Examinando por Materia "Agua potable - Colombia"
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Ítem Evaluación de guías técnica y administrativa de plantas de tratamiento de agua potable : comparación entre Colombia y MéxicoToloza Baez, Sandra Viviana; Uribe, EdisonThe present degree work contains the evaluation of technical and administrative guides of drinking water treatment plants: comparison between Colombia and Mexico, the main guides that were used in the development of the work was a guide that is applied in the academic space of plants and pumping stations by professor Edison Uribe in the career of Technology in Environmental Management and public services of the Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources of the Francisco José de Caldas District University, which is applicable for Colombia, this guide will be recognized at throughout the work as a "Colombian guide" and the Guide that is used in the country of Mexico published by the (National Water Commission - MEXICO) CONAGUA. The idea of developing this work arose after completing a semester of academic mobility in the country of Mexico, achieving knowledge of the evaluation guide for water treatment plants used in that country. Within the results, relevant aspects can be defined such as that the guide used for Colombia complements the Continuity, Coverage and Quantity aspects, while the guide used for Mexico contains a section where it mentions the "water treatment train" which identifies whether they are surface and underground sources and allows to establish a better procedure for the purification of water.Ítem Modelo de regulación para agua potable en horizontes de largo plazoLizcano Caro, Jose Andelfo; Medina Daza, Rubén JavierWorldwide, the aqueduct regulation for the public utility service is based on the company's supplies costs (especially for the future demand), these are indicators to calculate materials and production supplies costs either for the goods and for the service itself. Efficiency, financial and budget competence depend to a large extent on the measurements and determined plans accuracy for a market setting. Financial competence focuses on plans costs and discount rates that remunerate investments. Meeting these demands and regional socioeconomic distortions within a scientific research project, a model was proposed for the drinking water regulation sector in unstable balance situations that would consider solidarity criteria and it would also guide the prioritization of environmental investments. Two (2) possible forecasting tools were proposed from 2006 to 2040 in Bogotá city as a model: The first (1), neural networks and the second (2), time series, here only the second one generated outcomes to validate, so that: 1 and 2 strata (Lowest social population levels in a Colombian economic scale) show a demand growth, while 3, 4, 5, 6 strata (Highest social levels in a Colombian economic scale) and commercial areas tend to decrease in their consumption.Ítem Sistema de control para el consumo de agua residencial basado en reglasLopera Gañan, Juan Pablo; Avilés Sánchez, Oscar FernandoA rule-based control system for residential water consumption was designed by taking real consumption data from a hydraulic system for 36 days. These data were analyzed and processed in order to simulate the hydraulic system and work on this simulation, implementing a control system based on arithmetic rules. The analysis of the data allowed to carry out a simulation adjusted to the reality of the behavior of the taps in their opening and closing as well as the water consumption depending on the opening percentage. The simulation includes 6 consumption stations. The simulation was programmed in LabVIEW from National Instruments. The system is modeled based on the simulation obtained using the open-loop Ziegler-Nichols method, which bases its method for tuning PID controllers using the experimental response to an input step signal. We proceed with the programming of the control system in the simulation of the system already obtained. Data acquisition systems are created and adapted to include the information obtained in the control systems and arithmetic rules respectively. Rules are created that are based on consumption for a period of time selected by the consumer, percentages of use per season, value of the liter of water. The created rules suggest a water consumption for the next period of time based on the value that the consumer wishes to pay and on the general behavior of the system. Tests are carried out on both the control system and the arithmetic rules implemented, obtaining a reduction in water consumption based on the price that the user wants or can pay for the next period.