Distribución espacial y dinámica de la biomasa del bosque alto andino en Guasca,Cundinamarca

Abstract

On a permanent plot of 1 ha in the life zone of bmh-MB located in the El Encenillo Reserve, the location and spatial relationship of the 4 most important species of the IVI, the variation in the aboveground biomass, and its relationship with the topographic gradient (altitude and slope). Aboveground biomass was calculated using specific allometric equations for each of the selected species, which include the DAP as a variable: taking into account measurements made in the years 2009 and 2013, it was possible to determine the increases per individual for each of the species, Thus, it was found that Weinmannia tomentosa and Drimys granadensis present the greatest increases in biomass with respect to the other species, although this occurred in specific areas, and could be determined by the soil gradient, which was not evaluated in this study. In the case of Cavendishia bracteata and Drimys granadensis, the species have a random distribution, while Weinmannia tomentosa and Bejaria resinosa, showed a grouped distribution, mainly associated with their dispersion, germination and function in the forest. The aboveground biomass for the plot (DAP fust ≥10 cm) was 152 t ha¯¹, this value is higher than that reported for high Andean forests in Colombia by Phillips et al. (2011), López (2015), and Sanabria and Puentes (2017) with values of 125.46, 177.5, 141.46 t ha¯¹ respectively. The maximum difference in altitude within the plot was 33 m, and the slope covered percentages of 15 to 40%. Through an ACP, it was possible to establish that there was no positive relationship between the spatial, biomass and topographic variables, given that the spatial variation of aboveground biomass for the 4 species was not explained by altitude or slope. With this, it is concluded that although high Andean forests develop in a heterogeneous environment in terms of topography, it cannot be used to predict aboveground biomass or distribution, it is recommended for subsequent studies the inclusion of edaphic variables that determine their influence on the spatial and biomass variables evaluated here.