Del papel a la práctica: reconocimiento del aprendizaje en zonas rurales vinculando un acercamiento a los fenómenos ópticos de la luz a través del programa Viva la Escuela del Ministerio de Educación Nacional

Abstract

The report presents a comprehensive analysis of the experience framed within the internship of the "Viva la Escuela" program of Colombia's Ministry of National Education, focused on improving education in rural areas. This program seeks to provide rural primary school students with educational and socio-emotional tools that promote their holistic development, enabling them to effectively integrate into their communities. The internship took place at the Ecológico San Francisco Educational Institution, located in Cómbita, Boyacá, over an approximate period of three months. During this time, different pedagogical strategies were implemented in alignment with the program's general and specific approaches, aiming to foster experimental learning, particularly around the optical phenomena of light, adapting them to the specific characteristics of the rural environment. To this end, the recognition of the Escuela Nueva educational model was fundamental in the structuring of activities, facilitating not only the meaningful acquisition of knowledge by the students but also the professional development of the volunteer through managing the challenges characteristic of the rural context. The objectives of the internship were centered on providing students with an approach to the sciences through observational and experimental activities, promoting not only the understanding of scientific concepts but also the development of critical thinking, creativity, and scientific vocabulary. The report is divided into the following key global sections. First, it addresses the legal framework supporting rural education in Colombia, citing essential laws such as the General Education Law (Law 115 of 1994), Decree 1860 of 1994, Law 715 of 2001, and the National Development Plan 2022-2026, among others. Additionally, it highlights essential aspects of the Escuela Nueva educational model and the "Viva la Escuela" program, which form the central axis of the internship. Subsequently, the territorial and social context of the municipality of Cómbita, Boyacá, is described, including its educational trajectory and demographic and economic characteristics. Furthermore, a detailed analysis is provided of the Ecológico San Francisco Educational Institution, its branches, and its educational community. The report continues with a description of the parameters of both the planning and structuring of activities, both directly related to the Successful Educational Activities (AEE), as well as the pedagogical strategies implemented by the volunteer, presenting a detailed overview of the actions inherent to the program and those developed outside the territory in collaboration with other entities through a timeline. Finally, the results obtained are evaluated, analyzing not only the impact on the academic performance of the students but also their socio-emotional development and understanding of scientific concepts. The report concludes with a reflection on the importance of science education in rural areas, the effectiveness of the "Viva la Escuela" program, and the relevant recommendations considered by the volunteer for future educational interventions in this environment.