Análisis en el contexto ambiental y su impacto eco-sistémico de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the leading threats to global and environmental health, with significant impacts on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This study analyzes the presence of resistance genes in environmental matrices and evaluates the effectiveness of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in removing antibiotics and resistant microorganisms. The results highlight the inefficiency of conventional treatments and the need to implement advanced technologies such as the sono-photo-Fenton process. Key contamination sources are identified, emphasizing the importance of updating environmental regulations to address this issue. The study concludes that integrating management strategies, environmental monitoring, and public policies is essential to mitigate the spread of AMR and its impact on ecosystem health.