Diversidad de peces en la cuenca baja Río Sumapaz, Colombia

Abstract

Biology is an area of science that involves fish diversity which should be studied, recorded and protected. For this reason, this investigation has a purpose to document the fish composition of the Sumapaz River, in the low basin, specificate the distribution gradient near with density and biomass of each species. As a reference, 5 sampling stations were taken; Ricaurte, Nilo, Arbeláez, Icononzo (Tolima) y Pandi Cundinamarca. This was done through the combination of several types of networks such as; hair strings, trawl nets, electro-fishing and others. For the data analysis was used, daily collection on different spots chosen in the area studied. This was done in the first week on September, 2017. Furthermore, surveys were conducted to the anglers of the community to have a broader perspective about the frequent species in that riverbed. For data analysis to used Simpson, Jaccard y Pielou indices, by means of PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software. as results A total of 239 individuals were taken belonging to 3 orders, 10 different families, 21 gender y 24 species of fish. The order of the Fish of the Siluriformes type was more representative respect to number of individuals, However the Characiformes show more type households and gender. The most abundant species per area: Nilo Cundinamarca river whith Pimelodus blochii, Ricaurte Cundinamarca River with Prochilodus magdalenae and Chaetostoma thomsoni in the other localities. Following this same order are the 3 most abundant species in the lower basin of the river, where Prochilodus Magdalenae were captured with the more proportion of biomass (6575 gr). The place with greater equity was Arbeláez with a value of 0, 80. The zones that present a greater similarity with respect to the species are Icononzo y Pandi. Lastly were able to determine that the all sampling locations in the lower basin of the Sumapaz River have an average diversity index that exceeds 0.5, with the exception of the locality of Ricaurte Cundinamarca which indicated that values given are a 0.7, which explains the high rate of diversity.