Ingeniería Electrónica
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11349/2043
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Ítem Diseño e implementación de un pulsioxímetro con registro en base de datos e interfaz de visualización para el monitoreo de signos vitales(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Guavita Herrera, Julian Andrés; Álvarez Hernández, Diego Leonardo; Rozo García, Pablo Emilio; Rozo García, Pablo Emilio [0000-0002-2587-8130]This project presents the design and implementation of a digital pulse oximeter prototype integrating the MAX30102 sensor and the ESP32 microcontroller. The system enables the transmission of vital signs via Wi-Fi, storing the data in a database and displaying it through a web interface that allows user registration and login. The prototype’s performance was evaluated by comparing it with a commercial pulse oximeter model MD300C11, obtaining an error margin of ±2.317% in oxygen saturation measurements and ±3.483 BPM in heart rate readings. The results demonstrate that the developed device meets the required technical specifications, confirming its reliability, usefulness, and efficiencyÍtem Diseño, implementacion y evaluacion de un control activo de rechazo de perturbaciones para el sistema QUANSER QUBE - Servo 3, en su configuracion de pendulo de furuta(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Torres Corredor, Erick Johann; Ovalle Martinez, Diana Marcela; Ovalle Martinez, Diana Marcela [0000-0002-3650-4273]This thesis presents the theory for applying Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC). It covers the theory of extended state observers, generalized proportional-integral observers, and the control law. Examples with simulations for linear and nonlinear systems are presented. All the theory is applied to ADRC for the QUBE Servo 3 system in a future pendulum configuration from QUANSER. Simulation and implementation results are presented. Furthermore, the concept of a differential system and flat output, fundamental to applying ADRC, is explained. Since the mathematical model is required, the thesis explains in detail how to obtain this model from scratch.Ítem Comparación de estrategias de control óptimo y rechazo activo de disturbio en un sistema de péndulo rotacional invertido(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Garzón D"Alemán, Cristian Andrés; Jutinico Alarcón, Andrés Leonardo; Jutinico Alarcón, Andrés Leonardo [0000-0001-9146-9637]This undergraduate thesis, developed within the LASER research group at Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, aims to compare the performance of optimal control strategies applied to a rotational inverted pendulum system, also known as the Furuta pendulum. For this purpose, the Qube Servo 3 equipment from the company QUANSER is used. The project begins with the theoretical study and modeling of the Furuta pendulum, followed by the analysis of the physical system provided by QUANSER. Then, optimal and active disturbance rejection control strategies are designed and simulated to maintain the pendulum in a vertical position: an optimal control with integral action based on a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and a Kalman filter, as well as an active disturbance rejection strategy using a disturbance estimator. Simulations are carried out in Matlab, and later the controllers are implemented on the real system using Matlab/Simulink. Finally, real-time data is collected to compare the simulated results with those obtained experimentally, allowing for an evaluation of each control strategy’s performance.Ítem Desarrollo de un prototipo de máquina dobladora de alambre para aplicaciones en mecánica dental mediante procesamiento digital de imágenes(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Barrero Medina, Sara Valentina; Lopez Sanchez, Wilson Ricardo; Lopez Sanchez, Wilson Ricardo [0000-0002-1377-0667]This work presents the development of a prototype wire bending machine for dental mechanics applications. A digital image processing system was implemented to obtain tooth lengths and calculate the movements required for fabricating a selected dental plate. The prototype, with three degrees of freedom, was built and evaluated by comparing its performance with the bending sequences and fabrication of dental arches commonly used in orthodontics.Ítem Sistema Embebido basado en ESP32 para el monitoreo de variables en sistemas de soldadura de arco protegidas por gas (GMAW)(Universidad Distrital Francisco José De Caldas) Piraquive Manchego, Juan Pablo; Lopez Sanchez, Wilson Ricardo; Lopez Sanchez, Wilson Ricardo [0000-0002-1377-0667]This project presents the development of an embedded monitoring system based on the ESP32 microcontroller for Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) processes. The system aims to acquire and analyze key physical variables involved in the welding process, such as voltage, current, and shielding gas flow rate, in order to improve process control and productivity tracking. The ESP32 is programmed in C++ using the Arduino IDE and integrated with Wi-Fi communication and HTTP protocols for data transmission to a web server. The server, developed using PHP and MySQL, stores and visualizes the data through dynamic web interfaces using JavaScript and Chart.js. Experimental tests validated the performance of the sensors and demonstrated the reliability of the system in real-time monitoring under industrial conditions. The proposed solution contributes to the implementation of low-cost and scalable IoT technologies for the supervision and optimization of welding systems in manufacturing environments.