Aportes ténico políticos para la construcción de un instrumento de gestión en educación ambiental como política pública en el municipio de Viota, Cundinamarca

Abstract

In Colombia, environmental education has been developing for several decades through documents such as the 2002 National Environmental Education Policy, which ratifies its interest in territorial implementation with Law 1549 of 2012. However, at the departmental and municipal levels, there is a lack of management and implementation of the instruments of the Public Policy on Environmental Education (PPEA), which leads to a lag in education. Consequently, the objective of this research is to generate contributions in the technical field, which requires elements specific to the environmental, educational, and EA fields that account for the current diagnosis that leads to the need to promote public policies for the solution of educational-environmental issues in Viotá from a critical reading of this context. Based on the above, reviews the documents and analyzes the content of these instruments, using a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive documentary methodology. It reviews documents related to territorial, departmental, and municipal planning, as well as environmental education policy regulations implemented between 2000 and 2024, and georeferencing bases. Initially, a lag in the development of PP instruments is identified, with an absence of more than 50% in the national and departmental contexts. Likewise, the need for environmental education (EA) that responds to the administrative sphere, the support of environmental entities, and planning documents such as land use planning is established. Therefore, a solution to what could be called an environmental and educational-environmental crisis, specifically in municipal contexts, would be the formulation of local or municipal public policy tools for environmental education that are consolidated into instruments that facilitate environmental education management, in accordance with particular needs, historical contexts, environmental issues, and territorial dynamics. From a political perspective, based on municipal development conditions, a path is proposed to define what is best for this municipality in terms of a local environmental education policy that responds to how to generate these instruments based on elements of different orders, such as regulatory, methodological, contextual, and conceptual. This is based on a process that allows the Inter-institutional Committee for Environmental Education (CIDEA) to develop a public policy instrument and its legitimization for implementation in the municipalities. In short, this study contributes to the identification of gaps in the dissemination of the National Environmental Education Policy in the local context of Viotá, and contributes with a proposal for the management of such policies based on conceptual, contextual, and methodological elements that can be replicated in similar contexts.