Implicaciones ontológicas y epistemológicas de las desigualdades de Bell

Abstract

Bell's theorem is categorized by some as the deepest discovery of science. The idea that is commonly presented is that it forces to choose between the philosophical thesis of realism or locality, coming to affirm that realism has been refuted by the phenomena themselves. To the discussion about the interpretation of Bell's theorem, several questions of philosophical interest, particularly questions relating to quantum ontology, the characteristics of space-time, or the nature of realism, to name a few, are involved. This paper aims to analyze the ontological and epistemological implications of Bell's inequalities and their relationship with non-locality. For this purpose, a philosophical orientation is proposed, inspired by the ideas developed by Mario Bunge, given his attitude of making philosophy based on scientific knowledge. With this aim, the work starts from the historical background and then develop the ontological and epistemological ideas of scientific realism proposed by Mario Bunge. Later, the physical implications of Bell's inequalities and their relationship with the non-locality are analyzed, in order to conclude with the presentation of an axiomatic of quantum mechanics in order to organize the ontological and epistemological implications of Bell's inequalities.