Estado del arte de las fachadas verdes como estrategia de arquitectura alternativa y sostenible y aplicación de prueba piloto fachada verde

Abstract

This research examines green façades as an alternative and sustainable architectural strategy, highlighting benefits such as environmental sustainability, improved air quality, thermal and acoustic insulation, stormwater management, as well as their aesthetic contribution and social well-being. The literature review was conducted using various sources, including theses, monographs, undergraduate projects, and other academic and technical documents, and the analysis of successful green façade case studies in Colombia, Brazil, and Ecuador. The study was complemented by the implementation of a pilot project on a one-square-meter module at the Coliseum of the Faculty of Technology of Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. The results show that green façades help reduce indoor building temperatures, improve air quality, promote urban biodiversity, and create a positive visual impact in built environments; moreover, the pilot test verified their technical and economic feasibility, emphasizing the importance of selecting plant species adapted to the local climate and optimizing the irrigation system to ensure water efficiency. The findings support the adoption of green façades within the university campus and other urban environments as an effective strategy to strengthen environmental sustainability, optimize thermal and acoustic comfort, improve the community’s quality of life, and integrate them into urban planning policies and architectural projects, ensuring alignment with current regulations and maximizing their long-term benefits.