose of conserving the Encenillo forests, the fauna and flora present in them. . Ecological restoration activities have been carried out in this territory in the last ten years by the Fundación Natura. It is recognized that the monitoring of ecological restoration processes is essential for decision-making and the implementation of possible actions that allow improving the conditions in which the intervened area is found, following the established objectives. In this professional practice proposal through the internship modality, it was proposed to design a monitoring plan for the restoration of the RBE based on a diagnosis of the study area and the objectives that were proposed in it at the time of establishing actions to its restoration. Having clear important concepts for the evaluation of the restoration, such as the phases and scope that the monitoring process will have, as well as parameters, indicators and quantifiers that allow the foundation to determine if the processes that are being developed in the reserve are generating the expected results, if not, be able to recognize what is failing and take the necessary corrective measures; At the end of the document, a format was generated in which it is advisable to take strategic data from the restoration.Ítem Caracterización del suelo y recomendaciones de manejo para la restauración ecológica vereda Chipautá, Guaduas, CundinamarcaFuentes Camargo, Anyela Viviana; Camargo Ramos, Wilson David; Lagos Caballero, Jesús AlbertoThe work carried out in Chipautá, municipality of Guaduas Cundinamarca, consists of the characterization of physical and chemical elements of soil in vegetation sampling areas consisting of rectangular plots of 0.01 hectares in order to determine the relationships between the aforementioned elements and conditions of the 25 parcels mainly related to vegetation. In the first place, a bibliographical review is generated to determine in general terms the geological, geomorphological and edaphic conditions of the study area; later, the characterization of soils is divided into two large fields, a physical part mainly directed towards the method analysis three-phase heterogeneous and dispersed, in addition to a statistical analysis of analysis of variance through the Statistix program. The chemical part was carried out by extracting soil samples at a depth of approximately 30 cm after being taken to the Soil Laboratory of the Agustín Codazzi IGAC Geographic Institute. The physical analysis was done by extracting from the middle point of each plot, soil samples with the help of metal cylinders having rows of 5 samples every 10 centimeters differentiating epipedon from endopedon and taken to the Laboratory of Soils of the District University to submit to drying. As a result, sand texture predominates in 52% of the studied areas, most of the soils are acidic, although there are areas without limitation due to interchangeable acidity, organic carbon levels are high as is nitrogen, there is a relative deficiency of Mg, high ICC, there are plots whose vegetation cover is less abundant with respect to their peers, which affects the physical characteristics related to porosity and humidity, attributable to the smaller amount of root systems and organic materials.Ítem Distribución espacial y dinámica de la biomasa del bosque alto andino en Guasca,CundinamarcaCastillo Martín, Leidy Tatiana; Martínez Acero, Cindy Paola; López Camacho, RenéOn a permanent plot of 1 ha in the life zone of bmh-MB located in the El Encenillo Reserve, the location and spatial relationship of the 4 most important species of the IVI, the variation in the aboveground biomass, and its relationship with the topographic gradient (altitude and slope). Aboveground biomass was calculated using specific allometric equations for each of the selected species, which include the DAP as a variable: taking into account measurements made in the years 2009 and 2013, it was possible to determine the increases per individual for each of the species, Thus, it was found that Weinmannia tomentosa and Drimys granadensis present the greatest increases in biomass with respect to the other species, although this occurred in specific areas, and could be determined by the soil gradient, which was not evaluated in this study. In the case of Cavendishia bracteata and Drimys granadensis, the species have a random distribution, while Weinmannia tomentosa and Bejaria resinosa, showed a grouped distribution, mainly associated with their dispersion, germination and function in the forest. The aboveground biomass for the plot (DAP fust ≥10 cm) was 152 t ha¯¹, this value is higher than that reported for high Andean forests in Colombia by Phillips et al. (2011), López (2015), and Sanabria and Puentes (2017) with values of 125.46, 177.5, 141.46 t ha¯¹ respectively. The maximum difference in altitude within the plot was 33 m, and the slope covered percentages of 15 to 40%. Through an ACP, it was possible to establish that there was no positive relationship between the spatial, biomass and topographic variables, given that the spatial variation of aboveground biomass for the 4 species was not explained by altitude or slope. With this, it is concluded that although high Andean forests develop in a heterogeneous environment in terms of topography, it cannot be used to predict aboveground biomass or distribution, it is recommended for subsequent studies the inclusion of edaphic variables that determine their influence on the spatial and biomass variables evaluated here.Ítem Efecto De Diferentes Niveles De Diversidad Microbiana Del Suelo En La Relación Simbiótica Planta – Hongo Micorrízico ArbuscularPeña Sierra, Diana Yulieth; Rodríguez Ramos, Lucero Viviana; López Botía, FavioArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts that stimulate plant development from the colonization of root tissues in more than 80% of plants. There are many benefits of this relationship, such as increasing the absorption surface of the root, facilitating the uptake of insoluble phosphorus, increasing resistance to pathogens, among others; consolidating them as organisms of high importance for the development of plants. Just as AMF, other microorganisms that make up the high microbial diversity of the soil, such as bacteria, maintain a complex network of interactions that may affect mycorrhizal colonization (CM) and establish a synergistic relationship with AMF; However, there are theoretical gaps regarding this dynamic. