Trabajos de Pregrado y Especializaciones
URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/24
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Examinando Trabajos de Pregrado y Especializaciones por Autor "0000-0001-6051-4925"
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Ítem Compensación dinámica de potencia activa y reactiva en sistemas de distribución empleando PV-STATCOMsCombita Murcia, Juan David; Romero Salcedo, Camilo Andrés; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo; 0000-0001-6051-4925The following document presents a heuristic methodology to address the operation problem of PV-STATCOMs for the dynamic compensation of active and reactive power, with the purpose of minimizing daily energy losses and the cost associated with the purchase of energy in networks. of distribution. This methodology is developed through a master-slave approach, where the master stage provides potential solutions using an optimization algorithm based on the salp swarm, and then the slave stage evaluates these solutions using the approximation power flow method. successive. The methodology was evaluated on two IEEE test systems, with 33 and 69 nodes, respectively, varying the power factor of each PV-STATCOM. As a result, it was possible to reduce both energy losses in the network and the cost of purchasing energy in the substation and the efficiency of the salp swarm algorithm for solving the problem was verified.Ítem Estimación de parámetros en máquinas y dispositivos eléctricos minimizando el error de estimación entre las variables eléctricas medidas y calculadas mediante un modelo de programación no linealLeon Ballesteros, Nicolas Javier; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo; 0000-0001-6051-4925This investigation focuses on the development of parametric estimation models applied to three devices in electrical engineering: transformers, reactors, and solar cells. The objective is determine the fundamental parameters of these devices through the implementation of these models in Julia software. The results revealed a notable similarity between the estimated parameters and the values reported in the literature, confirming the effectiveness of the optimization models employed. Particularly, the obtained values for magnetization resistance, magnetization reactance, series resistance, and series reactance in transformers closely aligned with the reference values in the literature. Additionally, the employed software accurately estimated the current and voltage in transformers, demonstrating its effectiveness. For reactors, the research showed that the proposed mathematical model allows for adequate estimation of parameters such as resistance, reactance, series resistance, series reactance, current, and voltage, once again showing reasonable agreement with reference values in the literature. In the case of solar cells, the estimation of critical parameters such as reverse saturation current and photocurrent were practically identical to those reported in the literature, suggesting their utility in the parametric estimation of these devices. Another result of this work is the processing time employed by the optimization tool for nonlinear programming problems available for Julia, which turned out to be significantly lower compared to the processing times reported in previous research. This indicates the efficiency of the proposed models and their feasibility for implementation in real-world applications. In summary, this investigation proposed the use of nonlinear programming tools in Julia software for parametric estimation in transformers, reactors, and solar cells, validated through comparisons with reference values in the literature. These electrical models implemented in Julia promise to enhance the characterization and efficiency of these devices in various electrical applications.Ítem Estimación paramétrica en transformadores monofásicos considerando medidas de tensión y corriente a través del método de optimización de distribución generalizadaCamelo Daza, Juan David; Betancourt Alonso, Diego Noel; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo; Gómez Vargas, Ernesto; 0000-0001-6051-4925This research addresses, from a perspective of metaheuristic optimization, the problem regarding parametric estimation in single-phase transformers while considering voltage and current measures at the transformer terminals and weighing linear loads. Transformer parametric estimation is modeled as a nonlinear problem in order to minimize the mean square error between the calculated voltage and current variables and the measurements taken. The nonlinearities are associated with Kirchhoff’s first and second laws applied to the equivalent electrical circuit of the single-phase transformer. The nonlinear optimiza tion problem is solved by applying a metaheuristic optimization algorithm known as the generalized normal distribution optimizer (GNDO), which uses evolution rules that allow exploring and exploiting the solution space via the classical probability function based on normal distributions. Numerical results in three test transfomers of 20, 45, and 112,5 kVA demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed GNDO approach when com pared to other optimizers reported in the literature, such as the crow search algorithm, the coyote optimization algorithm, and the exact solution of the nonlinear optimization model using the fmincon solver of the MATLAB software. All numerical simulations con firm the potential of the GNDO approach to deal with complex optimization problems in engineering and science with promising results and low computational effort.