Tecnología en Saneamiento Ambiental
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/2020
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Ítem Acciones dirigidas al logro del registro de la colección biológica de especímenes liquénicos del laboratorio de ecología y zoonosis de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de caldas sede PorvenirEnciso Díaz, Diana Rocío; Hernández Gutiérrez, Sebastián Felipe; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomás; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomás [0000-0002-5840-6957]At present it is necessary to have means that serve as disseminators of scientific information, in order to strengthen in this way the academic potential of society, which is why the Francisco José de Caldas District University as an educational entity in connection with the social environment must promote the dialogue of knowledge, promoting the production and reproduction of research understanding, encouraging the growth of knowledge in citizenship to also nourish future generations of knowledge, reasoning and argumentation; It is there where spaces such as the ecology and zoonosis laboratory of the Porvenir headquarters , are as relevant as practical classrooms for the exchange of knowledge, exploration and research. This laboratory has a biological collection of lichen specimens that is losing academic value because it is confined in this space without access to appropriate exposure and recognition. It is for this reason that this internship is aimed at carrying out actions for the direction of the registration of this biological collection, through the creation of protocols aimed at the care, conservation and management of said specimens, to acquire the recognition of the described collection by the Von Humboldt Research Institute, which acts as a delegate of the country's biological collections and thus promote the dissemination of the information compiled from each sample that integrates the collection before the academic guild.Ítem Acompañamiento en el desarrollo del componente social que promueve y fortalece la jardinería urbana en las intervenciones adelantadas del proyecto "Bogotá florece en casa" del Jardín Botánico de Bogotá José Celestino MutisGutiérrez Caycedo, Jenniffer Johanna; Carmen Reyes, Karina; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomás; Santacruz, Sandra MilenaThe project "Bogotá Blorece en Casa" contributes to the improvement of the environmental sense of the communities found in the neighborhoods of strata 1 and 2 of Bogotá, seeking that these communities appropriate activities such as urban gardening, in such a way that they change their vision and way of acting environmentally, through environmental education. This action is achieved through the planting of the Bouganvillea species, which will be planted on the facades of the houses; This plant has a previous study by the Bogotá Botanical Garden which guarantees the owner or the person in charge of the house that it will not generate any type of affectation due to soil removal or leaks, due to the length of the roots it is short. This planting is carried out on different days in various homes that meet the appropriate conditions. In this way, it is possible to contribute to the recovery of the vegetation cover of the area and to the improvement of air quality. On the other hand, the Bogota Botanical Garden will be in charge of carrying out two maintenances a year in order to maintain the project. Finally, the project is part of the Development Plan "Bogotá better for all 2016-2020" of the Mayor's Office of Bogotá D.C.Ítem Actividad antimicrobiana del extracto acuoso de ajo sobre algunas bacterias gramnegativas: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa y P. fluorescensCarvajal León, Iván Steven; Acosta Peñaloza, Gloria Stella; Acosta Peñaloza, Gloria Stella [0000-0003-0166-3490]Garlic has several virtues, both culinary and pharmaceutical, which arouse great interest in natural medicine, especially for its antimicrobial activity. Because of this, this experimental study was proposed to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of the aqueous extract derived from garlic maceration against some Gram-negative bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. fluorescens. These bacteria were obtained from the strain colletion of the microbiology laboratory, Ciudadela Universitaria El Porvenir, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. For antibiosis tests, we worked with the garlic species Allium sativum, which was obtained from a market place. For the evaluation, the chemical compound allicin from garlic was activated through a maceration process. The evaluation method used consisted of exposing the bacterial strains to the aqueous garlic extract in Müller–Hinton agar. The mass cultivation method was made with an inoculum of 0.5 following the McFarland standard. This method use the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous garlic extract on some Gram-negative bacteria was achieved by qualitative readings; presence or absence of inhibitory halos. The entire process carried out maintaining asepsis in the work and following the good laboratory practices. Once the results were obtained and the laboratory tasks were completed, the biological material was neutralized and finally disposed of.