Estudio de viabilidad técnica, económica y ambiental de la transición a fuentes de energía solar fotovoltaica aplicado a la iluminación en bodegas ubicadas en la zona industrial de Melobo Fontibón, Bogotá

Abstract

This document develops a technical, economic and environmental feasibility study of the transition to a photovoltaic solar energy source, applied to the lighting of the warehouses located in the industrial area of Melobo in the town of Fontibón, and finally the results are socialized with one of the stakeholders in the area. Manufacturing activities, waste disposal, chemical and logistic processes, among other industrial and commercial activities are carried out in these warehouses. Therefore, they require to be illuminated during the whole working day, which implies a considerable expenditure of electrical energy. In the first part, a description of the area of influence is developed, making use of public access sources, relevant data is collected on the companies in the area, such as the company name, economic activity and size; data on the solar radiation that reaches the area on a daily basis is also referenced. With the data collected on radiation, and making use of applications for measuring surfaces, legislation on recommended levels of lighting in work environments and taking as a reference a common model of luminaire for industrial environments, a diagnosis ofthe electrical energy consumption of the warehouses is made. With the data on the area of influence and the diagnosis of the use of electrical energy, the materials, supplies and labor necessary for the installation and annual maintenance of a photovoltaic solar energy system that completely supplies the energy consumption for the lighting of all the warehouses are defined, as well as the cost of the initial investment of the system and its annual maintenance expenses; In the same chapter the potential savings are defined taking into account the current electricity tariffs of the company providing the service and finally the requirements to access the tax benefits stipulated in the Colombian legislation for investors in renewable energy sources are described and taking into account the savings for 17 electricity service in the electricity bill, the costs and expenses of the implementation, a time inwhich the reversion of the investment would occur is stipulated. Finally, using emission factors provided by national institutions, a figure is established to mitigate the emission of carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere through conventional energy sources; in addition to this, relevant information is provided regarding the production of solar modules and the environmental impact they may cause. The results and the methodology applied were made known to one of the stakeholders of the company that has more impact in terms of size and electricity consumption, through a socialization and a booklet exposing the above points along with a conclusion and recommendations.