Ítem Diseño y simulación del Sistema de Control de la Excetatriz de una máquina síncrona mediante un algoritmo de inteligencia artificial(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Cubillos Cruz, Sara Vanessa; Novoa Pinzón, Johan Alexander; Florez Cediel, Oscar David; Florez Cediel, Oscar David [0000-0002-0653-0577]This work addresses the design and implementation of algorithms based on artificial intelligence for the control of the exciter of a synchronous machine based on the DC1A and DC2A direct current excitation models of the IEEE 421.5 standard of 2005 and 2016. Two models based on fuzzy control and two other models based on machine learning are proposed in order to compare the models and identify which is the model that has the best performance with respect to the three evaluation tests carried out on the dynamic change of loads, the change of the reference voltage and the peak phase voltage when handling nominal voltage. In general, a better performance was observed in the models based on fuzzy control with respect to the models based on machine learning.Ítem Implementación de un sistema de control PLC HMI basado en el estándar IEC 61499 en un entorno de pruebas o simulación(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Salas Alfonso, Diana Vanessa; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo [0000-0002-1377-0667]; García Barreto, Germán Alberto (Catalogador)This thesis documents the development of an internship carried out at Schneider Electric, focused on the simulation of an industrial process from the Dexson plant using EcoStruxure Automation Expert, a software-based automation platform that implements the IEC 61499 standard. The project involves the design of a modular, distributed, and object-oriented solution, highlighting the advantages of this technology compared to traditional systems based on IEC 61131-3. The proposal includes the design, implementation, and validation of the simulated process through functional testing, demonstrating significant improvements in terms of flexibility, scalability, and component reusability.Ítem Implementación de una arquitectura configurada bajo el estándar IEC 61499 para aplicaciones IIoT(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Villarraga Ardila, Angie Tatiana; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo [0000-0002-1377-0667]This project aims to implement a control architecture configured under the IEC 61499 standard for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications, using the EcoStruxure Automation Expert (EAE) platform and equipment from Schneider Electric’s (SE) portfolio. The proposal aims to demonstrate the advantages of open, modular and interoperable systems over traditional architectures based on IEC 61131 by integrating industrial communication protocols such as OPC UA and MQTT. The methodology included the review of technical documentation and engineering software training, the design of a scalable IIoT architecture and the implementation of a pump station simulated and controlled through EAE, with communication and visualization validations in Node-Red and UaExpert. The results show a flexible and portable system, in which interoperability between different devices and platforms is guaranteed. It is concluded that the adoption of the IEC 61499 standard favors the development of distributed industrial solutions, prepared for the technological evolution of Industry 4.0.Ítem Diseño y desarrollo de un prototipo de dispositivo de internet de las cosas (Iot) para la medición de variables forestales(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Ardila González, Jhon Nicolás; Camargo López, Julián Rolando; Camargo López, Julián Rolando [0000-0003-3483-1884]This work presents the design and development of FRED-01, an autonomous forest IoT prototype aimed at environmental and dendrometric monitoring in trees. The system integrates sensors for CO2 concentration, temperature, humidity, and diameter at breast height (DBH), combined with a LoRa communication module and an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, enabling data transmission without the need for LoRaWAN infrastructure. The firmware was developed under a FreeRTOS-based architecture, focusing on energy efficiency through the use of deep sleep mode and peripheral control via MOSFET, ensuring long-term operation powered solely by rechargeable batteries. The sensed data are encrypted using AES-GCM, guaranteeing confidentiality and integrity before being transmitted to a web server built with Django and PostgreSQL. Functional field tests of communication and sensing achieved an effective range of approximately 850 meters, with stable performance over extended periods. The prototype proved to be a low-cost, autonomous, and secure alternative to commercial solutions, with potential for scaling into distributed forest sensor networks and future integration of artificial intelligence for early detection of environmental events.Ítem Diseño y simulación de un sistema MPPT basado en algoritmos de machine learning para autogeneración a pequeña escala fotovoltaica mediante un sistema embebido Raspberry Pi.