Ítem Actividades de apoyo para la clasificación y etiquetado de la colección de líquenes del laboratorio de ecología y zoonosisTriana Rodríguez, Julián Alejandro; Forero Santos, Jhoam Sebastián; Corradine Mora, Diego TomásIn the present project, which was carried out in the Ecology and Zoonosis laboratory of the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, the taxonomic identification of lichens collected in field trips was carried out. In this process, 97 lichenized organisms were classified with the help of optical equipment that allowed us to observe the microscopic and macroscopic morphologies of each specimen, as well as using the taxonomic keys of Moncada & Lüecking, R. (2021) and Barreno, E, & Pérez-Ortega, S. (2003), it was possible to obtain a more accurate classification in the repository. On the other hand, during the course of this internship it was possible to observe certain difficulties in the process due to the poor preservation of the organisms in the laboratory as well as the way they were stored, which is why an attempt was made to identify the lichens in conditions for the consolidation of a future collection.Ítem Actividades de apoyo para la clasificación y etiquetado de la colección de macroinvertebrados del Laboratorio de Ecología y Zoonosis.Cardenas Espinosa, Mauricio; Robayo Rodríguez, Jessica Geraldine; Corradaine Mora, Diego Tomas; Corradaine Mora, Diego Tomas [0000-0002-5840-6957]This project was carried out in the Ecology and Zoonosis Laboratory of the Francisco José de Caldas District University, Bosa Porvenir Campus, where the taxonomic classification of the macroinvertebrate species was collected in field trips that were not correctly identified, labeled and stored. Focusing on identifying and classifying up to the taxon order at least 60% of the collection. From this, a database and an image bank were created that will facilitate the access and search of information for the development of academic projects, as well as a correct storage so that the collection can be preserved over time.Ítem Actualización al programa de uso eficiente y ahorro del agua en Frigorífico Guadalupe S.A.SAriza Benavidez, Natalia Milena; Corradine, Diego TomasFRIGORÍFICO GUADALUPE it is a business and integral services Centre, whose main economic activity consists bovine and pig cattle’s benefit, manipulation, extraction and also enlistment of the products resulting from the slaughter of animals, generating value for the chain meat and his derivatives. He has more than fifty years of experience, positioning himself as a benchmark in the meat industry. Those activities are classified with ISIC Code 1011 (processing and preservation of meat and meat products). It is currently certified by ISO 14001: 2015 (Environmental Management system) and generate annually sustainability reports under the GRI standards. Due to the productive activity that is carried out, it generates a considerable consumption of water and energy, that is why is definitely necessary to carry out permanent monitoring of the resource and of how it is used, thus ensuring regulatory compliance and the other requirements of the sector. In addition to the above, the constant expansion of the market shows the need to implement updates of practices so that production has high-quality standards and at the same time is sustainable and friendly to the environment. This work updated the program for saving and efficient use of water for Frigorifico Guadalupe, to improve the current mechanisms that are used, and thus strengthen control over the use of water resources in the different activities carried out. within the organization.Ítem Actualización de los PGIRS en el centro industrial y de desarrollo empresarial Soacha e implementación en la subsede Sibate- regional Cundinamarca (SENA)Viasus Vanegas, Valentina; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucia; Castro Cortina, Manuel FernandoThe national apprenticeship service-SENA from its Environmental Management Subsystem sustainably manages its significant aspects and challenges in articulation with the Integrated Management and Self-Control System-SIGA, commits to the control of emissions, discharges and waste generated by within the entity and to promote awareness for the respect and protection of the environment among apprentices, public servants and contractors who provide services on behalf of the entity.Ítem Actualizacion del plan de emergencias del Colegio Jaime Quijano CaballeroHerrera Fonseca, Heidy Geraldine; Mojica Hernández, Martha LucíaJaime Quijano Caballero school (formerly called "Integrated Polytechnic Institute Kennedy Town") account (at this time) with about 530 members in their community. This school takes courses kindergarten through eleventh. Currently the campus is comprised of a first floor composed of classrooms, labs, restrooms, multiple hall, audiovisual room, cafeteria, teachers, kitchen staff, etc., and a second plant for administrative staff. Because of their perseverance by continuous quality as an educational institution, Jaime Quijano Caballero school has an emergency plan that was implemented, but this has not been updated since 2011. It is therefore arises the need for proper updates and / or corrections in accordance with changes (in Colombian law and the increase in the student population and the staff working there). The development of this project was carried out in four phases, the first corresponded to the inventory of useful items for emergencies and for the identification and assessment of vulnerabilities. The second, accurate verification of existing staff, the college plans, dimensions and corresponding emergency exits were made. In the third, after application of the methodology designed by the FOPAE (Methodology Risk Analysis by color and methodology preliminary risk analysis) analysis of vulnerability (see Table No. 7), two imminent threats were identified, these were the revolts and / or riots and hailstorms. And for the analysis of vulnerability of people, resources, systems and processes, a result average was calculated in the first two aspects and low in the following (respectively). Finalizing this phase was concluded that the risk of the institution is average. In the fourth phase of this project was the creation of the seven school emergency brigades Jaime Quijano Caballero, these were: First Aid Firefighting Evacuation Coordination The members of the brigades with their respective heads can be found in Chapter 4. Results and analysis of results. The emergency plan Jaime Quijano Caballero College can be seen shown in Annex No. 3.