Transportador de serotonina : una revisión teórica basada en los polimorfismos del 5-HTTPLR, estructura, interacciones de los dominios citoplasmáticos y principales sitios de unión a iones y sustratos para el diseño de fármacos altamente selectivos.

Abstract

In the last 20 years, the study of the serotonin transporter (SERT) has taken on great importance because in this serotonergic signaling is terminated through the dependent reuptake of sodium and chloride ions of the neurotransmitter in presynaptic neurons. It has been possible to demonstrate in multiple investigations that a dysregulation or malfunction of SERT manages to considerably affect the neuronal activation potentials generating pathophysiologies such as depression, anxiety, lack of appetite and suicidal tendencies, for which SERT has been become one of the primary objectives of antidepressant and psychostimulant drugs that can inhibit reuptake and help prolong serotonin signaling in neurons. In this document, a compilation of different scientific articles was made focused mainly on the way in which polymorphisms in the 5-HTTLPR gene manage to affect the functioning of the serotonin transporter, generating different pathophysiologies, in addition, the structure of SERT as well as the way in how it possibly interacts through its binding sites with ions, substrates, and drugs