Estrategias para el conocimiento y conservación de comino crespo Aniba Perutilis Hemsl en el departamento del Meta

Abstract

The importance o the conservation of plant species lies in the functioning of ecosystems and the amount of environmental services provided by forests. This is the case of the comino crespo Aniba perutilis Hemsl study which, due to the characteristics of its wood: accented and satin veining, even luster, smooth surface to the touch, durability and workability has been overexploited and therefore cataloged as critically endangered (Cárdenas and Salinas 2007). This document shows complementary information obtained about the knowledge and conservation of the species A. perutilis Hemsl in the department of Meta, from the monitoring of 179 individuals belonging to natural populations during the period 2009-2015. We calculated the annual current increment (ICA), average diameter of the species based on the method of passage times, as well as the phenotypic variability at the level of foliar architecture for each population based on the terminology proposed by Hickey (1973). Likewise, plots were established to identify the vegetation associated with A. perutilis and the granulometry and chemical analysis of the soils are analyzed. Finally, the results obtained by carrying out dissemination, knowledge and awareness activities with the metense community are evident. The species presented an average ICA in diameter of 0.40 cm / year in natural forests, which confirms that the species presents a slow diameter growth, because it can take up to 180 years, to obtain a diameter of 80 cm in natural forest. In terms of foliar architecture, the samples analyzed from the municipalities of Guamal, Acacias, Cubarral and Villavicencio in the department of Meta did not show variability. When comparing the results obtained from the establishment of associated vegetation plots in the municipalities of Cubarral, Vistahermosa we can conclude that they share species belonging to the genera Clusia, Cybianthus, Geissanthus, Helicostylis, Ilex, Macrolobium and Micropholis. The results for granulometry and chemical analysis of soils where the A. perutilis species grows shows a thick texture AF (Arenofranca) for all sampling sites. Extremely acid PH is evident. Percentages of exchangeable acidity saturation at toxic levels for most sites. Regarding outreach activities, the environmental education workshops and the creation of the ecological group "Comino crespo de la Orinoquía" managed to change in the community in some way its attitude towards the conservation of the comino crespo and its natural habitat in the department of Meta.