Evaluación del efecto insecticida del extracto de cinnamomum verum, sobre adultos de la especie musca doméstica en condiciones de laboratorio

Abstract

The Musca domestica is a plague insect of considerable importance for public health since it is a transmitter of infectious diseases. As a result, the massive use of synthetic insecticides has become common to achieve control of the pest. However, the intensive use of chemical substances has negatively impacted health and the environment. In order to avoid greater ecological and sanitary repercussions, the evaluation of botanical insecticides on insect pests emerges as a modern alternative to achieve its control. The deepening of this area has made it possible to demonstrate that vector controls can be carried out without having repercussions on natural or human ecosystems. The present investigation decided to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the essential oil of Cinnamomum verum on adults of the Musca domestica species under laboratory conditions, for which the capture of approximately 750 flies in Mochuelo Alto was carried out. Essential oil extraction processes were carried out using cinnamon powder as a substrate and applying the soxhlet method and the Rotary evaporation. Previous methodological activities were carried out, such as the calculation of natural death of flies in the laboratory, the calculation of efficiency in the extraction of essential oils, etc. All in order to guarantee a correct execution of the experimental design through the bioassays. The bioassays were developed in glass cages with 10 individuals without differing sex or age, the extract was applied by spraying, mortality was recorded in 1, 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h time intervals for treatments control with 96% ethanol and water and seven concentrations of aqueous extract of cinnamon v / v "400, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 1000 ppm", each treatment had 6 replications. All the evaluated concentrations showed mortality on the flies during the first hour of registration, finding a mortality higher than 90% from 650ppm. The LC50 and CL90 obtained by sigmoidal regression were "518.94 ppm and 640.71ppm" respectively; the TL50 was recorded at "12 h - 600 ppm" and TL 90 at "48 h - 650 ppm". It was concluded that the aqueous extract of C. verum presents acute toxic characteristics for the adults of M. domestica, nevertheless, the extract of C. verum manages to generate greater efficiencies when it is diluted in substances that stimulate emulsification processes.