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different levels of microbial diversity in the soil, in the plant symbiotic relationship - HMA. Initially a CM experiment was carried out to select two model plants from six different plant species: Maize (Zea mays), Brizantha (Brachiaria brizantha), Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), Soya (Glycine max), Wheat (Triticum aestivum), and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) inoculated with three species of AMF: Rhizophagus clarus; Dentiscutata heterogama and Acalouspora colombiana. Subsequently, the two plant species with higher MC rates were inoculated with the three AMF species at different levels of microbial diversity, obtained from: i) successive dilutions (10-1 10-3 or 10-6); and ii) heat treatment (50, 80 or 100ºC), again evaluating the CM rate. Finally, the evaluation and correlation of MC rates of the plants was performed according to the different levels of microbial diversity, to determine their effect on the mycorrhizal relation. An indirect influence of the microbial community on MC was observed, given the restriction in the availability of soil nutrients, such as nitrogen, making mycorrhization difficult. The symbiosis of Crotalaria juncea with Rhizobium bacteria, increased mycorrhization by tripartite plant-HMA-Microbial Community interaction, different from Brachiaria brizantha where MC varied due to the decrease of the microbial community. Finally, A. colombiana and D. heterogama are possibly more resistant to soil restrictive conditions, achieving mycorrhization, unlike what happened with R. clarus, whose colonization rates varied according to alterations in soil microbial diversity. It is concluded that CM is influenced not only by microbial diversity but also by intrinsic characteristics of both the host plant and the AMF species.Ítem Evaluación de anillos de crecimiento de la especie Acacia Mangium Willd en función de proponer un regímen de aclareo para las plantaciones en el departamento del MetaFigueroa Niño, Diana Carolina; Guzmán García, Jeniffer Katherine; Polanco Tapias, César Augusto; Triana Gómez, Max AlejandroRecent forestry studies have shown the relationship between the growth rate of tree species with the anatomy of the tree, the influence of climatic and phenological variations, among others. The present work arose with the purpose of generating research that includes silvicultural processes to favor the development of forest plantations in the Orinoquia of Colombia; the issue arises from the importance of the link between the influence of forest management and the characteristics of wood such as growth rings. The aim is to propose a thinning regime to improve the growth and quality of the wood in individuals of commercial plantations of Acacia Mangium Willd, bearing in mind that the study area does not present any thinning process. A sampling of 521 trees was carried out at random in 2000 ha, taking two different heights of the stem (0.0 and 6mts) for a total of 1042 slices, in separate plantations located in the municipalities of Puerto Gaitán and San Martin in the Department of Goal. The material was transported and dried in the air for subsequent preparation by means of sanding and variables such as log diameter, number of rings, width, deformation, and sapwood / heartwood ratio were measured to fully identify the formation and macroscopic delimitation. of the growth rings. Later, the final selection was made of the 32 most representative samples, with at least one for each block, of each farm, perfecting the machining and measuring four radii of each piece (slice) to improve the reliability of the information; after the scanning and digital analysis of the material, it incorporated the climatological analysis of the area. The statistical analysis of the study was developed with the SSPS software (v.15) obtaining the descriptive values and the principal component analysis to relate the variables studied. Finally, the direct relationship between the dry season and the formation of growth rings for this species was concluded; In addition, the analysis of the variables related to these anatomical structures provided the necessary information to propose the most appropriate thinning regime for the species.Ítem Formulación plan de manejo predio Finca Ecoturística El Alcaraván, Vereda Maracos, Granada (Meta)Agudelo Duarte, Jhoana Milena; Vásquez González, Jessica Paola; Rojas Carvajal, LyndonThe El Alcaraván Ecotourism Farm has a total area of 3.6 ha, of which 2.1 corresponds to a body of water cataloged by the Corporation for the Sustainable Development of the Macarena (CORMACARENA) as a strategic ecosystem of artificial wetland (VIAM, 2020), which plays a very important role as a wildlife refuge for the region and conservation of the local water resource, also around it has the presence of flora representative of the tropical humid forest (bh-T), becoming the refuge of species endangered flora such as cedar (Cedrela odorata L.) and male cedar (Pachira quinata (Jacq.) W.S. Alverson) and fauna such as the savanna turtle (Podonecmis vogli). Due to the aforementioned, the idea of strengthening conservation work through the consolidation of the farm as a Natural Reserve of Civil Society (RNSC), focused on the ecotourism and environmental education through conservation, maintaining fauna and flora in viable conditions, promoting the process of vegetation restoration through the enrichment having as reference ecosystem the tropical humid forest (bh-T) and provided ecosystem services to the surrounding community. The present work is developed, following the guidelines of National Natural Parks, Association Network of Natural Reserves of Civil Society (Resnatur) and Orinoquia Regional System of Protected Areas (SIRAP Orinoquia) that allow to carry out the work defining the phases of diagnosis, ordering, zoning, action plan and monitoring.