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Gómez Salgado, Diego Felipe; Peña Delgado, Paula Valentina; Florez Cediel , Oscar David; Florez Cediel, Oscar David [0000-0002-0653-0577]An MPPT emulation and control system is presented, the objective of which was to design and simulate, using Raspberry Pi and MATLAB/Simulink, an emulated photovoltaic generator and a conversion stage connectable to a microgrid, posing as a central question how to implement maximum power point tracking in an embedded and simulation environment. The problem addressed was the variability of irradiance and the computational and sampling limitations that hinder real-time control and MPP identification under dynamic conditions. The objectives were to emulate the behavior of the PV generator on Raspberry Pi, model the conversion stage in MATLAB, select and train a machine learning algorithm for MPPT, and validate the Pi–MATLAB integration. These were achieved by implementing the diode model in Python on Raspberry Pi, simulating a buck-type DC–DC converter, a three-phase inverter, and a battery system in Simulink, and serial communication between the Pi and MATLAB for validation. For control, different MPPT methods were compared; the selected algorithm was ANFIS+IC, which was trained on 1 million data points and showed the best combination of accuracy and convergence time, achieving a reported median accuracy of 99.995%. In conclusion, the work demonstrates the feasibility of using Raspberry Pi as a model emulator/executor and of integrating advanced MPPT algorithms with MATLAB for small-scale applications.Ítem Desarrollo de una solución hardware para el esquema de cifrado homomórfico Brakerski-Fan-Vercauteren(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Velasco Pinilla, Dylan Arturo; Gaona Barrera, Andrés EduardoThis work presents the development and implementation of a homomorphic encryption system based on the BFV scheme on a Zynq-7000 FPGA. The system implements the four fundamental operations of the BFV scheme: KeyGen for cryptographic key generation, Encrypt for encrypting messages through modular polynomial operations, Decrypt for recovering the original message through scaling and rounding, and Eval for executing homomorphic operations such as addition and scalar multiplication on encrypted texts. The architecture integrates a true random number generator based on FiGaRO ring oscillators that exploits thermal jitter to generate cryptographic entropy, a pseudorandom generator based on Lorenz and Lü chaotic maps that complements the system's randomness, and a discrete Gaussian noise generator that uses the acceptance-rejection method to produce Gaussian statistical distributions with a standard deviation of 3.2. The system is experimentally validated through the implementation of a homomorphic PID controller for a Buck-Boost converter, where the error signal is processed in the encrypted domain, achieving 99.10% accuracy with a correlation coefficient of 0.9964 between the original and homomorphically processed signals, operating at 100 MHz with encryption times of 41.04 μs and decryption times of 20.56 μs.Ítem Algoritmo para clasificación de familias de corales y su blanqueamiento(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Hernández Tarazona, Carlos Stiven; Sarmiento Ibagón, Brandon Camilo; Wilson Ricardo, Lopez Sanchez; Wilson Ricardo, Lopez Sanchez [0000-0002-1377-0667]This research presents an automated coral analysis system based on computer vision and deep learning techniques. The main objective is to classify coral families and evaluate bleaching severity from underwater images, integrating color restoration, segmentation, hierarchical classification, and health assessment into a single processing pipeline. The system includes a color recovery module using the YCrCb color space and CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) to enhance luminance and correct the bluish-green cast common in underwater environments. A hybrid segmentation approach combining GroundingDINO and SAM (Segment Anything Model) ensures accurate coral isolation from complex marine backgrounds. The hierarchical taxonomic classifier is built upon a multi-head ResNet-50 architecture, trained to simultaneously predict family, genus, and species levels, and optimized with the AdamW optimizer for improved convergence and generalization. A bleaching detection module analyzes luminance in the Lab space to produce severity maps and quantify bleached and at-risk regions. Experimental results indicate a notable improvement in image quality (UIQM +27.3%, UIConM +36.4%) and an accuracy of 85.69% at the species level after integrating color recovery and segmentation. The system proved robust against preprocessing and illumination variations, validated with real-world underwater datasets collected under diverse environmental conditions. In conclusion, the proposed end-to-end framework successfully transforms raw underwater imagery into quantitative biological information, supporting automated reef monitoring and contributing to the technological advancement of marine conservation tools.