Identificación de biomarcadores como herramienta diagnostica en personas con deficiencia de la enzima Glucosa-6-Fosfato Deshidrogenasa (G-6-PD)

Abstract

This deficiency is the most common inherited enzyme abnormality in man, is an enzyme complex in the cytoplasm, which plays an essential role in cellular metabolism by initiating the pentose phosphate cycle. Essential in cellular metabolism by initiating the pentose phosphate cycle, catalyzing the oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate from the Glucolytic pathway to 6-phosphogluconate, a catalytic action that interferes with the metabolic blockade, rendering the erythrocyte unable to generate adequate amounts of NADPH, a key cofactor in several pathways. of NADPH. Consequently, although almost all individuals with this enzyme deficiency in either the pentose pathway or the glutathione pathway are asymptomatic, this defect can cause hemolytic anemia, acute to mild to chronic hemolysis, induced by exposure to certain chemical compounds, infections, diabetic acidosis and the ingestion of fava bean (Viczizfaba), (3,4) exerting an oxidative effect, which damages the deficient erythrocyte and directly oxidizes NADPH and NADH. Therefore, it is essential to have alternatives to know and predict pathologies associated with G-6-PD enzyme deficiency, and the study of biomarkers would have an impact on the diagnosis and follow-up of these diseases. Biomarkers are molecules that are the product of biological alterations in an individual and are essential for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of a disease (6). For this reason, this biomarker research is based on the monitoring and evaluation of studies using the evaluation of studies, using the PRISMA methodology based on meta-analysis as a tool for the analysis and reconstruction of systems that generate potential models of biomarkers for these potential biomarker models for these diseases.