Tecnología en Saneamiento Ambiental
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/2020
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Ítem Diseñar el manual de operación de la planta de pirolisis de madera y plastico en Terra zan S.A.S. E.S.P.Gómez Jaramillo, Paula Andrea; Russi Fandiño, Jorge Alejandro; Rodriguez Miranda, Juan PabloThe internship at Terra Zan S.A.S. E.S.P., a Colombian company specializing in waste treatment, focused on improving the management of plastics and wood using pyrolysis technology. Given the lack of a manual and operating protocol for the pyrolytic reactor, a preliminary diagnosis was conducted, flaws were identified, and improvements were proposed. An operating manual and strategies were designed to optimize the process, contributing to environmental sustainability and aligning it with the principles of the circular economy and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Ítem Plan de negocio para una empresa dedicada a la transformación y comercialización de plástico pet triturado para disminuir la contaminación en Bosa PorvenirDuarte, Miguel Angel; Martinez Abello, Jairo MiguelThis project aims to structure a business plan for the creation of the company Industries Duarte de Colombia S.A.S., focused on the mechanical transformation (Crushing) of PET plastic by means of a crushing machine designed and manufactured by the student author of this project into granules. of different sizes, between 3-6 mm of PET plastic as semi-finished raw material for various industrial production processes. This project tends to become a solution to two problems, the unbridled generation of solid waste that causes public health problems and the social problem of unemployment due to the absence of job offers in the El Porvenir neighborhood (Bosa). The methodology used to achieve the objectives outlined in this business plan, was carried out based on different entities such as the Bogotá Chamber of Commerce, Bogotá emprende and law firm guides, taking the data that best suited the formulation of our business idea, which allowed us to synthesize this project in all its stages. Once all the information consulted was compiled, the business plan was established in various modules in an orderly manner, in such a way that they are articulated in a structure of general information, administrative part, legal aspects, market analysis, technical-operative aspects and topics. financial, that once analyzed together, it is possible to determine the economic viability of the business idea, which allows it to be implemented by being supported by projected profits in the short, medium and long term.Ítem Elaboración del programa de manejo integral de residuos sólidos ordinarios para el conjunto residencial Terrazas de Oriente de la localidad de San Cristóbal, Bogotá D.C.(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Forero Beltrán, Santiago Andrés; López Cruz, Oscar Daniel; Rodríguez Miranda, Juan PabloThis study develops a regular solid waste management program for the Terrazas de Oriente residential complex in the San Cristóbal locality of Bogotá, D.C., with the goal of reducing the environmental impact of inadequate disposal. The collection room was properly georeferenced and a preliminary study was conducted for the residential complex, along with a community census and waste characterization through gauging and quartering. As part of the program, awareness campaigns, community training, and a proposal for adapting the collection room were implemented in compliance with RAS Title F regulations . The results highlight the importance of environmental education, community participation, and infrastructure optimization to improve waste management in residential settings.Ítem Formulación del plan de saneamiento básico para la planta de Alimentos Cárnicos - BogotáCorrea Romero, Stephanie; Hernández Puentes, Nikol; Corradine Mora, Diego Tómas; Corradine Mora; Diego Tómas [0000-0002-5840-6957]A basic sanitation plan is essential for establishments and industries that, as mentioned in Resolution 2674 of 2013 (MINSA, 2013), manufacture, process, pack, package, store and sell food or its raw materials, because it reduces the risk of food contamination. The Alimentos Cárnicos plant is one of the leading processed food companies in Colombia, specializing in the production and marketing of deli meats, including sausages, brewers, and hamburgers.Ítem Apoyo en el diseño del proceso de seguridad y salud en el trabajo basado en la NTC ISO 45001:2018(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Figueredo Martín, Paula Andrea; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucía; Mojica Hernández; Martha Lucía [0000-0001-8329-9033]SUPPORT IN THE DESIGN OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCESS BASED ON NTC ISO 45001:2018 was developed during an internship within the integrated management system of Laboratorios Dr. Calderón. This work focuses on the creation and implementation of an occupational health and safety system that complies with the international standard NTC ISO 45001:2018. The process involved a thorough review of existing documentation, as well as the design and execution of corrective actions, in addition to the development of a performance indicator system to monitor progress toward regulatory compliance. The