Promoviendo el pensamiento computacional en estudiantes de educación media por medio de la realización de experimentos caseros

Abstract

Based on the premise that Computational Thinking (CT) should be integrated across all areas of knowledge, rather than being limited to technology and computer science as proposed by Jeannette Wing, this work proposes the design and implementation of activities grounded in Project-Based Learning to foster these skills among secondary education students at Colegio Miravalle I.E.D. in Bogotá. The research was conducted over nine physics class sessions, during which home-based experiments were implemented as a pedagogical strategy to integrate computational thinking with natural sciences. The main objective was to strengthen the participants' skills in abstraction, decomposition, pattern recognition, and algorithmic thinking. The study was framed within an interpretive paradigm with a descriptive approach, structured in five stages: inquiry, instrument design and validation, activity design, implementation, and finally, systematization and analysis of results. Data were processed using ATLAS.ti software, based on four categories derived from the literature review. The results demonstrate a progressive development of computational thinking skills, particularly in abstraction and pattern recognition, as well as a deeper understanding of the addressed scientific phenomena. It is concluded that conducting home-based experiments within a PBL framework constitutes an effective teaching strategy to integrate computational thinking into science education and promote meaningful learning in secondary education.