Modelado, diseño y control de un sistema electrónico de potencia para la conexión de una turbina de baja potencia a un barraje de CC

Abstract

The research focus is on integrating a low-power wind turbine into a home microgrid through an efficient electrical conversion system. The challenge lies in developing a system capable of connecting wind generation to the microgrid, guaranteeing energy efficiency, considering changing wind conditions. To address this problem, it was proposed to model the wind electrical conversion system using the SEPIC converter, detailing two control techniques (linear and non-linear) that operate with the P&O algorithm and the MPPT method under the variable speed strategy with fixed pitch. Both control techniques have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving energy use when the generation system is subjected to different operating situations. Furthermore, these techniques stand out for their ability to adapt to changes in wind speeds, which improves the reliability and efficiency of the wind generation system. On the one hand, the linear control technique involves more complex mathematical modeling, but presents a more agile design of its controllers; While nonlinear control is in the time domain, its modeling is simpler, although the design of its controllers requires different methodologies than classical theories. However, despite the greater need for sensors and the characteristics described previously, the nonlinear control approach presents smoother behavior and greater speed to reach stability, allowing precise monitoring of the references imposed by the MPPT without subjecting the turbine to excessive mechanical stress. The work has successfully proposed a methodology for the design of the wind conversion system. The versatility and adaptability of the control techniques subject to the strategy used, together with the inherent characteristics of the SEPIC converter, have proven to be ideal for managing wind energy in variable wind conditions. The validation of the system confirms its ability to efficiently reach the maximum power points, thus ensuring good performance in the home microgrid.