Educación para la paz y régimen visual de la protesta social en Colombia: el paro cívico de 1977 (S.XX) y el estallido social del 2019-2021 (S.XXI)

Abstract

This research work analyzes the visual regimes of social protest in Colombia, contrasting the Civic Strike of 1977 and the Estallido Social of 2019-2021 from Visual Studies. The research seeks to open a reflection for Peace Education through the analysis of the images of these events. The methodology is based on the analysis of photographs from the Revista Alternativa, murals from the M9S collective for the Estallido Social, considering the cultural, social and political context of each moment. Theoretical concepts such as social protest, political crowds, image, photography and visual regimes are explored. The study reveals differences in visual regimes: Revista Alternativa showed an active and organized crowd in the public space, while the hegemonic regime during the Estallido, overexposed the protesters by associating them with vandalism and also recognizes the construction of a new visual regime in the political dissident art of the murals that challenged the official regime, denounced police violence and demanded memory. Finally, the thesis proposes a critical pedagogy of the image for Peace Education, promoting the questioning of hegemonic visual regimes and the emancipation of the gaze.