Ítem Diseño de un prototipo de radar meteorológico de aeródromo basado en el funcionamiento del radar meteorológico a bordo de aeronaves(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Riveros Mendoza, Sergio Esteban; Salazar Morales, OmarThis document presents the preliminary design of an aerodrome weather radar prototype, developed from the ART2000 radar and its IN182A control display. The main objective was to design and implement an electronic and software system that emulates the functions of the original display, allowing the digital capture and visualization of meteorological information. In the first phase, the controls and signals of the IN182A display were characterized, and electronic circuits integrated on a PCB were designed to replicate its functions. In the second phase, the ARINC 453/708 signal from the radar was intercepted and decoded, and a Python program with a graphical interface was developed to display meteorological images in real time, eliminating dependence on the cathode-ray tube display. Finally, in the third phase, the preliminary design of the distribution box was carried out, including its power supplies, connections, and corresponding protections. The results demonstrate the feasibility of modernizing legacy meteorological systems, facilitating their adaptation to new platforms and reducing costs compared to the acquisition of specialized equipment. The project represents a first step toward the implementation of portable meteorological stations for the Colombian Aerospace Force, with potential for deployment in remote areas of the country.Ítem Red Blockchain de Ethereum como solución tecnológica para el alojamiento de historias clínicas en Colombia(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Villarreal Gomez, Orion; Ferro Escobar, Roberto; Ferro Escobar, Roberto [0000-0002-8978-538X]Information is a vital input for the development of any process in society. Of course, activities related to health care and services in the country are based on data from each of the actors and processes involved in the health system. In this way, data become fundamental information assets to ensure the proper functioning of the system and, in turn, guarantee the quality of the service provided to people. In order to safeguard the integrity, authenticity, custody, traceability, sequentiality, immutability, and confidentiality of information, in addition to centralized information systems, there are systems that operate under a decentralized architecture that allows these premises to be met, including nested layers of encryption between blocks of information defined as the specific case of blockchain. It is proposed to use this decentralized secure data storage system to host information related to “Clinical Records” in the country. This work seeks to integrate, in an academic way, the properties and qualities of the blockchain system for hosting information from these clinical records in Colombia.Ítem Desarrollo de una aplicación para analizar indicadores de desempeño en equipos de cuarta generación con dashboards en Grafana(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Valencia Anacona, Andrés Felipe; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo; López Sánchez, Wilson Ricardo [0000-0002-1377-0667]This research develops an application for the automated analysis of key performance indicators (KPIs) in 4G LTE core network equipment, with the aim of optimizing the monitoring and diagnosis of its behavior through interactive dashboards in Grafana. The project integrates data processing and visualization tools, using Python, SQLite, and the STUMPY library for the detection of anomalies in time series. The methodology applied, which is descriptive and applied in nature, was structured in four iterative phases: training, definition of requirements, development, and final implementation. In the first phase, the KPIs of the Session Border Controller (SBC) element were identified and classified. Subsequently, an anomaly detection algorithm based on the Matrix Profile was implemented, which allowed significant deviations in the behavior of network metrics to be identified. The designed system processes data from CSV or ZIP files and generates databases in SQLite format along with Grafana-compatible JSON files, enabling dynamic visualization of the results. The graphical interface, developed in CustomTkinter, facilitates user interaction with the data and the automation of dashboards. The results show that the application improves data interpretation and anomaly detection accuracy, and provides an adaptable tool for monitoring performance in 4G networks, with potential for extension to 5G environments.Ítem Sistema de monitoreo de variables ambientales del humedal el Gualí - Tres esquinas mediante el uso de tecnologías de comunicación inalámbrica de baja potencia.(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Arias Rincón , Christian David; Rincón Guevara, Eduar Camilo; Plazas Nossa, Leonardo; Arias Rincón, Christian David [0009-0004-1013-4800]; Rincon Guevara, Eduar Camilo [0009-0001-1721-9987]Environmental monitoring system with long-range communication based on radio frequency technology and low-power elements, for remote visualization of environmental variables in the Gualí wetland - Tres Esquinas Sector (Funza, Cundinamarca) such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), water temperature, and ozone and carbon levels in the air. The information is measured in the field, transmitted via RF signals between nodes dispersed in the area, and then sent to the ThingSpeak visualization platform via mobile data technology and WiFi communication between its central node and the access point (AP). For system operability, portable and reusable power systems are implemented, providing autonomy to the system.