Ítem Actualización del plan de emergencias para la Corporación Honorable Presbiterio Central Colegio Americano de Bogotá, año 2015Rincón Álvarez, Astrid Carolina; González Salazar, Adriana Paola; Mojica Hernández, Martha LucíaThe emergency plan 2014 American College located in the city of Bogota, in the locality of Teusaquillo was modified, the updated program consisted of a literature review of the institution, first it took a tour of the main buildings of Instead, then proceeded to perform risk analyses, which allowed detail the type of threats that is exposed school, and their personnel, infrastructure and equipment are trained to act if an event occurs that endangers for the educational community. Moreover, a book was designed where are the steps for building a family emergency plan, the educational product is delivered to the directives of the school as a tool to involve parents in risk management, and as fulfilment to the awareness activities Americanist community. Working with the educational community involved in supporting the activities of social service ninth grade in conjunction with the coordination of social welfare and education to students in lower grades of the institution in matters such as forecast of accidents inside the house. Finally, it began to write the emergency plan for this year, according to the changes in the last year in terms of organizational structure, methodology for determining the level of risk, activities to be developed to implement the emergency plan, the inventory of resources, and finally the schedule of activities.Ítem Actualización del plan de prevención y atención de emergencias para el Colegio Saludcoop sur IED de Bogotá, año 2016Parra Santos, María Camila; Reyes Linares, Wilmer Alejandro; Mojica Hernández, Martha LucíaThe emergency plan 2015 school Saludcoop Sur IED, located in the city of Bogota in the neighborhood Kennedy has been modified, the update of this consisted of a literature review of the institution, first became a tour in the institution to review the shortcomings present, areas as toured: the dining room, the court, green area and its main building, in the second instance proceeded to perform risk analysis, which allowed detailing the type of threats which it is exposed school because with this those failures that could affect personnel and infrastructure with the same availability of equipment and trained to act if an event occurs that poses a danger to the educational community was evident personnel were identified. Given the foregoing the formation of brigades we were made to improve the response will the institution in case of emergency, these were properly trained to be efficient in each of its work brigades. Finally, emergency plan for this year, according to the changes in the last year in terms of organizational structure, methodology for determining the level of risk, resource inventory, and finally the schedule of activities.Ítem Actualización Del Plan De Saneamiento De Las Piscinas El Virrey SurRodríguez Rey, Lizeth Andrea; Marroquín Duran, Yessica; Mojica Hernández, Martha LuciaIn order to upgrade the basic sanitation plan of Virrey Sur swimming pools, it has been made an Inspection based in Formats given by Resolution 4498 of 2012 for assessing health conditions of these. The sanitation plan was requested to compare actual current regulations and with health conditions of the pools. Subsequently, a DOFA matrix was developed in order to identify aspects for improvement in both the sanitation plan and physical and health structure of the Virrey Sur swimming polls. The results showed the need to improve the programs solid waste Management and pest control and document the emergency management program as well as pay attention to compliance mayor parameter water quality issued by the Resolution 1618 of 2010.Ítem Actualización Y Ajuste Del Proyecto Ambiental Escolar (Prae) De La Institución Educativa José María Vargas Vila, Con Base En El Documento Ya Existente.Parada Arias, Tatiana Andrea; Castro Albarracin, Ana Beatriz; Mojica Hernandez, Martha LuciaWithin the work of a technologist in sanitation, is working with the community, supporting strategies, programs, projects or activities that lead to improvement in the quality of the environment and contribution of people to this cause. This work was developed in order to update and adjust the document PRAE educational institution José María Vargas Vila, both in structure and in every program there is was formulated. Initially held PRAE reading the document with which the institution had reason to identify the shortcomings of this, containing programs and those related to the participation of the educational community in the areas of environmental issues. Subsequently an environmental diagnosis was made through a checklist of education secretary for formulating school environmental projects, where he was evaluated with respect to the aspect institution physical bio, risks, efficient use of water and energy resource management solid waste and planning, coordination and execution of environmental actions, this list three bad problematic use of water and energy and poor management of solid waste and immersed in them deficiency in environmental management within the institution resources were obtained. In the final stage PRAE document was updated on the development of new programs; urban agriculture with a practical approach - sustainable, efficient use of water and energy resource with practical approach - teaching, the rate of participation and promote active and critical environmental awareness in students; It was socialized and delivered the new document to the institution with a respective report found shortcomings and improvement strategies.