Formulación de una propuesta de revegetalización preventiva con especies forestales nativas euritípicas a partir del uso de la Ƒ(FITRAS) en la caracterización del régimen pulsátil del Río Bogotá en su cuenca urbana
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The periodic occurrence of strong flood events over the area of influence of the Bogotá river and the absence of a multitemporal and multivariate statistical analysis of the attributes of its pulsatile regime represent a historical, widespread and widely harmful problem that occurs periodically in its urban basin. The present research had as main objective the formulation of a proposal of preventive revegetation with native eurythypic forest species from the modeling and the characterization of the pulsatile regime of the Bogotá river in its urban basin. The applied methodology was divided in four phases: collection of primary and secondary information on the current state of the banks; Modeling of the hydrological pulse using the ƒ (FITRAS); Evaluation of euritolerance and growth of 20 native forest species of the savanna of Bogota; And structuring an ecological restoration scheme based on the results of the first three phases. The population sample studied corresponds to 46 years of records of the mean monthly flows of 20 hydrometric stations located along the upper and middle basin. It was evidenced the total absence of continuous forest cover on the banks of the river in the visited route and the prevailing need to induce ecological restoration processes. It was verified that the Bogotá river, in its upper and middle basin, is dominated by periods of potamophase in terms of its higher values of intensity, tension, amplitude and seasonality, however, it presents a slight historical tendency towards the occurrence of periods of limnophase Due to the superiority of their frequency and recurrence values. A list of the ten most eurythypical native forest species that were most suitable to revegetate the banks of the Bogotá river was obtained, which, in turn, were included in the revegetation proposal formulated and based on the delimitation of areas of hydrological dominance and reliability of the model Ƒ (FITRAS) applied. It was concluded that the areas of influence of the Bogotá river in its urban basin are vulnerable to considerable damage due to the occurrence of extreme hydrological events, especially those of potamophase; Also that its regional hydrological dominance is represented by limnase in 10%, potamophase in 45% and a shared dominance in 45% of the stations; And finally, the possibility of structuring, designing and elaborating revegetation proposals for the protection of the floodplains of urban river bodies based on the characterization of the pulsatile regime and on the recommended forest species is affirmed.