Ítem Implementación de mejoras en la red inalámbrica basada en radioenlaces de la red RITA, para el despliegue y activación del laboratorio blockchain de la Universidad Distrital mediante el modelo ETOM(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Huertas Cifuentes, Nahir Sofia; Ferro Escobar, Roberto; Ferro Escobar, Roberto [0000-0002-8978-538X]This project addresses the modernization and optimization of the wireless communications network of the Advanced Technology Research Network (RITA) at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. The main objective was to implement improvements in the radio link infrastructure to enable the deployment and activation of a Blockchain technology laboratory, using the eTOM reference model to guide the project phases. Initially, a comprehensive diagnosis of the state of the six main radio links was carried out, identifying performance issues, desynchronizations, and obsolescence in security protocols. Based on this analysis, maintenance and improvement actions were executed, including updating protocols to SNMPv3, optimizing antenna configurations, realigning a link affected by physical obstruction, and strategically migrating an inoperable link to the university's fiber optic network. These improvements resulted in an increase of up to 50% in the throughput of key links and an overall stabilization of the network. Subsequently, a private three-node blockchain network based on Ethereum (Geth) was deployed on the optimized network infrastructure. Finally, technical performance tests were conducted that validated both the robustness of the radio link network—with low latency and zero packet loss—and the functionality of the blockchain network, which operates stably with a constant block time of 15 seconds and efficient transaction processing. The project concludes successfully, providing the university with an improved network infrastructure and a functional blockchain laboratory for the benefit of research and academic training.Ítem Portal global para la gestión integral de tiendas virtuales mediante la comunicación con servidores y bases de datos remotos en la nube.(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Mantilla Sánchez, Ricardo Andrés; Plazas Nossa , LeonardoPresents the design and implementation of a global portal for the integral management of virtual stores, aimed at providing Colombian entrepreneurs and administrators with a technological tool to optimize their e-commerce operations. The solution includes two applications: an administrative platform for product, sales, inventory, and customer management, and a client platform for product browsing, secure online purchases, and payment integration. The system was developed using Angular for the frontend and Firebase as the cloud-based backend, leveraging services such as Firestore, Authentication, Hosting, and Storage to ensure scalability, security, and usability. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility and practical relevance of applying cloud-based telematics solutions to strengthen the Colombian e-commerce ecosystem. The prototype provides an affordable and efficient alternative for small and medium businesses, facilitating digital transformation, improving customer experience, and enhancing competitiveness in the online market.Ítem Diseño de una herramienta para la gestión de la fuerza de campo basado en tecnologías de FFM(Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas) Gutiérrez Moreno , Jonatan David; Florez Cediel, Oscar David; Florez Cediel, Oscar David [0000-0002-0653-0577]This project presents the design and implementation of a digital tool aimed at monitoring and evaluating the operational performance of field crews contracted by ACC. Based on the analysis of the operational model, established contracts, and the company’s data structure, a monitoring system was developed to assess compliance with four key performance indicators (SLAs) related to corrective and scheduled activities. The solution integrates directly with operational records in spreadsheets, enabling real-time updates and clear visualization of metrics such as response times, operational efficiency, and contract compliance. The result is a functional tool that enhances traceability, optimizes field resource supervision, and supports data-driven decision-making.Ítem Diseño de una herramienta automática de descubrimiento de inventario de red de equipos de soporte o infraestructura auxiliar en una empresa de telecomunicaciones(Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas) Perdomo Serrano, Santiago; Flórez Cediel, Oscar David; Flórez Cediel, Oscar David [0000-0002-0653-0577]The project developed for Azteca Comunicaciones Colombia involves the design of an automatic tool for discovering the network inventory of support equipment or auxiliary infrastructure. A detailed design was carried out to ensure the monitoring and collection of the information required by the company to address the inventory needs of equipment lacking information. The design drew on knowledge in areas such as basic programming, telematics, and telecommunications, seeking the best of each to ensure reliability, availability, and efficiency, thereby meeting the expectations of those involved in the project. For the design of the tool, a sample population was selected based on availability, access, information, model, and brand of the company's equipment network. Tests were carried out to determine that the equipment to be used would be from the ELTEK brand. It was determined that the tool would be designed using the Python programming language, which, together with the company's private network, would be responsible for remotely accessing the equipment and extracting the information that would later be stored in a cloud-backed database. The information sought from the equipment was determined based on the company's needs.