Ítem Aislamiento E Identificación De Microorganismos Promisorios Para Formulación De Bioinsumos De Uso AgrícolaRodríguez Orjuela, Nicholl Valeria; Wilches Flórez, Ángela María; Ortiz Muñoz, Yoldi DalilaThe activities carried out in the present project are presented in two phases, a first one of isolation and identification, which consisted of the selection and preparation of selective culture media for the recovery of microorganisms, seeding by isolation and in superficial plate, selection, purification , ringing and reading the plantings. The second phase consisted of the identification of the potential of microorganisms, isolated in phase one, for the formulation of bio-inputs for agricultural use, based on biochemical, antagonism and greenhouse tests.Ítem Ajuste del Plan de Saneamiento General de Pan Pa’ Ya! Ltda a las 55 Sucursales de la Empresa Ubicadas en Bogotá D.C.Valencia Rendón, Laura; Mojica Hernández, Martha LucíaPan Pa' Ya! Has an environmental sanitation plan through which all processes are standardized to comply with the legal requirements of a food company. The sanitation plan includes aspects of drinking water, cleaning and disinfection, integral management of solid and liquid waste and integral pest management. In the period of one month, some matrices were adjusted according to information that was compiled in the branches through field visits. Water supply keys and their use were identified, levels of risk per dirt at each stage, waste containers and the sanitary route of these within the branches.Ítem Alternativas para el manejo de llantas usadas en la ciudad de Bogotá D.C.López Fuentes, Julián David; Torres Trujillo, Julián; Mojica Hernández, Martha LucíaIn the city of Bogotá D.C. There is a problem in the treatment of solid waste including tires of vehicles which after its useful life are thrown into dumps, ravines and often on the streets, this being a problem of public space and in particular the landscape affectation, so it has become a pollution-free environment. To give a solution to this problem was born the idea of this paper, recycle and transform this waste through a manual process that allows to use this material for different alternatives for the management of the tires used in the capital. This topic is unattended since this element is currently not used, so it initially will be a way to be able to generate change to our city, showing easy and simply creating a product of home type, in order to reduce air pollution, solid waste recycling and reuse it, transforming it into a useful product for the society in this way create different alternative solutions with regard to this material make it efficient, profitable, and committed to the environment and social responsibility.Ítem Análisis bibliográfico de los sistemas de remoción de cloruros en aguas residuales desde el año 2010 hasta la actualidadNúñez Galeano, Angie Lorena; Guerra Rodríguez, JayerthThis monograph focuses on the bibliographic analysis of chloride treatment systems in wastewater, in order to identify the most effective and viable systems for the elimination of these compounds and to improve water quality, in compliance with environmental and public health standards. To achieve this general objective, three specific objectives were proposed: to describe the types of chloride removal treatment, to identify the parameters that influence the efficiency of the treatment systems, and to establish which is the most adequate system for the removal of chlorides in wastewater. The methodology used consisted of a bibliographic review of scientific and technical articles published from 2010 to the present, using search engines specialized in the subject. The results obtained made it possible to describe the different chloride treatment systems, their characteristics and efficiency, identify the parameters that influence their performance and compare the different systems to establish which is the most appropriate according to the application context. It is concluded that there are several chloride treatment systems that can be effective in the elimination of these compounds in wastewater, but the choice of the most appropriate system will depend on the specific conditions of each situation, so during the development of this work these different systems are grouped into physical, chemical, biological, and special treatments, in order to present their main characteristics, efficiency, and other important factors for their development.Ítem Análisis comparativo de tres métodos para la medición de caudales en canales abiertosRueda Urueña, Oscar Fernando; Chitiva Sánchez, Manuel Augusto; Osorio Peñaranda, Caudex VitelioFor the execution of works and hydraulic structures such as water treatment plants, hydroelectric plants or sanitation works and sewerage networks is essential aqueduct and know the current flow or to be treated. Notwithstanding the determination of flow by conventional methods (specifically the pinwheel) it is sometimes difficult due to own stream conditions and the presence of rocks in the bed or large amounts of solids or materials of considerable size that jam the propeller equipment. So this research raises the alternative of using other methods of flow capacity, in addition to gauging with pinwheel, also it plans to conduct gaugings tracer (NaCl or salt) and the flow capacity with floats (ping pong balls floating table). Once gauging methods were determined to employ two monitoring points were selected: one located on the river career fucha with seventh and one in the river archbishop seventh race. For the first flow records were obtained with the methodology of pinwheel consistently similar to historical records flow; data pertaining to the District Department of Environment of Bogota. For the second site gauging, that is the river archbishop with seventh race, the same pattern was also given; flows near the historical flow records.