Análisis de los criterios de valoración del suelo al interior de un predio rural en la reserva forestal del Río las Ceibas municipio de Neiva - Huila

Abstract

Taking as a reference that in valuation practice in Colombia, rural properties valued under the market value approach, the average value found per unit area is applied to the entire land area in valuation, this being particularly serious when it comes to considerable extensions of land with diverse physiographies- it is necessary to differentiate the application of the value to each physiographic unit found in the property. In our interest to promote the best practices in the valuation process of rural properties and to confirm the validity of the qualification criteria that can be applied in the determination of the value of each physiographic unit and that the result of the final evaluation of the property is adjustment to the reality of it and be consistent with the purpose of valuation, we request the municipality of Neiva, allow us to consult the appraisals practiced for the purchase of rural properties in the forest reserve area of ​​the River las Ceibas, to perform an evaluation of the criteria applied in said appraisals, in order to validate them in the degree work that we are advancing to achieve the title of appraisal specialists granted by the Francisco Jodé District University. As of december 31, 2018, there were 375 commercial appraisals of rural properties, 201 of which correspond to properties actually negotiated and the rest were under negotiation. The properties negotiated correspond to an area close to the 8,500 hectares of the 15,000 hectares to be purchased and correspond to 53% of the total area of ​​the forest reserve. For the effects of the present work a total of 200 commercial appraisals of the negotiated properties were taken, in whose elaboration the aforementioned aspects were used and qualified, which were carried out by different professionals. cadastral and geodestas, forestry, agricultural, agronomists, geographers and civil, attached to the Lonja Serpro Ltda. Of all the relevant aspects, for the development of this work we chose the following four: a)Topography;b)Water availability;c)Land adequacy and d) Distance from the property to the road. The previous aspects were identified and qualified in all the appraisals practiced and with this information and by statistical and econometric treatment the correlations between variables and the technical justification that supports the given qualifications were found. It was found, then, how the multiple correlation between variables is applicable to all the appraisals applicable to the purchase project of the las Ceibas river forest reserve and from another part were found the polynomial regressions that support the ratings given for each one. of the mentioned aspects and that can be applied to any type of appraisal in another part of the national territory. As a result of the above, the importance of applying aspects and assessment criteria to each of the physiographic units found in a rural property subject to appraisal is highlighted.