Ítem Integración eficiente de compensadores de potencia reactiva basados en bancos de condensadores para la minimización de los costos de inversión y operación en sistemas de distribución de media tensión.Sanabria, Ivan Ramiro; Gómez, Mauricio; Montoya, Oscar Danilo; Rivas, Edwin; 0000-0001-6051-4925Medium voltage distribution systems present a major problem, which corresponds to economic losses due to reactive power; one solution is the implementation of compensation systems based on fixed pitch capacitor banks. To achieve its efficient sizing and optimal location, an objective function is proposed, which minimizes the net present value of the costs of installation, operation, maintenance and energy losses in the network, taking into account the technical and operational restrictions for a correct system operation. To solve this problem, the herd of wild horses metaheuristic algorithm is used, developed in the MATLAB software. This algorithm is based on the behavior of non-territorial wild horses, taking into account four main behaviors that correspond to herding, mating, group leadership, and leader exchange and selection. To evaluate the losses in each of the iterations, the method of successive approximations is used and the IEEE 33- and 69-node test systems are used. Taking into account a typical variable demand curve with half-hour intervals and 48 periods for a day of network operation, this allows us to have a better approach to the real behavior of a distribution system when making a variation with respect to the power. maximum in each period. In order to make a comparison, tests are developed in two main scenarios which consist of developing a base case without the implementation of any compensation device for the system and thus obtaining the value of the objective function. Subsequently, the other scenario is carried out, where the system is evaluated with the installation of 1,2,3,4 and 5 banks of capacitors, determining in which of the cases the economic losses and costs associated with the capacitor banks are minimized. . Finally, a comparison is made with the specialized literature in order to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed in this research, obtaining favorable results that enrich the state of the art of this problem and it is demonstrated that the wild horse herd algorithm adequately adjusts to the solution of problems related to the field of electrical engineering, opening the possibility of carrying out new studies with said algorithm.Ítem Modelado, diseño y control de un sistema electrónico de potencia para la conexión de una turbina de baja potencia a un barraje de CCBenavides Mendoza, David Eduardo; Trujillo Rodríguez, César Leonardo; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo; 0000-0002-0985-1472; 0000-0001-6051-4925The research focus is on integrating a low-power wind turbine into a home microgrid through an efficient electrical conversion system. The challenge lies in developing a system capable of connecting wind generation to the microgrid, guaranteeing energy efficiency, considering changing wind conditions. To address this problem, it was proposed to model the wind electrical conversion system using the SEPIC converter, detailing two control techniques (linear and non-linear) that operate with the P&O algorithm and the MPPT method under the variable speed strategy with fixed pitch. Both control techniques have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving energy use when the generation system is subjected to different operating situations. Furthermore, these techniques stand out for their ability to adapt to changes in wind speeds, which improves the reliability and efficiency of the wind generation system. On the one hand, the linear control technique involves more complex mathematical modeling, but presents a more agile design of its controllers; While nonlinear control is in the time domain, its modeling is simpler, although the design of its controllers requires different methodologies than classical theories. However, despite the greater need for sensors and the characteristics described previously, the nonlinear control approach presents smoother behavior and greater speed to reach stability, allowing precise monitoring of the references imposed by the MPPT without subjecting the turbine to excessive mechanical stress. The work has successfully proposed a methodology for the design of the wind conversion system. The versatility and adaptability of the control techniques subject to the strategy used, together with the inherent characteristics of the SEPIC converter, have proven to be ideal for managing wind energy in variable wind conditions. The validation of the system confirms its ability to efficiently reach the maximum power points, thus ensuring good performance in the home microgrid.Ítem Optimal load redistribution in distribution systems using a mixed-integer convex model based on electrical momentumNiño Perdomo, Karen Dayanna; Bohorquez Alvarez, Daniela Patricia; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo; 0000-0001-6051-4925; Montoya Giraldo, Oscar Danilo [0000-0001-6051-4925]This paper addresses the problem concerning the efficient minimization of power losses in asymmetric distribution grids from the perspective of convex optimization. This research’s main objective is to propose an approximation optimization model to reduce the total power losses in a three-phase network using the concept of electrical momentum. To obtain a mixed-integer convex formulation, the voltage variables at each node are relaxed by assuming them to be equal to those at the substation bus. With this assumption, the power balance constraints are reduced to flow restrictions, allowing us to formulate a set of linear rules. The objective function is formulated as a strictly convex objective function by applying the concept of average electrical momentum, by representing the current flows in distribution lines as the active and reactive power variables. To solve the relaxed MIQC model, the GAMS software (Version 28.1.2) and its CPLEX, SBB, and XPRESS solvers are used. In order to validate the effectiveness of load redistribution in power loss minimization, the initial and final grid configurations are tested with the triangular-based power flow method for asymmetric distribution networks. Numerical results show that the proposed mixed-integer model allows for reductions of 24.34%, 18.64%, and 4.14% for the 8-, 15-, and 25-node test feeders, respectively, in comparison with the benchmark case. The sine–cosine algorithm and the black hole optimization method are also used for comparison, demonstrating the efficiency of the MIQC approach in minimizing the expected grid power losses for three-phase unbalanced networks.