Modelación dinámica del estado trófico y su relación con los cambios en la biodiversidad del humedal de Torca – Bogotá (Colombia), bajo condiciones del fenómeno ENSO

Abstract

The current state and the continuous alterations that afflict the wetlands located in the urban perimeter of the city of Bogotá (Colombia), motivates the development of instruments and tools that are supportive in the development of actions oriented to the recovery and preservation of these aquatic ecosystems The results of the formulation of a dynamic simulation model of the hydrological and trophic conditions of the Torca wetland - Bogotá (Colombia), and its relationship with the changes in its biodiversity, under conditions of the ENSO phenomenon as a contribution to the sustainable management Three (3) submodels were developed to describe and explain the functionality of the wetland. The first model explained hydrological behavior, the second described the state of eutrophication and the third involved changes in the biodiversity of the ecosystem based on the trophic state. All models were analyzed under conditions of the ENSO phenomenon. The results showed that during the year of El Niño (2001) the wetland was in Mesotrophic conditions and during La Niña (2011) under Eutrophic scenarios, and that the state of the water body improves when the hydraulic retention times are higher at 27 days / year, favoring the process of self-purification. It was also concluded that in the year of El Niño there was a greater estimate of biodiversity in relation to the year 2011 named as La Niña, with 212 sp and 195 sp respectively (multiannual average), demonstrating that the maintenance of the quantity and biological diversity in the wetland is a function of low levels of eutrophication.