Análisis y modelación de velocidades operacionales de vehículos livianos, en carreteras primarias bidireccionales en terreno montañoso colombiano. Sectores: Facatativá-Albán entre k9+100 y k13+403 y Zipaquirá – Sutatausa entre k21+600 y k29+521

Abstract

Colombian highways in most of the territory, are carried out in mountainous terrain due to the presence of the Andes mountain range, which makes these roads present high slopes and a high complexity in the layout, added to these characteristics, in Colombia, generally this kind of roads are built with a single two-way two-lane roadway, so this set of factors causes road safety problems. It can be observed that more than 17% of road accidents throughout the country are produced on single carriageway roads. In 2019, the National Road Safety Agency (ANSV) presented the above data, which correspond to accidents related to operating speed. The latter is defined as the speed developed by 85% of vehicles, on a stretch of road. (ANI 2015). By knowing the operating speeds that will be developed by users, it is possible to mitigate this type of accidents, thus allowing the development of strategies to improve road safety. These speeds can be determined by means of operating speed models, which include curves, straights and their transitions. In this research we intend to develop this type of models oriented to light vehicles because they are the road actors that have greater participation on the roads and, in addition, they are the ones that have a greater influence on their behavior depending on the layout of the road. These models are intended to address elements such as curves, straights and transitions between these entities, and their function is to determine the operating speed so that different analyses of consistency and sectorization of areas of possible high accident risk caused by speed can be carried out, either of an existing road or of a road in the design phase, so that relevant measures can be proposed to improve road safety. For the development of these models, the data resulting from continuous speed measurements from a Garmin GPS navigator, which provides a maximum speed error of 3 km/h, will be used. These speed data will be taken in two roads, Facatativá-Alban between K9+100 and K13+403 and Zipaquirá - Sutatausa K21+600 and K29+521; which are primary roads, single carriageway, bidirectional, with longitudinal slopes in a range of 6% and 8%. The collected data will be associated to the geometric elements present in the layout, such as curves, straight and transitions between them. The results of this study will be applicable only to roads that present the characteristics described above, otherwise the results are not guaranteed. It is the object of analysis of another study to determine if it is possible to apply them to roads with other characteristics.