Desarrollo de recursos didácticos para el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de fenómenos acústicos en zona rural de Colombia mediante el Programa Viva la Escuela del Ministerio de Educación Nacional

Abstract

The internship took place at the Rafael Uribe Uribe Uribe Educational Institution, located in the municipality of El Espinal, Tolima, as a way of obtaining a degree in Physics. This experience was part of the Tutoring Program for Learning and Integral Formation (PTAFI 3.0) of the Ministry of National Education, whose objective is to strengthen educational processes and promote integral development in rural contexts. The main purpose of the internship was to strengthen scientific learning and the development of citizenship and environmental competencies in sixth and seventh grade students. To achieve this objective, a methodology divided into three work axes was structured: classroom accompaniment, center of interest and the CRESE line (Citizenship, for reconciliation, anti-racism, socioemotional and for climate change). In the classroom accompaniment, didactic activities and experimental practices focused on the study of acoustic phenomena were developed, using active methodologies that encouraged exploration and collaborative work. Among the activities carried out were “Pasapalabras de los Derechos Humanos”, acoustic experiences and “Dibuja con un amigo”, focused on strengthening scientific concepts and citizenship skills in a participatory and dynamic context. The center of interest was implemented as a strategy to revitalize the School Environmental Project (PRAE) of the institution. In this space, students participated in activities aimed at caring for the environment, such as the preparation of homemade compost, recycling campaigns and the organization of the Environment Day. These actions promoted environmental awareness and student leadership, making it possible to integrate academic learning with ecological commitment and care for the natural environment. The CRESE line complemented the educational process, focusing on the development of citizenship and socioemotional competencies. Through activities such as “The Wall of Qualities,” reflections on social networks, and dramatizations on conflict resolution, respect, empathy, and peaceful coexistence were promoted among students. These practices made it possible to work on themes related to reconciliation and mutual respect, aligned with the principles of the PTAFI 3.0 program. The results obtained in the development of the internship reflected advances in the understanding of acoustic phenomena, the strengthening of citizenship skills and the environmental commitment of the students. In addition, the center of interest allowed reactivating recycling practices and strengthening the sense of belonging to the natural environment. Likewise, a greater appropriation of the concepts worked on in the classroom was achieved, thanks to the use of active methodologies that facilitated meaningful learning in the students. As for the development of the activities, the students participated in an environment of collaboration and teamwork, which allowed the fulfillment of the objectives set. Classroom work, environmental activities and socioemotional practices were effectively articulated, contributing to the integral development of students in a rural context.