requirements established in sections 4, 5, 6, and 7 were addressed, which encompass organizational context, leadership and active participation of workers, appropriate planning of actions, and necessary support to achieve proposed objectives. The overall aim of the project was to facilitate the design of the Occupational Health and Safety Process (P-SST) in accordance with ISO 45001:2018, specifically concerning the aforementioned sections within the laboratory. Specific objectives included reviewing current documentation, making necessary modifications to the document base to comply with these sections, and creating performance indicators that allow for evaluating the effectiveness of implemented measures. The work plan outlined projected and executed activities to achieve the overall objective, including a detailed review of the standard, identification of applicable documents, pertinent modifications to ensure compliance, and effective development of indicators reflecting regulatory adherence. The results obtained from the project consisted of a comprehensive analysis regarding NTC ISO 45001:2018, as well as designing a specific format to demonstrate such compliance and effectively implementing key indicators. Substantial modifications were made to existing documentation to ensure its alignment with current regulatory requirements while also establishing indicators aimed at monitoring such compliance. Finally, the document includes conclusions and recommendations highlighting both the initial critical state regarding organizational documentation and actions taken to rectify identified deficiencies. Furthermore, it emphasizes a significant improvement in regulatory compliance following the implementation of suggested corrective actions. It is recommended that a thorough review be completed regarding pending sections corresponding to NTC ISO 45001:2018 and that training be provided for personnel on fundamental principles established by this standard.Ítem Evaluación de la eficiencia de adsorción de la cáscara de coco para la remoción del colorante amarillo ocaso FCF en aguas de un proceso industrial simulado(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Romero Villalba, María Alexandra; Guerra Rodriguez, JayerthThere are over 100,000 different types of dyes used in various industries around the world, including the food, cosmetics, textile, and pharmaceutical industries. This wide range of applications makes dyes compounds of significant interest from a public health perspective, as their release into surface water bodies through industrial discharges can have detrimental effects on the environment. One such dye of concern is Sunset Yellow FCF, which is extensively used in food products, preservatives, liqueurs, cosmetics, confectionery, soft drinks, and a variety of other items. Due to its complex chemical composition, Sunset Yellow FCF has been classified as a toxic substance that poses a threat to public health, particularly in terms of its impact on water quality and overall health (Kong et al., 2017). In response to these concerns, environmentally sustainable technologies such as bioadsorption have emerged as promising alternatives for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with dyes of this type. Bioadsorption offers several advantages over conventional treatment methods, including reduced costs and the utilization of agricultural waste materials (e.g., fruit and vegetable peels, leaves) as adsorbents. The present study aims to evaluate the bioadsorption efficiency of coconut husk in removing Sunset Yellow FCF dye from simulated industrial wastewater. Coconut husk, a readily available and low-cost agricultural waste material, holds potential as an effective bioadsorbent for dye removal due to its high surface area and presence of functional groups that can bind to dye molecules. The aforementioned approach involves standardizing the analytical technique for UV spectrophotometric determination of the dye, followed by a series of batch tests under varying conditions of temperature, pH, agitation time, adsorbent material, particle size, and dye concentration. These tests aim to identify the optimal parameters for the bioadsorption of the target dye. Subsequently, the batch test with the highest dye removal efficiency is employed in a continuous fixed-bed column experiment. Coconut husk was utilized as the bioadsorbent in this study, achieving a remarkable dye removal percentage of 99.002% in batch tests. This exceptional performance was further validated in the continuous fixed-bed column experiment, where a dye removal efficiency of 98.021% was obtained. Finally, the adsorption capacity of coconut husk was further evaluated using a simulated wastewater solution representative of a canned food product. This experiment yielded promising results, with a dye removal efficiency of 97.914%. This outcome strongly supports the potential of coconut husk as an effective bioadsorbent for dye removal from various industrial wastewater streams.