Lattice Data: Plugin de QGIS que Implementa Análisis Estadístico Exploratorio de Datos Lattice para la Identificación de Correlación Espacial

Abstract

The objective of this work is to perform an exploratory analysis of spatial data (AEDE) of polygon type, commonly called lattice, to estimate, visualize and interpret in a simple way the degree of spatial autocorrelation (AE) that these data present in the study area. commonly analyzed using geographic information systems tools. For the determination of the EA, the statistical index I. of Morán Global was used, based on a neighborhood or contiguity analysis, which offers summary measures that indicate the intensity and type of the spatial relationship present in the data. When evaluating the existence or not of AE in the variables or attributes observed, it is also possible to perform an analysis of the possible aspects that originate or explain said autocorrelation, as well as to predict the behavior of said variable in different zones of similar characteristics. The analysis and interpretation of this type of statistical index usually requires the expertise of a specialist, limiting the number of users who can adequately assess the spatial autocorrelation within their studies. To facilitate the implementation of this analysis by a larger number of GIS users who have aggregate information in discrete areas, a plugin-type software application was developed that is integrated into the QGIS Geographic Information Systems management software, since is a cross-platform, robust, and open source tool for managing information with a geographic component.