Comparación Del Grado De Efectividad Como Coagulante En Tratamiento De Aguas Potables Del Extracto Acuoso Y El Extracto Acuoso Salino De La Semilla De Moringa Oleífera, Frente a los Extractos Acuoso y Extracto Acuoso Salino de las Semillas de Soja y de Chachafruto

Abstract

The grades of effectiveness were compared of as clotting in the treatment of water for human consumption, of the watery extract and the saline watery extract of the seed Moringa Oleífera, in front of the saline watery and watery extracts of the soy seeds (Glycine max) and of chachafruto (Erythrina edulis ex Triana Micheli), by means of quantitative and experimental investigation, where a standard procedure was designed for the obtaining of the extracts, watery and watery saline of each one of the seeds study object, based on experiences (Caldera, Mendoza, Briceño, Garcia, & Fuentes, 2007), (Wilchez Espinosa, Morales Serrano, Villamizar Flórez, & Castellanos Arévalo, 2013) as quoted in (Garcia 2007). The seeds were subjected to physical changes by means of unitary operations as removal of shells, sifted, drying, crushed, separation of the fatty part (process of migration selective solid-liquid) and the clotting agent's extraction. Synthetic cloudy water was used, which got ready with kaolin and water of aqueduct net, and it was characterized above in terms of pH, conductivity and turbidity before and after of the tests of jars with the different extracts. Once finished the first experimental stage, where was proved that the saline watery extract of the seed Moringa Oleífera was the one that showed the best acting with 99.09% of efficiency in the removal of the turbidity in front of the others natural extracts study object, was you proceeded to carry out tests with aluminum sulfate at 1000ppm, with the same parameters as for pH and dose that were used with the natural coagulants, where the most efficient dose in aluminum sulfate went from 10ml to pH 8, with a removal percentage of 96.36 %, inferior to that of the saline watery extract of the seed Moringa Oleífera. When revising the behavior from the saline watery extract of soya to pH 5, in which was observed that with dose of 10ml it obtained 95.94% of removal of turbidity and that when increasing the dose of coagulant the turbidity it increased in the water, was taken the decision of carrying out tests with this extract in inferior quantities to the minimum proposal to the beginning of the work. The results allowed to conclude that the saline watery extract of soya to pH 5, with dose of 2 ml, he had better behavior as for the removal of turbidity in front of the other extracts natural study object and in front of the aluminum sulfate with a percentage of removal of 99.54% of turbidity, when passing from 775.9 NTU to a final turbidity of 3.57 NTU. Words key: Moringa, soy, clotting, flocculation, dilutes for human consumption, selective migration.