Estudio multitemporal del uso del suelo y la cobertura forestal en el Municipio De Puerto Rico (Meta) y su proyección para el año 2020

Abstract

The Municipality of Puerto Rico is a region that represents the most disturbing environmental and social problems of the country, is located to the south of the Department of Meta. It is a target for forest degradation and praderization, armed conflict, illicit crops, displacement, poverty and informality in land tenure. Its area is divided into three major planning zones: the La Macarena National Park, the Ariari-Guayabero Production Area and the Recovery Area for North Production, which are the subject of analysis throughout the document. The objective of the multitemporal analysis is to analyze the changes that were presented in the coverage during a period of 23 years, using 4 LANDSAT satellite images of different dates (1991, 1997, 2003 and 2014), the analyzes allow to determine the dynamics of losses of forests due to deforestation processes and the increase of other coverages due to human intervention and thus to show the change figures of the coverages mapped in the Municipality in each of the three great areas of management. According to the above, a methodological process was used to obtain data of spatio-temporal changes that consisted in the digital processing of the images with the help of tools and specialized software for this task. The first part of the document shows the scope of the work, a detailed description of the area of ​​study, as well as a deeper methodological description; in the second part, the step-by-step methodological development, the results of changes in coverage, the projection for the year 2020 of the transformations of some coverages for each of management areas. A discussion is generated on the basis of the results obtained, its conclusions and recommendations for related work to be carried out in the future and finally, there is a series of annexes that allow to discriminate in greater detail the figures and procedures, cartography developed for each of the analysis dates mentioned.