Apoyo técnico para procesos I+D+i en proyecto de cálculo de biomasa forestal en la zona del pacifico colombiano mediante técnicas de teledetección

Abstract

This work aims to analyze and adapt a methodology in the exploration phase to allow the indirect calculation of above-ground biomass (AGB), replacing traditional direct processes, which are often invasive and destructive to ecosystems. For this case, there are three plots located in the municipalities of Medio Baudó and Bajo Baudó in the department of Chocó. This estimation was carried out using airborne LiDAR data. This active remote sensing technique employs laser pulses that calculate the distance between the sensor and the surface, generating point clouds that have position values such as X, Y, and Z (height). With this information, two basic inputs were generated: the digital elevation models (DEM) and the digital surface models (DSM), which allowed the creation of the digital vegetation model (DVM). Additionally, vegetation indices such as SAVI, NDVI, and EVI were used, calculated from Sentinel-2 sensor images, which enabled the generation of forest - non-forest maps. By correlating the obtained data, the biomass quantification model produced values theoretically close to the real ones. However, in a second stage, they must be validated with field sampling data to increase the accuracy and reliability of the obtained information.