Evaluación del aprovechamiento energético de residuos municipales e industriales por coprocesamiento en hornos cementeros: Caso de estudio Regenera

Abstract

The energy utilization of municipal and industrial waste through co-processing in cement kilns is presented as a comprehensive solution to two global challenges: sustainable waste management and reducing dependence on fossil fuels in the cement industry. This research focuses on evaluating the technical, environmental, and economic feasibility of using waste-derived fuels (RDFs) for energy utilization through co-processing of waste in cement kilns. To this end, key parameters such as calorific value, moisture, and ash content are used to identify the most suitable wastes, while also identifying potential challenges. The results obtained demonstrate that this process not only optimizes energy efficiency but also validates regulatory compliance and minimizes environmental impacts, providing a solid basis for decision-making for industries interested in reducing their carbon footprint through proper waste management (in the case of suppliers), and for companies and organizations specializing in the treatment and recovery of such waste. Additionally, it is evident that this alternative is aligned with local regulations and complies with international standards, with benefits such as reducing waste going to landfills, with proper pretreatment (primarily the separation stage) ensuring that it does not compete with primary recycling (waste hierarchy). The Colombian regulatory framework, although lacking specific regulations for co-processing, allows for its implementation under general waste management and emissions control provisions. The information generated in this work contributes to filling the research gap in the local context, providing technical data on non-traditional waste and establishing academic foundations for future policies. Environmental impact assessments, using methodologies such as CONESA, confirm that the process is compatible with the environment, provided strict emissions controls are maintained and the selection of suitable waste is prioritized. Thus, co-processing emerges as a viable alternative for Colombian industries committed to sustainability and reducing their carbon footprint.