Topografía aplicada a la balística forense; parametrización de rangos de distancia de disparo en arma de fuego tipo pistola calibre 9x19mm, mediante identificación del diámetro del orificio de entrada, en consideración a la posición de tiro

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the direct relationship between the shooting distance, the firing position and the diameter of the entry hole in animal tissue, in order to parameterize 5 (five) ranges of shooting distance of a 9x19mm caliber pistol-type firearm, which can be used as a technical-scientific reference in cases of reconstruction of criminal acts involving the impact of projectile of this type of firearms, therefore, they are based on topographic techniques and measurements applied to the methodologies established for the Forensic Ballistics Laboratories (LABICI) in Colombia. For this research, controlled tests were carried out in firing ranges, where the diameters of the pig head entry holes (as equivalent to the human head) caused by the impact of projectile at firing distances of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 m were analyzed, considering the position of standing and knee shooting; thus identifying characteristic reference patterns, identified in the measurement of the length and width of each O.E according to the established firing distance ranges.