Relación del Dolor Lumbar y sus Factores de Riesgo en Trabajadores de Canteras en el Municipio de Mosquera Cundinamarca, 2017

Abstract

Low back pain is one of the most frequent health problems among the working population in Colombia and has a prevalence of 18.9% as estimated by the II National Survey of Occupational Safety and Health Conditions. Objective: To establish the relationship between low back pain and its risk factors, as well as their respective prevalences in the mining workers of quarries in the municipality of Mosquera. Methodology: Observational cross-sectional analytical study, carried out in four companies dedicated to the extraction of stone aggregates in quarries, through the application of the Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a method of participative ergonomics (ERGOPAR Method) adjusted and self-administed in 80 people. It was determined the prevalence of low back pain and back pain in the last 12 months, risk factors in the previous and current work and sociodemographic characteristics; The prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results: low back pain and back pain showed a high prevalence (57.5% and 48.7%, respectively), with prevalence in peoples over 35 year, women and overweight people. The low back pain had an average duration of 5.5 days in its last episode, a fifth part (20%) has recibed medical treatment and around of a third part (30%) putted into practice some measure for the prevention of the low back pain. The relationship between back pain and work in the administrative area was identified (RP 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8), women (RP 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2, 2), high physical demands (RP 1.6, 95% CI: 1.2-2.3) and standing for periods of more than two hours per day (RP 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4) ); the latter also related to low back pain (RP 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8). Conclusions: Back pain, mainly in the lower back, has a high prevalence in quarry workers and is mostly related to postural problems; Interventions focused on the organization of jobs and the promotion of self-care in workers are required.