Estudio de identificación y evaluación del riesgo biomecánico existente en JES S.A.S.

Abstract

Currently, the welfare of workers has become very important for the most of the company’s, it has positioned itself as a factor of great importance in the creation of rules and regulations by the competent authorities Also, the manufacturing industry attention has been strengthened derived from a growing concern to the mitigation and elimination of occupational risks associated with occupational ergonomics that can trigger musculoskeletal diseases, affecting not only the health of workers but also the efficiency in the production of products and services. According to (Social, 2006) in the report on professional illness in Colombia 2001-2002, presented by the General Direction of Professional Risks of the Ministry of Social Protection, "the carpal duct syndrome is consolidated as the first cause of professional morbidity in the contributory system" Likewise, it clarifies that when diagnoses are grouped by systems, it becomes evident that musculoskeletal disorders are the leading cause of occupational morbidity in the contributory regime in Colombia, also with a trend continues to increase, going from representing 65% during the year 2001 to representing 82% of all diagnoses made during the year 2004. These musculoskeletal disorders are affecting two body segments: the upper limb and the spine. (Social, 2006) For this reason, at JES SAS, a manufacturing company dedicated to the manufacture of professional soccer balls, it was decided to measure the biomechanical risk to which the workers are exposed, taking into account all the biomechanical risks associated with their manual and low-tech work, which is based on repetitive movements and postures that can generate musculoskeletal wear. The development of the aforementioned is achieved through the use of diagnostic tools, such as the Nordic Questionnaire; and evaluation, such as the RULA methodology (RapidUpper Limb Assessment) which allow to understand the state in which the workers are, as well as to identify and evaluate the Biomechanical risks that are present in the company, and how these can affect workers, these methods were chosen as they are the most appropriate according to the type of tasks that workers do, taking into account that the methodologies used directly relate the parts of the body in which the workers suffer greater wear as a result of their work within the company. Based on the results obtained, administrative and engineering measures are proposed in order to reduce the exposure of workers to biomechanical risk identified through the methodologies mentioned above, and thereby minimize the impact on health due to musculoskeletal diseases of occupational origin in the company JES S.A.S. Finally, it is established that this document aims to provide tools to JES S.A.S so that it maintains a process of continuous improvement in terms of the care of its workers, focused on biomechanical risks, and that in this way the company can continue to grow and advance competitively. in the market without neglecting the welfare of its employees.