Estudio comparativo de la diversidad liquenica y su distribución vertical en Quercus Humboldtii Bonpl Y Pinus Patula Schltdl & Cham
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Oak forests in Colombia have a wide altitudinal distribution and are recognized as important elements of the Andean forests for offering a wide variety of habitats for plants and animals. However, the establishment of forest plantations has led to the loss of 28550ha of native forests in the last 30 years. A situation that visibly affect the lichens. Therefore, we proposed to establish the impact of Pinus patula plantations on lichen flora, compared to the host role of Quercus humboldtii. In ROGITAMA´s reserve, four trees of each forophyte species were selected, which were vertically ascended to remove lichens from five previously delimited strata. The luminosity, roughness, pH and humidity of each vertical stratum were measured, an analyzed by ANOVA tables, multiple comparisons and non-metric multidimensional scaling. Reduction in frequency and diversity of the umbrophylous species, the presence of particular species and the prevalence of tolerant species, are impacts of the establishment of Pinus patula. The variations in the vertical stratification of the two forophyte species are described and in the oak a pattern of stratification is recognized in the richness. Cladonia ceratophylla, Herpothallon rubrocinctum, and Hypotrachyna costaricensis are generalist species. Two morphotypes of Astrothelium and one of Herpothallon are suggested as new species, the latter exclusives of oak. Oak stands out as an umbrella species, and the influence of humidity and roughness on the vertical distribution and preference of forophytes is recognized.