Ítem Apoyo en el desarrollo de las actividades en la planta de tratamiento de agua residual PTAR FunzaCortés Hernández , Kevin Rolando; Rodríguez Miranda , Juan PabloSupport at the Funza Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) focuses on ensuring the proper functioning of the treatment system. This includes process monitoring, preventive maintenance of equipment, personnel training, and proper waste management. In addition, environmental awareness is promoted in the community, emphasizing the importance of responsible water management. These actions are key to ensuring effective and sustainable wastewater treatment in the region.Ítem Apoyo a la inspeccion, vigilancia y control sanitario de los establecimientos especiales de comercio e industria en el municipio de CotaMora Valero , Mariana de los Angeles; Mojica Hernández , Martha Lucia; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucia [0000-0001-8329-9033]This internship took place in the municipality of Cota, Cundinamarca, a growing economic center that houses a diversity of companies. Given industrial and commercial expansion, it is imperative to ensure compliance with environmental regulations to protect natural resources and public health. The main objective of this internship was to collaborate with the health surveillance and control activities of the Mayor's Office of Cota, through inspections of companies from various sectors. During 192 hours, 45 visits were made to verify compliance with Law 9 of 1979. The inspections revealed that, although many companies have implemented sustainable practices, there are areas of opportunity to improve waste management, water consumption, discharges, and the worker safety system. Based on the findings, some environmental challenges facing the municipality are identified and recommendations are proposed to strengthen the environmental management system.Ítem Análisis de la generación y caracterización física de los residuos sólidos de los clústers comerciales de la localidad de Ciudad Bolívar en la ciudad de Bogotá.(Universidad Francisco Jose de Caldas) Moreno Hernández, Mebelem Islena; Rodriguez Miranda, Juan PabloThis work contains information on what was carried out in the joint field work with the special administrative unit of public services (UAESP). Information is found such as the location of the solid waste generation points in the commercial clusters of the town of Ciudad Bolívar, as well as graphs showing the behavior of this waste at the points and information on technologies for its use.Ítem Revisión y análisis comparativo de los proyectos de investigación dirigidos al control alternativo de plagas realizados en el semillero Zoovector(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Beltrán Ruiz, Cristian Felipe; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomás; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomás [0000-0002-5840-6957]Vector control is one of the biggest problems worldwide. The different types of existing conventional controls can generate problems for the environment and human health, which is why the research hotbed Zoovector has carried out different studies in the searCorradine Mora, Diego Tomásch for effective controls that in turn generate less impact, both environmentally and human health.Ítem Implementación de estrategias de control de moscas mediante el uso de un repelente natural a base de extracto eucalipto (eucalyptus globulus) en el barrio mochuelo alto(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Morales Vargas, Nicolle Karina; Diaz Ozorio, Brenda Sofia; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomas; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomas [0000-0002-5840-6957]The present study focused on the development of a natural repellent based on eucalyptus extract (Eucalyptus globulus) to control the fly population. The study was conducted in the Mochuelo Alto neighborhood, Bogotá, due to its proximity to the Doña Juana garbage landfill in the Ciudad Bolívar locality. During the research, environmental issues caused by the landfill were identified through the implementation of surveys, particularly in the realm of health, including respiratory and skin diseases caused by the proliferation of vectors such as flies and rodents. Additionally, there is evidence of a lack of attention from the CGR (Landfill Management Center) towards the community. This leads to an evaluation of the few guarantees that the neighborhood residents have for living decently. Throughout the process, homes within the study area were selected to apply the repellent, using different concentrations of eucalyptus extract (5%, 10%, and 15%). Subsequently, comparisons were made between the results obtained with each concentration, verifying the effectiveness of the repellent against black garbage flies (Hydrotaea aenescens), using a humidifier as the application method. The use of the repellent is examined to assess whether it contributes to reducing health risks for the population, while also aiming to determine the potential presence of side effects in individuals. It is crucial to consider that the concentration of eucalyptus essential oil has shown its effectiveness in repelling flies, albeit with certain variations depending on the behavior of the insects and the application method of the repellent. It was found that the repellent time of eucalyptus extract varied according to its concentration. On average, these were the results: at a concentration of 5%, repellency lasted 17 minutes; increased to 26 minutes at 10%, and reached 46 minutes at 15%. Additionally, the conducted survey showed that the eucalyptus-based repellent does not present secondary effects in the households where it was tested.