Diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo de dispositivo de internet de las cosas (Iot) para la medición de variables forestales

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dc.contributor.advisorCamargo López, Julián Rolando
dc.contributor.authorArdila González, Jhon Nicolás
dc.contributor.orcidCamargo López, Julián Rolando [0000-0003-3483-1884]
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-22T16:13:52Z
dc.date.available2025-11-22T16:13:52Z
dc.date.created2025-10-31
dc.descriptionEl presente trabajo describe el diseño y desarrollo del prototipo FRED-01, un dispositivo IoT forestal autónomo orientado al monitoreo ambiental y dendrométrico en árboles. El sistema integra sensores de CO2, temperatura, humedad y diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP), junto con un módulo de comunicación LoRa y un microcontrolador ESP32-S3, permitiendo la transmisión de datos sin necesidad de infraestructura LoRaWAN. El firmware fue desarrollado bajo una arquitectura basada en FreeRTOS, con enfoque en eficiencia energética mediante el uso del modo deep sleep y control de periféricos a través de MOSFET, lo que garantiza una operación prolongada alimentada únicamente por baterías recargables. Los datos sensados se cifran con AES-GCM, asegurando confidencialidad e integridad antes de ser enviados a un servidor web construido con Django y PostgreSQL. Se realizaron pruebas funcionales de comunicación y sensado en campo, obteniéndose un alcance de aproximadamente 850 metros y un funcionamiento estable durante periodos prolongados. El prototipo demostró ser una alternativa de bajo costo, autónoma y segura frente a soluciones comerciales, con potencial para escalar hacia redes forestales distribuidas y futuras integraciones de inteligencia artificial para la detección temprana de eventos ambientales.
dc.description.abstractThis work presents the design and development of FRED-01, an autonomous forest IoT prototype aimed at environmental and dendrometric monitoring in trees. The system integrates sensors for CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity, and diameter at breast height (DBH), combined with a LoRa communication module and an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, enabling data transmission without the need for LoRaWAN infrastructure. The firmware was developed under a FreeRTOS-based architecture, focusing on energy efficiency through the use of deep sleep mode and peripheral control via MOSFET, ensuring long-term operation powered solely by rechargeable batteries. The sensed data are encrypted using AES-GCM, guaranteeing confidentiality and integrity before being transmitted to a web server built with Django and PostgreSQL. Functional field tests of communication and sensing achieved an effective range of approximately 850 meters, with stable performance over extended periods. The prototype proved to be a low-cost, autonomous, and secure alternative to commercial solutions, with potential for scaling into distributed forest sensor networks and future integration of artificial intelligence for early detection of environmental events.
dc.format.mimetypepdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/99905
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherUniversidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
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dc.rights.accesoAbierto (Texto Completo)
dc.rights.accessrightsOpenAccess
dc.subjectIoT forestal
dc.subjectESP32
dc.subjectLoRa
dc.subjectSensado ambiental
dc.subjectCifrado AES-GCM
dc.subjectEficiencia energética
dc.subject.keywordForest IoT
dc.subject.keywordESP32
dc.subject.keywordLoRa
dc.subject.keywordEnvironmental sensing
dc.subject.keywordAES-GCM encryption
dc.subject.keywordEnergy efficiency
dc.subject.lembIngeniería Electrónica -- Tesis y disertaciones académicas
dc.titleDiseño y desarrollo de un prototipo de dispositivo de internet de las cosas (Iot) para la medición de variables forestales
dc.title.titleenglishDesign and development of an internet of things (IoT) device prototype for measuring forest variables
dc.typebachelorThesis
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_7a1f
dc.type.degreePasantía
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

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