Influencia de la intervención antrópica en los patrones de diversidad de arañas en el Centro Experimental Amazónico (CEA), (Mocoa, Putumayo)

Abstract

Spiders are considered a key group for their role as bioindicators according to their presence, abundance and diversity, however, there are no known aspects about the composition and diversity of spiders in the municipality of Mocoa Putumayo, for this reason, the present study evaluated the structure of spider communities present in the Amazon Experimental Center (CEA) located in the village of San José del Pepino in the municipality of Mocoa, Putumayo, Colombia, in a reserve area that contains a small area destined for ecotourism, research is carried out with the In order to demonstrate how the presence and activity of the human being can modify the spider communities, and transcend the characteristics of such ecosystems, additionally parallel to this serve as the primary conceptual basis for the department of Putumayo. The CEA, being a reserve zone with areas not intervened and anthropically intervened, allows to conserve a high biodiversity of spiders even in their restoration areas, on the other hand, anthropic intervention indirectly influences by decreasing the composition of spiders in their wealth and abundance, which is observable in the data obtained in the three intervention gradients. Sampling was carried out during the month of September 2018, using methods of direct capture (manual) and fall traps (Pitfall), three sampling areas were established with different degrees of conservation and anthropic intervention (Suruma, Botanical Garden and Yagé Path). A total of 402 individuals were collected, 98 in Suruma, 124 in the Botanical Garden and 180 in the Yage Trail distributed in 14 families, 155 morphotypes; the families with the highest number of morphotypes were Araneidae with 38, followed by Salticidae and Tetragnathidae with 19 and families with less morphotypes were Corinnidae with 2 and Theridiosomatidae and Dipluridae with 1.