Ítem Hilos sostenibles: apoyo a la ejecución del plan institucional de gestión ambiental en la entidad de artesanías de Colombia S.A-BICRozo Chiquiza, Laura Lisbeth; Mojica Hernandez, Martha LuciaHumans have historically consumed natural resources out of necessity, comfort, and fashion, leading to the excessive exploitation of land, water, and air. To mitigate this impact, it is essential to adopt a responsible and collective approach to consumption, reducing the unnecessary use of resources and non-biodegradable products. This includes concrete measures such as reducing water and energy consumption through efficient technologies and repairing leaks, as well as promoting the proper reuse and recycling of materials. Programmes to reduce single-use plastics and training for correct waste separation at the source are fundamental in decreasing our environmental footprint and conserving natural resources.Ítem Implementar la dimensión ambiental en el instituto para el desarrollo de las inteligencias múltiples en el municipio de Funza Cundinamarca.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldás) Pulido Garzon, Daniela Alejandra; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucia; Mojica Hernández, Martha Lucia [0000-0001-8329-9033]This final report summarizes the internship experience carried out at the Institute for the Development of Multiple Intelligences, as an integral part of my training in environmental sanitation technology. The objective was to apply the knowledge acquired during my career in a practical context, specifically providing support to the institute's environmental pedagogy. During the internship, he actively collaborated in enriching the school curriculum through the integration of school environmental projects. These projects are designed with the purpose of strengthening environmental education, combining elements such as scientific knowledge, research, critical reflection and participatory action. The primary focus was to protect the environment and promote sustainable development, thus achieving very favorable results. One of the main conclusions obtained is that environmental projects schoolchildren generated a deep sense of belonging within the community educational. This translated into greater awareness about the importance of care and environmental conservation, as well as greater social participation and citizenship by students and other community members. In short, the internship not only provided the opportunity to apply knowledge theoretical in a practical environment, but also allowed us to contribute significant to the strengthening of environmental education at the Institute for the Development of Multiple Intelligences and its community environment.Ítem Evaluación del efecto larvicida del extracto etanólico de Illicium verum (anís estrellado) sobre larvas de cuarto estadio de Aedes aegypti en condiciones de laboratorioAvella Hernández, Santiago; Amaya oñate, Juan Camilo; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomas; Corradine Mora, Diego Tomas [0000-0002-5840-6957]The search for chemical control alternatives against the Aedes aegypti mosquito is a topic of public health interest. In this project, the larvicidal effect of Illicium verum (star anise) extract was studied. The extract was obtained by Soxhlet extraction with ethanol as solvent. To determine the larvicidal action, bioassays were performed in which stage IV larvae of Aedes aegypti were exposed to different concentrations which were 10 ppm, 13.5 ppm, 17.5 ppm and 20 ppm and mortality controls were also performed at intervals of 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours where mortalities were obtained at 48 hours of 9% with a concentration of 10 ppm, 46% for 13.5ppm, up to a mortality of 100% with concentrations of 17.5 and 20 ppm at 24 hours. By means of logarithmic regression, the effective lethal doses in the biological assays were estimated, obtaining LC 50 with a value of 13.38 ppm and LC 90 with a concentration of 17.71 ppmÍtem Elaboración del programa de Manejo Integral de Residuos Sólidos Ordinarios para el conjunto Bonaire de la localidad de Engativá, Bogotá D.CMora Caicedo, Vanessa Alejandra; Diaz Rincón, Dayane Stefany; Rodriguez Miranda, Juan PabloThe purpose of this monograph is to elaborate the program for the Integral Management of Ordinary Solid Waste (MIRS) of the Bonaire Residential Complex with the help of tools for the characterization and quantification of the ordinary solid waste belonging to the inhabitants of the complex, in addition to carrying out awareness-raising activities for the inhabitants on the premise of the proper management and disposal of solid waste.