Observaciones de la tierra aplicadas al análisis del balance hídrico de cuencas hidrográficas mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales MODIS, IMERG, GRACE y GLDAS en la región de la Guajira, Colombia

Abstract

This document presents a study that utilizes remote sensing and Earth observation data to monitor and assess the water balance of hydrographic basins in the La Guajira region, Colombia. The study is grounded in the analysis of satellite imagery from MODIS, IMERG, GRACE, and GLDAS, which provide information about precipitation, evapotranspiration, surface and subsurface runoff, and terrestrial water storage. The objective is to provide tools to specialists to determine management and access strategies for water resources, considering the scarcity and demand that impact the population, particularly indigenous communities. The study employs QGIS software to process and analyze the data, applying the water balance formula to each sub-basin in La Guajira. The results demonstrate the viability of conducting water collection activities during the rainy season for use in the dry season, as well as identifying high-risk water scarcity areas such as the Middle Cesar and Lower Cesar sub-basins. The study contributes to sustainable water management in the region and serves as a foundation for implementing measures to adapt to climate change and conserve water resources.