Contribución al estudio fitoquímico de flores de Senna spectabilis (Fabaceae) y evaluación de su capacidad antioxidante

Abstract

This project presents the contribution to the chemical and biological study of the flowers of the plant species Senna spectabilis, thus establishing a contribution to the species in the country because the flowers of this species have not been studied in Colombia. The collection of the flowers of the species Senna spectabilis was made in Guaduas-Cundinamarca (Geographic coordinates: 5 ° 05'16.4 "N 74 ° 36'54.3" W). Subsequently, a cold maceration process with ethanol was carried out, obtaining the ethanolic flower extract of Senna spectabilis (E.EtOH.Ss.F). From this, continuous liquid-liquid fractionation was performed with solvents of increasing polarity, and thus the fractions of heptane (Fx.Hept.Ss.F), dichloromethane (Fx.DCM.Ss.F), ethyl acetate were obtained. (Fx.AcOEt.Ss.F), of alkaloids (Fx.ALK.Ss.F) and a hydroalcoholic residue (Fx.Hidroalc.Ss.F). The obtained fractions were subjected to chromatographic procedures, thus obtaining from Fx.Hept.Ss.F the mixture SsF1 conformed by two esters and a ketone (9-oxo-nonanoate of ethyl, palmitate of ethyl and pentadecan-2-one respectively ), and the mixture SsF2 formed by an ester and an anthraquinone (ethyl palmitate and 1,8-dihydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone respectively). From Fx.DCM.Ss.F, the SsF3 mixture composed of a monoterpenoid and a cinnamic acid derivative (linalool and methyl cinnamate respectively) was obtained. From this same fraction the methyl cinnamate named compound SsF4 was isolated. Also, from Fx.AcOEt.Ss.F and Fx.ALK.Ss.F it was possible to isolate the compound SsF5 identified as caffeine. The above was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil was obtained by the technique of steam distillation from fresh flowers, its determination was made by GC-MS, comparison of retention indexes, mass spectra and data reported in the literature, where could determine the presence of ethyl palmitate (29.94%), as the ester with the highest percentage of relative composition within the oil.