Implementación de un sistema de compostaje y agricultura urbana, para el aprovechamiento de los residuos sólidos generados en la unidad de protección integral “La Florida”

Abstract

The present work has the general objective of implementing a composting and urban agriculture system at the Integral Protection Unit (UPI) La Florida, aimed at young people between 18 and 28 years old who have experienced homelessness or are at risk of it. The project arises as an option to make use of the solid waste generated in the facility and to promote environmentally friendly practices that strengthen environmental education, circular economy, and food sovereignty. The methodology used began with an initial diagnosis through basic information gathering and the application of surveys. This was followed by educational workshops to train the young participants and the implementation of the most viable composting technique: the Silva digester bale, selected for its low cost, odor control, and adaptability to the available space. Over four weeks, the waste generated was weighed and recorded, with the main types identified being organic waste, paper, cardboard, plastic, and aluminum. The results showed an increase in the participants' technical knowledge about urban agriculture and composting, as well as better utilization of organic waste for fertilizer production. This process not only contributed to reducing the volume of waste sent to final disposal but also strengthened the participants’ sense of belonging and community leadership. In conclusion, composting represents a key strategy for sustainably managing degradable solid waste in vulnerable urban contexts, and its implementation can be replicated in other Integral Protection Units of IDIPRON. It is also recommended to continue environmental education processes, establish strategic partnerships, and carry out follow-up actions to ensure the sustainability of the initiative.