Diseño de un sistema para la gestión y visualización de información geográfica en el proyecto de Titulación Colectiva de Comunidades Negras

Abstract

This work describes the design and implementation of a system for the management and visualization of geographic information within the framework of the Collective Land Titling Project for Black Communities in Colombia. The proposed solution integrates Business Intelligence (BI) tools with spatial databases to consolidate, analyze, and present multi-thematic information distributed across 158 geographic layers, later organized into 40 unified layers. The system, named Afroterritorio Observa, employs a modular architecture based on PostgreSQL/PostGIS, Metabase, and Mapbox, enabling efficient execution of CRUD operations, generation of interactive dashboards, application of custom filters, and export of reports. Furthermore, spatial and hierarchical relationships were established to link geographic information with territorial entities, ensuring traceability, interoperability, and an ethnic-differentiated approach. The adopted methodology includes thematic segmentation, relational modeling, and use case design under UML and the Rational Unified Process (RUP). This tool strengthens the autonomy of Afro-descendant community councils by facilitating access to and analysis of data for informed decision-making, territorial defense, and participatory planning.