Ítem Análisis de Alternativas para el Tratamiento de los Vertimientos del Instituto Nacional de SaludGómez González, Sindy Sthephany; Olmos Bonilla, Diana Marcelan these internships is sought get alternative for the implementation of a system of treatment of waters waste of the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) in them different points of shedding: well of inspection end and box of inspection of the plant of serum to comply with the resolution 0631 of 2015, through an analysis historical of it characterization physico-chemical of them measurements semi-annual from the year 2011 until the year 2016. Of the analysis historical is obtained as result a tab technical with them features main of the shedding for the request of quote to them different companies of treatment, and is generated visits to them different areas or dependencies of the INS looking for identify points of control of shedding and strengthen them actions of prevention, minimization and control of the generation of loads polluting product of them activities missionary of the INS.Ítem Análisis de informes epidemiológicos de la leptospirosis en Colombia durante el periodo de tiempo del 2010 al 2019Valbuena Cuervo, Valentina; Castro León, Jessica Fernanda; Corradine Mora, Diego TomásIn Colombia, the National Institute of Health (INS) produces annual publications of epidemiological reports, the purpose of which is to disseminate investigative work that contributes to broadening knowledge about the epidemiology and public health of the country; This bibliographic analysis is aimed at determining qualitative variables such as: climatic conditions, specific places where the disease occurs, influencing socioeconomic and environmental conditions; and qualitative variables such as: changes in the prevalence and occurrence rates of the cases. Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that generates a great public health problem worldwide, it is produced by the bacterium of the genus Leptospira, which arises in seasonal epidemiological outbreaks affecting both animals and humans, especially in humid tropical and subtropical areas. , attributing the problem to climatic and environmental conditions, especially in areas with poor sanitary and housing conditions. This disease is of great importance in Colombia since it is considered endemic; epidemiological conditions and characteristics are largely related to climatic changes and environmental factors; having a greater incidence in the rainy season or flood regions; it is estimated that 1 million cases occur annually worldwide, including almost 60,000 deaths. It is there that it is necessary to maintain a surveillance system that allows knowing the circulation of Leptospirosis and generating the necessary measures to prevent and control its spread (PAHO, 2003; INS, 2017). Humans can contract the disease by coming into contact with the urine of infected animals. The bacteria can survive for weeks to months in water and soil contaminated with urine; That is why it is linked to living conditions (poverty, work activities, recreational activities, etc.). The most evolved species are rodents; which serve as a reservoir (healthy carriers), storing the bacteria in the kidneys and later spreading in your urine. (BES, 2020; ABC, 2019). According to PAHO (Pan American Health Organization) “The number of human cases that occur worldwide is not precisely known. According to available reports, the annual incidence varies within a range from approximately 0.1-1 per 100,000 in temperate climates to 10-100 per 100,000 in humid tropical climates. When outbreaks occur; especially, in groups at high risk of exposure, the incidence of the disease can reach more than 100 per 100,000” (PAHO, 2003). In Colombia, the cases registered in the National Institute of Health for epidemiological period VII. Colombia 2020; there were 1094 cases; with an increase compared to the previous year of 3.20%, 34 more cases (INS, 2020).Ítem Análisis de la afectación por el COVID-19 en la distribución de los principales alimentos producidos por los campesinos del municipio de Chitaraque, Boyacá.Huertas Guevara, Natalia Alejandra; Huertas Guevara, María Camila; Wilches Florez, Angela MariaCoronavirus are an extensive family of viruses that can cause disease in animals and humans. In humans, various coronavirus are known to cause respiratory infections that can range from the common cold to more serious illnesses. The most recently discovered coronavirus causes COVID-19 disease. (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020). One of the most important aspects in terms of food security within the COVID-19 pandemic is to guarantee the supply and availability of food throughout the population, for this it is essential to strengthen measures to prevent food-borne diseases, maintain and focus the inspection, surveillance and control actions in the national and territorial order according to the contingency, these measures are essential to not break the flow between the stages of the agri-food chain, it is made up of production, transformation, commercialization, transportation, distribution and trade, distribution being the objective of the research. Taking into account the above, the interest of this work is to analyze how the distribution process is being carried out at the time of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 of the main foods produced by the farmers of the municipality of Chitaraque, Boyacá. This is a predominantly agricultural municipality, preferentially dedicated to the cultivation of panela cane, standing out for being the main producer and marketer of panela in the department of Boyacá, it also stands out for growing coffee and dual-purpose livestock, that is, they produce milk and meat simultaneously. The peasants who are exclusively dedicated to producing the foods mentioned above will be the source of information to be able to comply with the proposed analysis.