Ítem Mejora e implementación del proyecto ambiental del Instituto Bolivariano Soacha (Cundinamarca)Acosta Carranza, Julieth Katerine; Mojica Hernandez, Martha Lucia; Mojica Hernandez, Martha Lucia [0000-0001-8329-9033]Within the work of environmental sanitation technologists, is contributing and collaborating with the community to carry out strategies, programs, projects and various activities aimed at improving the quality of the environment. The present work was developed with the purpose of updating and adjusting the PRAE document of the Bolivarian Institute in the municipality of Soacha, initially the document that the institute has was read and the shortcomings, opportunities for improvement and activities to be implemented were found, reason for which the objective is to carry out a good diagnosis of the institution and improve the environmental project. The environmental program of the Bolivarian Institute aims to train conscious environmental leaders who, through extensive experience and applied scientific methods, become aware of the research and conservation of the environment by making them aware, different workshops and activities were carried out with grades 6 °, 7th and 8th on responsible consumption, solid waste management and how they are classified, global warming, responsible water consumption among others and thus be able to propose solutions to environmental problems in their communities.Ítem Elaboración de la guía técnica para el monitoreo de material particulado PM10 Y PM2.5Fonnegra Acosta, Diego Alejandro; Mojica Hérnandez, Martha Lucia; Martha Lucia Mojica Hérnandez [0000-0001-8329-9033]The topics of atmospheric emissions and air quality are very important for students of environmental curricular projects such as TSA, these topics are broad which makes learning and teaching methodology difficult; so sometimes students can finish these courses with some gaps in these topics. Because of this, it was decided to develop a simple and concise technical guide to illustrate the procedure of calibration, verification and operation of air quality equipment, which are the Wilbur Tisch and the BAM 1020 to achieve a better approach to the use of this equipment and complement what was seen in theory.Ítem Propuesta de diseño de una red de acueducto convencional para el desarrollo urbanístico del barrio ilegal Portal de Cali, ubicado entre las localidades de Kennedy y BosaRamírez Torres, Arlet Tatiana; Agualimpia, YolimaWe propose to design a drinking water distribution network to solve sanitary problems in the Portal de Cali neighborhood, located in the southwest of Bogota, since it is an illegal urban development which has different problems; one of them is the lack of a functional aqueduct system, where the inhabitants lack a drinking water distribution system. Currently, the community accesses the water resource through handmade aqueduct networks, whose hydraulics do not meet the minimum standards of pressure, velocity and water quality, which has caused a sanitary detriment in the sector and the overconsumption of this resource by the industries. In this way, with the help of the indicators classified in categories: environmental, urban, sociocultural, economic and political-institutional, the work of legal recognition is carried out according to the requirements of the neighborhood for its legalization in terms of drinking water supply; and field analysis of the study population by means of surveys, elaboration of an urban census, participation in conjunction with the community. Since, these parameters contribute to the solution of the problem in support with the leader of the community who is presented with an aqueduct network that meets the criteria of water luxury according to resolution 0330 of 2017, which is modeled through the EPANET and AutoCA programs.Ítem Mapeo SIG y educación ambiental en la gestión de caninos en la zona urbana de Fosca cundinamarcaRiveros Morales, Marlon David; López López, Jhon FredyThis report thoroughly documents each stage of the internship developed in the municipal mayor's office of Fosca Cundinamarca, where activities related to environmental education and the responsible management of pets in the urban area were developed, characterization of canines in the direction of the development office agriculture and environment. The main objective was focused to promote a greater degree of environmental awareness among the inhabitants of the municipality, various activities were carried out such as the preparation of brochures delivered to the population and training carried out for the students of the departmental school.Ítem Adecuación del laboratorio de tratamientos de agua 404, con sistemas a escala de laboratorio para tratamiento de agua potable y agua residualVásquez Hernández, Andrés Felipe; Gil Garnica, Juan Sebastian; Mojica, Martha Lucia; 0000-0001-8329-9033The objective of this document is to present the activities and learning acquired throughout the internship carried out within the Francisco District University José de Caldas, in laboratory 404, as a Sanitation Technology student Environmental. The development is framed in the conditioning of spaces and furniture suitable for the correct functioning of the equipment that will make up the academic space of drinking and waste water treatment systems on a laboratory scale which will have a flow rate of 10 L/min, in addition, it will have variables that allow altering the amount of flow rate used, in these systems it will be possible to visualize what happens in each component that It is made up of it, this in order to allow adequate academic experimentation of the treatment systems by students and their respective analysis. Therefore, the laboratory will have different equipment and elements to strengthen the learning such as the Jar test, analytical balances, reagents and other equipment complementary.