Literatura y construcción de memoria histórica: el relato del conflicto armado a través de dos novelas colombianas.
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This degree project is a research proposal that seeks to explore the relationships that converge between two main axes: Historical memory and the Colombian novel. Our country has faced for more than five decades an internal conflict that has left deep wounds in our history and in our configuration as a country. For a long time, different actors have confronted each other in a fratricidal war that for years has been told from the official hegemonic vision, ignoring the voices of the victims and the civilian population in general. Today, and after a peace process that has been ignored by many sectors and has suffered great setbacks, it is of utmost importance to ask ourselves how the collective memory is being built, how the stories about what happened in the past are being told and thus dignify the victims and establish mechanisms of non-repetition. Under this scenario, literature takes a preponderant place, since throughout history the literary stories that have covered this topic have functioned as a way not only to fictionalize the conflict, but also has allowed the generation of narratives from the point of view of the most vulnerable people who have been in the midst of this war and has also become a way to understand the events of the conflict and somehow build historical memory, through the sensitivity generated by the work of art. An example of the above and from the hand of the Colombian Nobel Prize winner in literature is Gabriel García Márquez, when in his masterpiece "One Hundred Years of Solitude" he narrated from fiction the historical fact of the massacre of the banana plantations. Around this metafiction was generated not only an exercise in which a real event is narrated from the victims (José Arcadio segundo was on the train that transported the corpses to the sea after the massacre), but also from the very nature of the work of art, it produces an effect of memory on its readers. Thus, from this research proposal, it is proposed to elaborate a socio-critical analysis of two Colombian novels, whose transversal axis is the story of the Colombian armed conflict: Los muertos no se cuentan así, by Mary Daza Orozco (1991) and En el brazo del río, by Marbel Sandoval Ordoñez (2006). These stories narrate from different moments, actors and historical facts the armed confrontation that has mostly taken place in the Colombian countryside. The texts have been selected precisely because they are narratives based on real events in Colombian history, such as the genocide of the UP and the massacres that took place in Magdalena Medio, and are fictionalized using the structures provided by literature. It is important to highlight at this point that, speaking of historical memory, it is necessary to point out two types of narratives that we can find in Colombian literature, since the conflict is often told from the testimonial sphere, from the non-fictional and even journalistic account and from the official discourses, but it is also important to analyze the role of fictional texts and how reality is narrated from there. The purpose of this socio-critical analysis is to establish how literature can contribute to the construction of the historical memory of the armed conflict in our country, taking into account that literature makes possible the non-official and victims' narratives through its representation as a work of art. In this sense, to achieve a reflection that allows first an understanding of the literary work of art, then an interpretation of it and finally a fusion in the horizon of the construction of historical memory, reconciling the past with the present, based on Bakhtin's approaches, the literary word is not a fixed point but a crossing of textual surfaces in dialogue with several writings: Writer, addressee, characters, current and previous context. In such a way that this project delimits and characterizes the problem that is exposed, in addition to the proposal of the route to follow on the theorization of this. The proposed route to reflect on this phenomenon will be postulated under the following horizon in three specific moments: First, in the statement of the problem, the elements that can become problematic axes will be described through the approach to the most relevant definitions; that is why the concepts of armed conflict, historical memory and official memory will be explored in order to relate them to the process of fictionalization of the conflict, particularizing it in the case of the Colombian novel.