Evaluación de anillos de crecimiento de la especie Acacia Mangium Willd en función de proponer un regímen de aclareo para las plantaciones en el departamento del Meta

Abstract

Recent forestry studies have shown the relationship between the growth rate of tree species with the anatomy of the tree, the influence of climatic and phenological variations, among others. The present work arose with the purpose of generating research that includes silvicultural processes to favor the development of forest plantations in the Orinoquia of Colombia; the issue arises from the importance of the link between the influence of forest management and the characteristics of wood such as growth rings. The aim is to propose a thinning regime to improve the growth and quality of the wood in individuals of commercial plantations of Acacia Mangium Willd, bearing in mind that the study area does not present any thinning process. A sampling of 521 trees was carried out at random in 2000 ha, taking two different heights of the stem (0.0 and 6mts) for a total of 1042 slices, in separate plantations located in the municipalities of Puerto Gaitán and San Martin in the Department of Goal. The material was transported and dried in the air for subsequent preparation by means of sanding and variables such as log diameter, number of rings, width, deformation, and sapwood / heartwood ratio were measured to fully identify the formation and macroscopic delimitation. of the growth rings. Later, the final selection was made of the 32 most representative samples, with at least one for each block, of each farm, perfecting the machining and measuring four radii of each piece (slice) to improve the reliability of the information; after the scanning and digital analysis of the material, it incorporated the climatological analysis of the area. The statistical analysis of the study was developed with the SSPS software (v.15) obtaining the descriptive values and the principal component analysis to relate the variables studied. Finally, the direct relationship between the dry season and the formation of growth rings for this species was concluded; In addition, the analysis of the variables related to these anatomical structures provided the necessary information to propose the most appropriate thinning regime for the species.